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Topic: Irish nationalism

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	Irish nationalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Irish nationalism is particularly associated with the Roman Catholic community, especially in Northern Ireland, where the terms "Catholic" and "nationalist" are used interchangeably.
		One manifestation of this was the introduction of compulsory Irish language in education and for all civil and public servants.
		The Irish Free State left the British Commonwealth in 1949 and declared itself to be the Republic of Ireland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Irish_nationalism (6997 words)

	"Against the Red Flag" : Socialism and Irish Nationalism 1830 - 1913
		Irish nationalism, as it developed in the 19th and early 20th centuries was an eclectic mixture of aspects of various political doctrines, not necessarily of Irish origin, which were gradually amalgamated in different forms by the groups who adopted a policy of Irish independence.
		Irish nationalist leaders were terrified that workers would become aware of this fact and thus the true nature of their oppression had to be clouded in myths which attempted to explain the foreignness of capitalism and to promote the belief that Irish leaders and employers would not exploit their fellow Irish workers.
		The Irish Worker goes on to allege that the councillor responsible for tabling this motion was the organiser of scabs during the strike.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/cc1913/flag.html (7706 words)

	Irish Nationalism
		One of the devastating results of the shutting out of the Irish Catholic majority from participation in political and economic life until the 19th century was that "Ireland came to occupy a different period of time to that occupied by England;" what Brian Cleeve refers to as the "time-warp factor" (16).
		Though Yeats acknowledges those who became national martyrs, it is clear the poet is disturbed not only by the violence they engaged in but by the level of their sacrifice which in a very real way transcended language.
		Such a process is the heart that circulates the life-blood of a culture and the dominant theme of nationalism that Irish literature explores and reflects in all its facets is proof of the culture's continuing vitality.
	www.cyberpat.com /shirlsite/essays/Irish.html (3661 words)

	Irish nationalism and violence, background
		Due to rapid social change the usage of Irish had declined sharply; before the famine it was spoken by, perhaps, half of Ireland’s population but by the late 19th century it seemed in danger of becoming merely an academic subject.
		Its activities included the provision of Irish classes, organising of Irish speaking social gatherings, publication of a newspaper, sponsoring of Irish verse and prose and the mounting of campaigns to have the language integrated into the national educational system.
		He was also determined that, in order to crush militant nationalism, those who had surrendered with them, and their suspected supporters, should be arrested and their arms seized in a nationwide sweep by soldiers, supported by police.
	falcon.arts.cornell.edu /dg78/100.3/documents/ira1.htm (6180 words)

	Irish Democrat : Connolly Column : The Irish flag
		For generations the shamrock was banned as a national emblem of Ireland, but in her extremity England uses the shamrock as a means for exciting in foolish Irishmen loyalty to England.
		The national press of Ireland, the true national press, uncorrupted and unterrified, has largely succeeded in turning back the tide of demoralisation, and opening up the minds of the Irish public to a realisation of the truth about the position of their country in the war.
		The national press of Ireland is a real flag of freedom flying for Ireland despite the enemy, but it is well that also there should fly in Dublin the green flag of this country as a rallying point of our forces and embodiment of all our hopes.
	www.irishdemocrat.co.uk /connolly/irish-flag (784 words)

	The Nationalism Project: Ireland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Irish Labour Party: "The Labour Party was founded in 1912 in Clonmel by James Connolly, James Larkin and William O'Brien as the political wing of the Irish Trade Union Congress.
		Irish Nationalism in California: An interesting undergraduate thesis focusing on Irish Nationalists in the Bay Area.
		The National Archives of Ireland Homepage: The National Archives was established on 1 June 1988.
	www.nationalismproject.org /links/ireland.htm (948 words)

	THE EVOLUTION OF IRISH REVOLUTIONARY NATIONALISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		As well as the underlying conflict between the fundamental principles of nationalism and socialism, which, even after they had agreed on a joint revolutionary ideology, raised tensions between Pearse and Connolly which have led to the kind of doubts about the strength of their compact which were raised by R. Foster.
		The Irish Citizen Army, formed at the bitter end of the 1913 Lockout, was an attempt to redress that shortcoming, and a step further towards the possibility of armed insurrection.
		and to secure that end would vest in that free Irish nation all property rights as against the claims of the individual, with the end in view that the individual may be enriched by the nation and not by the spoiling of his fellows.
	www.pearsecom.com /1916/dissertation.htm (9970 words)

