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	THE IRAQI CONSTITUTION: A Referendum for Disaster: UFPJ Talking Points #34
		Constitutions can play a crucial role in founding and unifying new or renewing states; Iraq is no exception, and in the future drafting a constitution could play a key part in reunifying and strengthening national consciousness of the country.
		The constitution is widely understood to favor their interests, and by instituting a semblance of majority rule and according to some sources by privileging religious power within the government and court systems, it does so.
		Many secular Iraqis, as well as Christians, are dismayed by the privileging of Muslim clerics within the constitutional court, for example, as well as the regional empowerment that allows local/regional governments to choose sharia, or Islamic law, as the basis for some or all of its court jurisdiction rather than secular laws.
	www.ips-dc.org /comment/Bennis/tp34constitution.htm (2619 words)

	Long Live the New Iraq!
		This government shall be constituted in accordance with a process of extensive deliberations and consultations with cross-sections of the Iraqi people conducted by the Governing Council and the Coalition Provisional Authority and possibly in consultation with the United Nations.
		The Iraqi Armed Forces shall be subject to the civilian control of the Iraqi Transitional Government, in accordance with the contents of Chapters Three and Five of this Law.
		The right of Iraqis to educate their children in their mother tongue, such as Turcoman, Syriac, or Armenian, in government educational institutions in accordance with educational guidelines, or in any other language in private educational institutions, shall be guaranteed.
	www.cpa-iraq.org /government/TAL.html (7068 words)

	Constitution of the Kingdom of Iraq (1925)
		This law shall be known as «The Iraq constitution»; its provisions shall be in force in all parts of the Kingdom of Iraq.
		All Iraqis shall have the right of presenting petitions and memorials to the King, Parliament and the public authorities, setting forth complaints, whether relating to matters where they are personally concerned or to matters of public interest, in such circumstances and in such manner as may be prescribed by law.
		Iraqis shall be equal in status, as regards the enjoyment of their rights and the discharge of their obligations.
	www.geocities.com /dagtho/iraqiconst19250321.html (6662 words)

	JURIST - Gazette: Iraqi constitution draft [AP]
		Article (65): The president of the republic is the president of the country and the symbol of the nation's unity and represents the sovereignty of the country and oversees the guarantees of adherence to the constitution, the preservation of Iraq's independence and unity and the security of its territory, in accordance to the law.
		Article (124): The constitution of the region determines the responsibilities of the president and the authorities designated to the regional constitutional agencies in a way that does not contradict this constitution.
		Article (153): This constitution comes into effect after its approval by the people in a universal referendum and its publication in the official newspaper and the election of the Council of Representatives in accordance with its provisions.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /gazette/2005/08/iraqi-constitution-draft-ap.php (9515 words)

	Text of Iraqi Constitution
		Iraqis are guaranteed the right to educate their children in their mother tongues, such as Turkomen or Assyrian, in government educational institutions, or any other language in private educational institutions, according to educational regulations.
		Article (14): Iraqis are equal before the law without discrimination because of sex, ethnicity, nationality, origin, color, religion, sect, belief, opinion or social or economic status.
		Article (39): Iraqis are free in their adherence to their personal status according to their own religion, sect, belief and choice, and that will be organized by law.
	www.voanews.com /english/2005-08-24-voa39.cfm (4262 words)

	Kurdistan: Identity Denied in the Iraqi Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Previous Iraqi constitutions during the Baathist governments of Ahmed Hassan Al-Bakr in 1970, and Saddam Hussein in 1990, as well as the transitional Iraqi constitution of 1958, state clearly that Iraq is composed of two people, Kurds and Arabs.
		The Iraqi constitution does not describe Iraq as a voluntary union between two people, Kurds and Arabs, yet, according to the President of Kurdistan, the constitution does describe “Iraq as a voluntary union is equal to self-determination rights”.
		The Iraqi constitution is a manifestation of the political bankruptcy of the Kurdish political leadership.
	www.unpo.org /article.php?id=3897 (2816 words)

	Constitution of Iraq - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The constitution was drafted in 2005 by members of the Iraqi Constitutional Committee to replace the Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period (the "TAL").
		The TAL was drafted between December 2003 and March 2004 by the Iraqi Governing Council, an appointed body that was selected by the Coalition Provisional Authority after the Iraq War and occupation of Iraq by the United States and Coalition forces.
		The constitution was drafted by a committee appointed by the Iraqi Transitional Government that was elected in January 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Proposed_Iraqi_constitution (2487 words)

	Asia Times - Asia's most trusted news source for the Middle East
		Its acceptance by the Iraqi population remains uncertain; its ability to actually set the terms for laws to govern the country during the interim period after June 30 remains unknown; its relevance to any truly independent government created after the interim period remains in doubt.
		The constitution calls for a federal system of government, in which, despite language to the contrary, the sectors are almost certain to be determined by Iraqis' ethnic and religious identity.
		In terms of economic and social rights, the constitution includes "the right to security, education, health care and social security", and states that the government agencies "within the limits of their resources" shall strive to "provide prosperity and employment opportunities to the region".
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Middle_East/FC25Ak02.html (1414 words)

