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	Iran hostage crisis
		The Iran hostage crisis was a 444-day period during which the new government of Iran held hostage 66 citizens of the United States.
		Iran's new leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, instigated the crisis on November 1, 1979 when he urged his people to demonstrate and expand attacks on United States and Israeli interests on November 4.
		Thirteen of the hostages were released on November 19 and 20 (the women and African-Americans amongst the group) but the remaining 52 continued to be held (one further hostage was released because of illness on July 11, 1980).
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/i/ir/iran_hostage_crisis.html (833 words)

	Station Information - Iran hostage crisis
		The Iran hostage crisis was the events following the seizure of the US embassy in Tehran on November 4 1979, a crisis that lasted over a year until January 20 1981.
		Iran's new dictator, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini instigated the crisis when on November 1, 1979 he urged his people to demonstrate on November 4 and to expand attacks on United States and Israeli interests.
		The US President, Jimmy Carter, immediately applied economic and diplomatic pressure on Iran, oil imports from Iran were ended (November 12, 1979), Iranians in the US were expelled and around $8 billion of Iranian assets in the United States were frozen (November 14, 1979).
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/i/ir/iran_hostage_crisis.html (679 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Iran hostage crisis
		The Iran hostage crisis was a 444-day period (approximately 14 months), during which student proxies of the new Iranian regime, Muslim student followers of the Imam's line, of the held hostage 63 diplomats and 3 citizens of the United States inside the U.S. embassy in Tehran.
		The hostage takers, wishing to demonstrate their solidarity with other oppressed minorities and the special place of women in Islam, released 13 women and African Americans in the middle of that November.
		The hostages come home, as celebrated on the streets of Washington, D.C. The death of the Shah on July 27 and the invasion of Iran by Iraq in September, 1980 made Iran more receptive to resolve the hostage crisis, while Carter lost the November 1980 presidential election to Ronald Reagan.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Iran_hostage_crisis (2985 words)

	Iranica.com - HOSTAGE CRISIS
		Iran's willingness to negotiate at this point was the segue to the final phase of the hostage crisis.
		The hostage crisis was also a contributing factor in the electoral defeat of incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter and the landslide victory of the Republican candidate Ronald Reagan.
		Iran as a county, however, suffered from the hostage crisis; its international reputation, prestige, and national interests were gravely damaged, and it became entangled in a bloody war with Iraq.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v12f5/v12f5058.html (9573 words)

	AllRefer.com - Iran hostage crisis (U.S. History) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Iran hostage crisis, in U.S. history, events following the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran by Iranian students on Nov. 4, 1979.
		In 1980, the death of the shah in Egypt and the invasion of Iran by Iraq (see Iran-Iraq War) made the Iranians more receptive to resolving the hostage crisis.
		In 2000 former hostages and their survivors sued Iran under the 1996 Antiterrorism Act, which permits U.S. citizens to sue foreign governments in cases of state-sponsored terrorism.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/I/Iranhost.html (481 words)

	Ultimate Anti-Americanism: The Iran Hostage Crisis
		She was just a nine-month-old baby when, on January 16, 1979, the ruler of Iran, known as the Shah, fled the country with his family, never to return.
		Iran, however, lost face in the international arena and became embroiled in a war with Iraq that sapped its economy and resources.
		The U.S. and Iran learned a lot from the hostage crisis and the decade that followed." Although she doesn't expect relations between her two countries to normalize anytime soon, she hopes that the new millennium will bring the two peoples closer together.
	www.ustrek.org /odyssey/semester2/041401/041401daphiran.html (1446 words)

	The History Guy: Iran-U.S. Hostage Crisis (1979-1981) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		President Carter now faced a crisis with oil-rich, but hostile Iran, a new Cold War crisis with the Soviets, and a growing sense in his own country that he was increasingly showing himself to be an ineffective leader.
		Iran and the U.S. still do not have official diplomatic relations with each other, and both nations hurl hostile accusations at each other over issues such as the American invasion of Iraq and Iranian nuclear research.
		Several of the former hostages contend that Ahmadinejad was one of the leaders of the student groups that seized the embassy in 1979.
	www.historyguy.com /iran-us_hostage_crisis.html (1315 words)

	Class Analysis of the Iranian Revolution of 1979
		In so far as Iran was a capitalist social formation, with a significant presence of self-exploitation, under the monarchist regime, it remained such a social formation after the 1979 Revolution, although the trajectory of change may have been altered.
		In the next section, the crisis within the ancient class process is examined as one of the conditions for the 1979 Revolution.
		Urban areas in Iran were epitomized by the presence of special zones, spatially demarcated from the rest of the town or city, where scores of small storefront enterprises operated.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/sgabriel/iran.htm (3484 words)

