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	The Raw Story \| US civil rights pioneer Irene Morgan Kirkaldy dies
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, a fl woman whose refusal in 1944 to give up her seat to a white passenger is seen as a precursor to the US civil rights movement, has died at the age of 90, reports said Monday.
		Morgan is said to have thrown it out the window, and according to some reports, kicked the sheriff sent to arrest her.
		Morgan contested her case with the help of a team of lawyers including Thurgood Marshall, who went on to become the first fl appointed to the Supreme Court.
	rawstory.com /news/afp/US_civil_rights_pioneer_Irene_Morga_08132007.html (309 words)

	Irene Morgan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Morgan appealed her case on the conviction for violating the segregation laws and her lawyers appealed all the way to the U. Supreme Court.
		Morgan's case helped inspire in 1947 the first Freedom Ride, during which 16 Civil Rights activists rode on interstate buses and trains to challenge the South's continued and calculated defiance of the Supreme Court's edict.
		Morgan's story has been mostly overlooked by history books, but she has been collecting honors in the past few years since 1995, when she appeared in a public television documentary about her case and the Journey of Reconciliation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Irene_Morgan (586 words)

	irene morgan - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Irene Morgan was an important precursor to Rosa Parks in the successful fight to overturn segregationist laws in the United States.
		Like the more famous Parks, but 11 years earlier, the 27 year old Morgan was arrested and jailed for refusing to give up her seat on a Greyhound bus to a white person.
		Morgan's case helped inspire the first Freedom Rides, during which 16 Civil Rights activists rode on interstate buses and trains to challenge the South's defiance of the Supreme Court.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Irene-Morgan (257 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Irene Morgan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Like the more famous Parks, but 11 years earlier, in 1944, the 27-year-old Morgan was arrested and jailed for refusing to give up her seat on a Greyhound bus to a white person.
		Morgan’s story began on a Grey-hound bus in 1944, when many of the pillars of segregation already were under attack.
		Morgan drifted in and out of high school, depending on whether she had a job cleaning houses, washing clothes, or caring for the children of white people.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Irene_Morgan (783 words)

	Presidential Citizens Medal - Presidential Citizens Medal Recipient Irene Morgan
		Irene Morgan's case eventually ended up with the Supreme Court ruling that segregation on interstate buses was illegal.
		When Irene Morgan boarded a bus for Baltimore in the summer of 1944, she took the first step on a journey that would change America forever.
		Irene Morgan was feeling poorly the muggy July morning when her refusal to bow to bigotry would alter history.
	www.citizensmedal.com /IreneMorgan.htm (2422 words)

	Irene Morgan and 'Jim Crow': On the frontline of history - NJVoices: Linda Stamato
		Morgan's act of defiance began on a bus as she was traveling alone, by all accounts, to her home in Baltimore, Maryland, from a visit to her mother in Gloucester County, Virginia.
		Morgan was arrested and pleaded guilty to resisting arrest (she paid a $100 fine) but refused to pay a $10 fine for violating the law requiring segregated seating in public transportation.
		Six decades after Irene Morgan got on that bus in Gloucester County, Virginia, she was honored--at the occasion of the county's 350th anniversary--which is where she lived her final years of life.
	blog.nj.com /njv_linda_stamato/2007/08/irene_morgan_and_jim_crow_on_t.html (578 words)

	[No title]
		Irene Morgan learned of this plague in the Bradley County Court House from Anita Green prior to the 1998 Crye family reunion held in Wisconsin.
		Irene planned to attend the 1999 Crye reunion held in nearby Blount County, TN and this gave her an opportunity to view the plaque herself.
		Irene was contacted to obtain her permission to post the picture of her paper copy of the plaque.
	members.tripod.com /~archaeology/BradleyPlaque.html (551 words)

	Irene Morgan
		Irene Morgan was sent to a doctor in Baltimore.
		Irene Morgan rode a bus from Virginia to Baltimore.
		Irene Morgan was told she had to give her seat to white people.
	www.educationalsynthesis.org /famamer/Morgan.html (74 words)