	Baghdad Burning
		The first notable difference between the final version of the constitution published in the New York Times and the Arabic version published in Al-Sabah is in article (47) under chapter three which sets down the general conditions for the ‘Council of Representatives’.
		In the old constitution that was being used up until the war, the ‘Temporary Constitution’ of 1970 which came into implementation on the 16th of July, 1970, the only reference to Islam is in Article (4) which simply states: “Islam is the religion of the state.
		Iraqis are free in their adherence to their personal status according to their own religion, sect, belief and choice, and that will be organized by law.
	riverbendblog.blogspot.com /2005_09_01_riverbendblog_archive.html (4401 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Drafting the Iraqi Constitution by Nimrod Raphaeli
		The new Iraqi constitution is to provide the cornerstone for a free, democratic regime in Iraq subject to parliamentary oversight guaranteeing the rights and liberties of the Iraqi people.
		The Iraqi leaders have agreed that, in principle, every issue has to he resolved by consensus, and not by a majority vote which could easily be mustered by the Shi’a and Kurdish members of the drafting committee of the National Assembly.
		Mundhir al-Fadhil, a constitutional lawyer [an Arab but a member of the Kurdish parliamentary faction] and a member of the drafting committee has identified eighteen issues over which there was different degrees of disagreement between the three major ethnic groups in Iraq—the Shi’a, the Sunnis and the Kurds.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=19143 (1619 words)

	DefenseLINK News: Rumsfeld: Iraqi Constitution Could Be Powerful Weapon
		The new Iraqi constitution "will be a critical step in persuading the majority of Iraqis that the new Iraq is worth fighting for, that they have a stake in it," Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld said here today.
		Iraqi leaders are laboring to finish the draft of their constitution by Aug. 15, Rumsfeld told reporters at a Pentagon news briefing, with Joint Chiefs Chairman Air Force Gen. Richard B. Myers at his side.
		The insurgents sense and understand this and are "determined to stop the constitutional process" in Iraq by employing "terror and intimidation," Rumsfeld said.
	www.defenselink.mil /news/Aug2005/20050809_2380.html (625 words)

	Draft Iraqi Constitution (Translated by the U.N. Office) \| Iraq Updates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Fifth: Iraqi citizenship shall not be granted for the purposes of the policy of settling people that cause an imbalance in the population composition of Iraq.
		Second: The State shall seek the advancement of the Iraqi clans and tribes and shall attend to their affairs in a manner that is consistent with religion and the law and upholds its noble human values in a way that contributes to the development of society.
		This Constitution shall come into force after the approval of the people thereon in a general referendum, its publication in the Official Gazette and the seating of the government that is formed pursuant to this constitution.
	www.iraqupdates.com /p_articles.php/article/3149 (11253 words)

	American Thinker: The triumph of the Iraqi Constitution
		In fact, the Iraqi Constitution is a much more serious and democratic document than the EU Constitution, which was turned down with a massive sneer by the French voters just a few months ago.
		It does so in an Iraqi context, with due regard to Islam and the agonizing history of that country, but its ideas are steeped in the Enlightenment, the very same intellectual atmosphere in which the US Founders flourished.
		The patriarch Abraham of the Bible was born in "Ur of the Chaldees" — in ancient Mesopotamia.
	www.americanthinker.com /articles.php?article_id=4778 (1028 words)

	The New Iraqi Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		One of the principal objections to the proposed Iraqi constitution involves the role of Islam in the new government.
		In other words, although the Iraqi constitution references Islam and establishes it as the state religion, the document’s guarantees of democracy and religious freedoms are treated with equal dignity.
		[8]It is worth noting that placing the Iraqi constitution within the context of the necessary ideological struggle between Western democracy and radical Islam should help to quell the ongoing debate between the “neoconservatives” and the foreign policy “realists” that has contributed to the erosion of popular support for the Iraq war.
	www.heritage.org /Research/MiddleEast/Iraq/BG1879.cfm (5540 words)

	Iraq constitution drafters gain extension - Conflict in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		Iraq's National Assembly votes unanimously Monday in Baghdad for a seven-day extension for the constitution draft, on the eve of the original deadline.
		BAGHDAD, Iraq - Iraqi leaders failed to meet a key deadline Monday to finish a new constitution, stalling over the same fundamental issues of power-sharing — including federalism, oil wealth and Islam’s impact on women — that have bedeviled the country since Saddam Hussein’s ouster.
		“Iraqi leaders determined that a seven-day extension was needed to resolve remaining issues and to fine tune the language of the draft to avoid errors,” he said.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/8931395 (807 words)