	Iran Focus-Iran leader linked to 1979 hostage crisis - Iran (General) - News
		WASHINGTON - At least four Americans held hostage in the 1979 takeover of the U.S. Embassy in Tehran said on Thursday they recognized Iran's president-elect as one of the ringleaders from the crisis, a claim denied in Tehran.
		In Iran, two leading figures in the seizure of the U.S. Embassy denied Ahmadinejad took part in the hostage drama which led Washington to break ties with Tehran.
		Ahmadinejad, who won Iran's presidential election by a landslide last week, was a 23-year-old university student at the time of the takeover in November 1979 and was a founding member of the radical student group that organized the storming of the U.S. Embassy compound, the Times said.
	www.iranfocus.com /modules/news/article.php?storyid=2699 (605 words)

	iran hostage crisis - terrorism victims & terrorist groups
		Thirteen hostages were soon released, but the remaining 53 were held until their release on January 20, 1981.
		The iran hostage crisis refers to events following the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran by iranian students on Nov. 4, 1979.
		In 1980, the death of the Shah in Egypt and the invasion of Iran by Iraq made the Iranians more receptive to resolving the Hostage Crisis.
	www.terrorism-victims.org /terrorists/iran-hostage-crisis.html (554 words)

	Iran hostage crisis - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS [Iran hostage crisis] in U.S. history, events following the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran by Iranian students on Nov. 4, 1979.
		Interview: Professor Gary Sick discusses Iran's new president-elect and his involvement in the Iran hostage crisis from 1979 to 1981 [DP]
		A Captive Reflects on the Iran Hostage Crisis
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-iranhost.html (627 words)

	Sample Chapter for Farber, D.: Taken Hostage: The Iran Hostage Crisis and America's First Encounter with Radical Islam.
		The Iran hostage crisis, which lasted from November 4, 1979, until January 20, 1981, was but one of the many troubles Americans faced during a difficult time.
		In addition, what makes this history of the Iran hostage crisis different from the accounts written soon after the hostages' release is the critical importance I place on the rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Iran and on the Carter administration's troubled attempts to respond to its theocratic impulses within the prevailing cold war paradigm.
		Still, American negotiators could have made the relative safety of the hostages clearer to the American people and they could have better explained that the American diplomats and soldiers being wrongly held in Iran had understood the risks involved in being in a country that was undergoing a furious political and cultural revolution.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/i7807.html (2422 words)

	Iran hostage crisis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Two of them Mahmoud Ahmadinejad from Iran University of Science and Technology and one other wanted to target the Soviet embassy, because, he said, the USSR was "a Marxist and anti-God regime." But the two others—Mirdamadi and Habibolah Bitaraf —supported Asgharzadeh's choice.
		The "Laingen dispatches" were dispatches made by the hostage Bruce Laingen to the American government.
		This resulted in the "Algiers Accords" of January 19, 1981, committing Iran to free the hostages immediately.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis (3019 words)

	The Hostage Crisis in Iran
		This terrorist act triggered the most profound crisis of the Carter presidency and began a personal ordeal for Jimmy Carter and the American people that lasted 444 days.
		He pursued a policy of restraint that put a higher value on the lives of the hostages than on American retaliatory power or protecting his own political future.
		Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, began his reign in 1941, succeeding his father, Reza Khan, to the throne.
	www.jimmycarterlibrary.org /documents/hostages.phtml (405 words)

	American Experience \| Jimmy Carter \| People & Events
		The hostage crisis was the most dramatic in a series of problems facing Americans at home and abroad in the last year of the Carter presidency.
		It's hard to say, since the hostage crisis was merely the latest event in the long and complex relationship between the United States and Iran.
		Carter's all-night effort to bring the 52 hostages home before the end of his term, documented by an ABC television crew in the Oval Office, fell short; the Iranians released them minutes after Reagan was inaugurated.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/carter/peopleevents/e_hostage.html (1219 words)

	AII POW-MIA Iran Hostage Crisis
		The hostages deserve to know if Reagan's campaign prolonged their ordeal, and all Americans deserve to know if the nation's foreign policy was first bartered to Khomeini in 1980.
		But the contention that Casey sabotaged an early hostage release during the 1980 election fits into a recent pattern of far more insidious presidential campaign excesses, in which laws may be violated and voters are deprived of information on which to make an informed judgment before the election.
		Iran would free the hostages if the U.S. released Iran's financial assets, refrained from intervention in Iranian affairs, and returned the shah's property, including the military supplies that had been paid for.
	www.aiipowmia.com /other/iranhstgcrss80.html (14283 words)