	Oxygen Systems
		Morgan Aero was founded in 1964 by Virgil and Irene Morgan.
		Morgan Brothers continued to develop unique large load trucks and trailers for Boeing until the truck dealership was sold in 1991.
		Morgan Brothers also performed contract work on the new Boeing Everett fuel farm, designed and built the first 747 fuel hydrant flow test units and designed and manufactured the first 767 computer controlled hydrant flow test units for new aircraft test and certification.
	www.morganaero.com /pages/history.html (699 words)

	Irene Morgan - Hero Workshop
		Irene Morgan was born the sixth of nine children into a Seventh-day Adventist family in Baltimore.
		She was heading to Baltimore on a Greyhound bus to see a doctor when she was told to give up her seat in the "coloured" section so a white couple could sit down.
		She was fined for resisting arrest, to which she plead guilty, and for not giving up her seat, which she fought all he way to the Supreme Court and won.
	thejanuscenter.com /heroworkshop/heromorgan.htm (244 words)

	Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, 90, Rights Pioneer - New York Times
		Morgan, a worker in a plant that made World War II bombers and the mother of two small children, was returning to her home in Baltimore aboard a Greyhound bus in July 1944 after a visit to her mother in Gloucester County, Va.
		Morgan's bus was traveling from Virginia to Maryland -- represented an unconstitutional burden on the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce and that it threatened free movement across state lines.
		She is survived by her daughter, Brenda Morgan Bacquie of Hayes, and her son, Sherwood Morgan Jr., of Dover, Del., from her marriage to Sherwood Morgan Sr., who died in 1948; her sisters Justine Walker, of Baltimore, and James Ethel Laforest, of Upper Marlboro, Md.; five grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9A00E6D81039F930A2575BC0A9619C8B63 (733 words)

	TimesDispatch.com \| Irene Morgan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The difference is that Irene Morgan's act of courage occurred in Virginia in 1944, 11 years before Rosa Parks' arrest, which sparked a 381-day bus boycott in Montgomery, Ala.
		Morgan could have quietly paid the fine, but she appealed her case, and her lawyers took it all the way to the Supreme Court.
		Morgan's story has been mostly overlooked by history books, but she has been collecting honors in the past few years.
	www.timesdispatch.com /servlet/Satellite?pagename=RTD/MGArticle/RTD_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1031771154358&path=%21news%21blackhistory&s=1058750353270 (622 words)

	PROFILE: Irene Morgan - Black History Profiles from the Richmond Times-Dispatch - inRich.com
		The difference is that Irene Morgan's act of courage occurred in Virginia in 1944, 11 years before Rosa Parks' arrest, which sparked a 381-day bus boycott in Montgomery, Ala.
		Morgan could have quietly paid the fine, but she appealed her case, and her lawyers took it all the way to the Supreme Court.
		But perhaps the most irrefutable sign that Irene Morgan is a permanent part of U.S. history came when Morgan saw "Jeopardy" host Alex Trebeck asking a question about her on the show.
	www.inrich.com /cva/ric/news/blackhistory.apx.-content-articles-RTD-special-0574.html (623 words)

	www.morganhistory.homestead.com - pafg19.htm - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Leo A. Blatter (Bertha Irene Morgan, William Leo, Samuel, Samuel, Stephen) was born in Feb 1951.
		Jeffery Blatter (Bertha Irene Morgan, William Leo, Samuel, Samuel, Stephen) was born in Jan 1956.
		Timothy Morgan Rowold was born on 23 Oct 1963.
	www.morganhistory.homestead.com /files/pafg19.htm (552 words)