	BY TOPIC: The New Iraqi Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Following the invasion of Iraq by the United States, a proposed Iraqi constitution was drafted in 2005 by the interim Iraqi Government and assisted by the occupying forces.
		According to the de facto law in Iraq, the "Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period" should be replaced by a new constitution, which will be presented to the Iraqi people for approval in a constitutional ratification referendum to be held no later than October 15, 2005.
		Iraqi women need to be represented in constitution, IRIN (21 July 2005)
	electroniciraq.net /news/2151.shtml (813 words)

	Iraqi Constitution Ratified, Burned \| The Onion - America's Finest News Source (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		BAGHDAD—The people of Iraq celebrated the passage of their new constitution Monday, in a formal ceremony that included a stirring speech by Iraqi President Jalal Talabani, a series of explosions that left 77 dead, and a traditional dance performed by Iraqi schoolchildren.
		While Iraqi officials acknowledge that the path toward unified peace will be a long one, many expressed cautious optimism over Iraq's burgeoning democracy.
		A large portion of the eloquent preamble, which vowed that the Iraqi people would learn from the mistakes of the past, was discovered seared onto a slab of smoldering flesh atop an ambulance which had been catapulted through the entrance of the convention center by a minibus explosion.
	www.theonion.com /content/node/42163 (638 words)

	JURIST - Iraqi Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Iraqi president assails ISG proposals as undermining sovereignty, constitution
		According to the constitution [JURIST news archive; JURIST document], approved in the October....
		Check Blogdigger for more JURIST news on the Iraqi constitution...
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /currentawareness/iraqiconstitution.php (539 words)

	Full text of Iraq constitution - Conflict in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		This Constitution is the guarantor of its unity.)
		Iraq shall observe the principles of a good neighborliness, adhere to the principle of noninterference in the internal affairs of other states, endeavor to settle disputes by peaceful means, establish relations on the basis of mutual interests and reciprocity, and respect its international obligations.
		C. The Iraqi Armed Forces and its personnel, including military personnel working at the Ministry of Defense or any subordinate departments or organizations, may not stand for election to political office, campaign for candidates, or participate in other activities prohibited by the Ministry of Defense regulations.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/9719734 (1426 words)

	CNN.com - Iraq delays vote on draft constitution - Aug 22, 2005
		Another Sunni Arab member of the committee, Hasan Zeydan, told Iraqi television that if the Shias and Kurds planned to present a constitution only they had agreed on, it would be illegal.
		The lawmakers agreed that Iraqi oil belongs to all Iraqi people and distribution would be carried out by central and regional governments, al-Hasani said.
		But Iraqi National Security Adviser Mowaffak al-Rubaie, a Shiite, told CNN that decentralization was "a pivotal part of the vision of the future" for Iraq.
	www.cnn.com /2005/WORLD/meast/08/22/iraq.main/index.html (1054 words)

	Make or Break for the Iraqi Constitution
		At the end of Monday’s cliffhanger negotiations, Iraqi representatives set a new and final deadline of August 25, 2005, for reaching agreement on the country’s new constitution.
		Beyond their constitutional ability to derail the final document on October 15, lack of Sunni political involvement imperils the very idea of a self-sustaining Iraqi democracy.
		The ushering in of Iraq’s new constitution, by any measure a staggering political achievement, should not herald the end of America’s commitment to the recently liberated country.
	www.heritage.org /Research/MiddleEast/wm822.cfm (624 words)

	Iraq Interim Constitution: March 8, 2004
		(G) If the National Assembly does not complete writing the draft permanent constitution by 15 August 2005 and does not request extension of the deadline in Article 61(D) above, the provisions of Article 61(E), above, shall be applied.
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	news.findlaw.com /hdocs/docs/iraq/30804interimconst.html (7267 words)

	Constitution of Iraq - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It details what determines a natural Iraqi citizen and what rights each citizen has regarding that status.
		Iraq: a constitution to nowhere (Zaid Al-ali, 15 October 2005)
		The Iraqi Constitution: What Would Approval Really Mean?
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iraqi_Constitution (2493 words)

	ScrappleFace: Vacationing Bush Writes New Iraqi Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		(2005-08-26) -- After weeks of failure by the Iraqi National Assembly to approve a draft of a new national charter, President George Bush today intervened and required the legislative body to adopt a constitution he recently composed while on vacation in Texas.
		Bush, "but while I was sitting by the pool, sipping a sweet tea, I actually knocked out a pretty decent little Iraqi constitution.
		The president said his Iraqi constitution "resolves ancient ethnic and religious tensions among Shi'ites, Sunnis and Kurds and creates an atmosphere of trust and peaceful fellowship between Iraqi citizens and the terrorists who have been blowing them up."
	www.scrappleface.com /MT/archives/002290.html (277 words)

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