	Iran hostage crisis — Infoplease.com
		Days of rage.(The Crisis: The President, the Prophet, and the Shah--1979 and the Coming of Militant Islam)(Taken Hostage: The Iran......
		Nightline is spawned out of the hostage crisis: Roone Arledge wanted the 11:30 slot; Ted Koppel and the turmoil in Iran were his vehicles.......
		America held hostage: in 1979, Islamic fundamentalists seized the U.S. Embassy in Iran, holding 52 Americans for 444 days--until a......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0825448.html (617 words)

	IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Iran hostage crisis began November 4, 1979, when a mob of Iranians seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran, taking a large group of employees hostage.
		News of the failure aggravated the American public's mounting frustration over the crisis, providing a focus for broader criticism of Carter's administration (sharpened by the fact that this was an election year) as well as more general distress over America's waning ability to control world events.
		On November 4, 1979, the crisis began when militant Iranian students, outraged that the U.S. government had allowed the ousted Shah of Iran to travel to the U.S. for medical treatment, seized the U.S. embassy in Teheran.
	shs.westport.k12.ct.us /jwb/AP/Hostage.htm (562 words)

	Iran Focus-Iran hostage crisis, take 2 - Iran: World Press - News
		An immediate pullout from Iraq would be a victory for Iran, a regime that has declared its ambitions to wipe Israel off the map and establish a caliphate throughout the Middle East.
		Iran's leadership is betting that the Security Council, and the nations of the West in particular, want to avoid another ugly confrontation in the Middle East, especially given the risky and open-ended situations in Lebanon and Iraq.
		Iran has poured money into southern Iraq, providing reconstruction programs aimed at enhancing its reputation among the Shiite community, just as Hezbollah did in southern Lebanon.
	www.iranfocus.com /modules/news/article.php?storyid=8348 (733 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Middle East \| Remembering the Iran hostage crisis
		The traumatic events would have huge repercussions for Iran and the US Thursday marked the 25th anniversary of the US embassy hostage crisis in Iran.
		After the crisis he was elected as an MP in 1988 in Tehran, but in the next elections his qualifications were not approved and he could not run again.
		She was angry and worried, as were all of the hostage spouses.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/3978523.stm (1362 words)

	Iran Hostage Crisis
		Although women and African-Americans were released a short time later, 51 hostages remained imprisoned for 444 days with another individual released because of illness midway through the ordeal.
		First, Carter cancelled oil imports from Iran, then he expelled a number of Iranians from the U.S., followed by freezing about $8 billion of Iranian assets in the U.S. At first, the Iranian government denied responsibility for the incident, but its failure to take action against the hostage-takers belied the denial.
		They included the Shah's return to Iran, a demand for an apology for American involvement in Iran, including the coup in 1953, and a promise to steer clear of Iranian affairs in the future.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h2021.html (998 words)

	Digital History
		Several hostages were put to work as domestic servants; another was forced to care for the Dey of Algiers's lion.
		Much of the time the hostages were kept in leg irons, chained to pillars or locked in a rat-infested prison.
		In 1797, the hostages were freed and sailed to Philadelphia, where they were greeted by cheering crowds.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /historyonline/hostages.cfm (886 words)

	Political Dogs: Iran Hostage Crisis # 2
		Iran at the very least is encouraging and sponsoring much of the insurgency.
		Iran makes no bones about the fact that they do sponsor international terrorism.
		I think Iran senses that the United States, and perhaps its allies, may be targeting it as the next front in the War on Terror, and was trying to turn Iraq into a Vietnam in hopes that Bush would fail in his bid for re-election.
	www.politicaldogs.org /2004/11/iran-hostage-crisis-2.htm (222 words)

	USATODAY.com - The Iran hostage crisis, revisited (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		What was planned as a sit-in to call attention to Iran's supposed grievances — the deposed shah had recently been admitted to the USA for medical treatment, for example — spirals out of control.
		The "glorious Islamist revolution in Iran," he assures readers, will wind up as "little more than a footnote," a "despised, corrupt and ineffectual religious dictatorship." Religious "terrorism," he is certain, is "in its death throes" in Iran.
		More than a generation after the embassy takeover, the mullahs remain in the saddle and Iran is led by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, a Holocaust-denying Muslim fundamentalist whom several former hostages have identified as one of their most rabid interrogators.
	www.usatoday.com /life/books/reviews/2006-05-10-guests_x.htm (510 words)

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