	Irene Morgan Who (Site not responding. Last check: )
		While Portugal was Morgan under the dominion of Spain, Brazil was attacked by the Dutch, who got possession Irene morgan who of seven of the fourteen provinces into which Morgan it Irene morgan who is divided.
		Towards the end of the fifteenth, and Irene during the greater part of the sixteenth century, Spain and Portugal were the two great naval powers upon the ocean; for though the commerce of Venice extended to every part of Europe, its fleets had scarce ever sailed beyond the Mediterranean.
		The Swedes established themselves in New Irene who Jersey; and Irene morgan the number of Swedish families still to be found there sufficiently demonstrates that this colony was very likely to prosper had it been protected Irene morgan who by the mother Irene morgan who country.
	tarazed.supox.com /article/irene%20morgan%20who.html (552 words)

	LongmontFYI Obituary-Morgan, Irene Joan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Throughout her adult life, Irene worked in a variety of jobs, but the one she loved the most was working with the elderly as a certified nurse’s aide in a nursing home in Lovell until she retired in 1999.
		Irene was a member of the Veterans of Foreign Wars Auxiliary.
		Irene was preceded in death by her parents; her husband, Earl Morgan; two sisters, Janice Eckberg and Nadine Brophy; and her little buddy, a poodle, Megan.
	www.longmontfyi.com /obituaries/obituary-story.asp?ID=1856 (269 words)

	Jim Crow Barred in Interstate Bus
		Irene Morgan, a Negro, had been arrested and fined $10 when she refused to change seats on request of a bus driver.
		Justice Burton said that on the precedent of the Morgan case, the laws of ten States requiring segregation might be invalidated because they were not uniform; and contrastingly the laws of the eighteen States prohibiting segregation might be questioned because they were not similar.
		While the Irene Morgan decision was regarded as of the utmost importance, its impact upon the nine other States demanding racial segregation was not immediately clear.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/national/race/060446race-ra.html (656 words)

	Democratic Central:: Civil rights pioneer Irene Morgan Kirkaldy dies
		In July, 1944, Irene Morgan, an African-American woman, was taking a Greyhound bus from her mother's home in Gloucester County to Baltimore.
		Morgan to move to the back of the bus was an unconstitutional burden to interstate buses.
		Morgan's actions also inspired the first Freedom Ride in 1947, when 16 civil-rights activists rode buses and trains through the South to test the law enunciated in her Supreme Court case.
	www.democraticcentral.com /showDiary.do?diaryId=754 (498 words)

	on coffee: Irene Morgan
		Irene Morgan (1917 – August 10, 2007), later known as Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, was an important predecessor to Rosa Parks in the successful fight to overturn segregationist laws in the United States.
		Like the more famous Parks, but 11 years earlier, in 1944, the 27-year-old Baltimore-born Morgan was arrested and jailed for refusing to give up her seat on an interstate Greyhound bus to a white person.
		Morgan's story has been mostly overlooked by history books, but she has been collecting honors in the past few years since 1995, when she appeared in a public television documentary about her case and the Journey of Reconciliation.
	oncoffee.blogspot.com /2007/08/irene-morgan.html (315 words)

	IRENE MORGAN (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Irene Morgan era un precursore importante ai parchi del Rosa nella lotta riuscita per capovolgere le leggi di segregationist negli Stati Uniti.
		Come i parchi più famosi, ma 11 anno più in anticipo, 27 anni Morgan sono stati arrestati ed imprigionato stati affinchè rifiutare diano in su la sua sede su un bus del greyhound ad una persona bianca.
		Caso del Morgan contribuito per ispirare i primi giri di libertà, durante cui 16 activists di diritti civili hanno guidato sui bus e sui treni da uno stato all'altro per sfidare il defiance del sud della Corte suprema.
	www.facteri.com /wiki/it/ir/Irene%20Morgan.htm (307 words)

	The Freedom Rider a Nation Nearly Forgot (washingtonpost.com)
		Irene Morgan was feeling poorly the muggy July morning when her refusal to bow to bigotry would alter history.
		Morgan drifted in and out of high school, depending on whether she had a job cleaning houses, washing clothes or caring for the children of white people.
		As Morgan gets the recognition that so long eluded her, it may be tempting to consider her a remarkable woman for one long-ago heroic act.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A3740-2000Jul29 (2075 words)

	Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, 90; won early battle against bus laws - Los Angeles Times
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, whose defiance of bus segregation laws – more than a decade before Rosa Parks’ landmark case – helped lay the foundation for later civil rights victories, died Friday at her home in Hayes, Va. She was 90.
		On this day, Morgan found herself sitting directly in front of a pair of whites, even though she was in the third row from the back.
		Morgan was thrilled by the victory, but it was largely ignored by bus companies, which treated the decision “as if it did not exist,” James Peck, one of the organizers of the 1947 freedom ride, wrote.
	articles.latimes.com /2007/aug/14/local/me-kirkaldy14 (1405 words)

	The Real Cost of Prisons Weblog: Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, 90, Rights Pioneer, Dies
		Morgan’s bus was traveling from Virginia to Maryland — represented an unconstitutional burden on the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce and that it threatened free movement across state lines.
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, who was born and reared in Baltimore, lived on Long Island and ran a child-care center in Queens with her second husband, Stanley Kirkaldy.
		In 2000, Gloucester County, where Irene Morgan got on that bus six decades earlier, and where she lived in her final years, honored her on its 350th anniversary.
	realcostofprisons.org /blog/archives/2007/08/irene_morgan_ki.html (740 words)

	Irene Morgan Kirkaldy; predecessor to Rosa Parks in fight against segregation \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy; predecessor to Rosa Parks in fight against segregation
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, who died of Alzheimer's disease Aug. 10 at her home in Gloucester, Va., quietly changed history in 1944 when she refused to give up her seat on a crowded Greyhound bus to a white couple.
		Irene Morgan was born April 9, 1917, in Baltimore, the sixth of nine children in a Seventh-day Adventist family.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20070819/news_lz1j19irene.html (796 words)

	Irene Morgan :: Andrews University
		Morgan was arrested and her case went to the Supreme Court in 1946.
		When Harris read about Morgan's story in the Washington Post, she was puzzled as to why Americans haven't heard of Irene Morgan.
		His sermon, "Who Was Irene Morgan" opened with a clip Harris provided from the Biography Channel of Harry Smith interviewing the delightful Irene Morgan about her experience.
	www.andrews.edu /cas/comm/news/irenemorgan.html (232 words)

	Frost Illustrated: The original 'Freedom Rider,' Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, dies at 90
		B A LT I M O R E (NNPA)-Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, a belatedly- recognized pioneer in the civil disobedience movement, died Aug. 10 at her daughter's home in Gloucester, Va. She was 90.
		After Morgan refused to relinquish her seat, the driver directed the bus to the town of Saluda, stopping outside the jail, where a sheriff's deputy boarded the bus with a warrant for Morgan's arrest.
		Irene Morgan Kirkaldy is survived by her children, Sherwood Morgan and Brenda Morgan Bacquie; five grandchildren, Aleah Bacquie Vaughn, Shoshanna Bacquie Walden, Janine Bacquie, Deborah Morgan-Barrax and Nechesa Morgan; daughter-in-law Teresa Morgan and son-in-law Gerald Barrax; two sisters, James (Jim) Laforest and Justine Walker; greatgrandchildren, other family and friends.
	www.frostillustrated.com /atf.php?sid=1942 (1194 words)

	Woman who fought racial bus rules dies - Race & ethnicity- msnbc.com
		GLOUCESTER, Va. - Irene Morgan Kirkaldy, a fl woman whose refusal to give up her bus seat to white passengers led to a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision more than a decade before Rosa Parks gained recognition for doing the same, has died at 90.
		Kirkaldy, born Irene Morgan in Baltimore in 1917, was arrested in 1944 for refusing to give up her seat on a Greyhound bus heading from Gloucester to Baltimore, and for resisting arrest.
		Her case was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court by an NAACP lawyer named Thurgood Marshall, who later became the first fl justice on the high court.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/20249884 (768 words)

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