	THE BLANKET * Index: Current Articles
		The fundamental point is that their analysis of nationalism was always put in terms of (a) the strategic interests of the working class, and thus always emphasised (b) the relation between nationalism and democracy.
		If it is not that of the proletariat, the nationalism will be that of the ruling classes that conceive their own interest as those of the entire nation.
		Nationalism is a potent mobilising agent and the necessary framework for the transition to socialism in societies dominated by imperialism.
	lark.phoblacht.net /marxenglenlor921g.html (1324 words)

	Peel & Repeal - Irish Nationalism in Wake of Famine
		The Fall 1845 potato blight of Ireland, because of the poor Irish population's reliance on the potato as a staple, quickly escalated to pre-famine and famine conditions.
		Because a vast majority of the Irish population lived in an extreme form of poverty from which there was little recourse, young people were encouraged to marry early.
		Although in Irish mythology much blame is heaped upon the British government for its failures to act in a generous manner, the private papers and records of genuinely good men tell a different story.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Aegean/7023/peel.html (3744 words)

	Irish Republicanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Irish Republicanism is an ideology based on the Irish nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a single independent republic, whether as a unitary state, a federal state or as a confederal arrangement.
		Irish republicanism was born in the late eighteenth century.
		Irish Republican Socialist Party The IRSP was founded by Seamus Costello in 1974, who possibly had an eye towards James Connolly's Irish Socialist Republican Party of the late 19th/early 20th century when coining the party's name.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Irish_Republicanism (2116 words)

	Irish FAQ: History [5/10] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		From: irish-faq@pobox.com (Irish FAQ Maintainer) Sender: cpm@enteract.com (Christian Murphy) Newsgroups: soc.culture.irish Subject: Irish FAQ: History [5/10] Summary: of a summary of a summary Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1999 02:10:02 GMT Message-ID: Archive-name: cultures/irish-faq/part05 Last-modified: 17 Jul 99 Posting-Frequency: monthly URL: http://www.enteract.com/~cpm/irish-faq/ Part five of ten.
		(Nationalism became a force throughout Europe in the mid nineteenth century, leading for example to the creation of Italy and Germany as nation states for the first time.) But there was a complicating factor.
		Stormont, as the Northern Irish government and parliament were known, was suspended (later to be abolished) and direct rule from London was introduced by the British Prime Minister, Ted Heath.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/cultures/irish-faq/part05 (2985 words)

	Irish Nationalism - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Irish Nationalism, in general, the struggle for national freedom in Ireland against the domination of England (latterly Great Britain).
		Ireland, National University of (Gaelic, Ollscoil na hÉireann), federal institution of higher learning, with its seat in Dublin.
		National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin, situated in Merrion Square, Dublin, and opened in 1864.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Irish_Nationalism.html (99 words)

	Notre Dame Pi Sigma Alpha
		Religious-rooted nationalism was growing and although Tone had paved the way for politicization, a new nationalist leader, Daniel O’Connell, was to emerge in the early nineteenth century.
		A growth or shift in the Irish understanding of nationalism occurred at this time due to the ethnicity-based prejudice of imperial post-famine policy and the effects of this policy on the socio-economic climate of Ireland.
		That is, the Irish were starting to realize not only that imperial discrimination was based upon religion, but it was also based on ethnicity as a whole, and the fact that the British believed their ethnic group to be superior.
	www.nd.edu /~ndpsa/papers/frost.html (4975 words)

	Racists are no Friends of the Union - Scotch-Irish / Ulster-Scots Forums
		Discrimination, intimidation and physical attacks on British citizens and foreign nationals living in Northern Ireland, because of their colour or ethnic background, are an affront to all who cherish the principles of civil and religious liberty and equal citizenship within the Union.
		At a time when Irish nationalists are seeking by all means possible to give up their British citizenship, and to force non-nationalists to relinquish theirs, it is ironic that so-called ‘British’ nationalists are hell-bent on forcing existing British citizens out of Northern Ireland and preventing those who wish to take out citizenship from doing so.
		The Irish News last week reported that the attacks may have been motivated by more than racism and were also an attempt by loyalist groups to prevent a witness giving evidence against one of their members.
	www.scotchirish.net /forum/index.php?showtopic=1088 (4627 words)

	Paul Cockshott and Bill Warren versus Irish nationalism
		If his hatred for Irish nationalism is any indication of what he has to say on broader questions of "the periphery," then I'm not very hopeful.
		In contrast, the Irish republicans have always argued that there is only one nation in Ireland, that everyone on the isalnd belongs to it, regardless of their ancestry or when their ancestors arrived in Ireland.
		It is, argue republicans, British intervention in Ireland which prevents the full formation of this nation and keeps the Unionists (mainly Prods) in the north-east tied to Britain and pretending they are British, ie keeps them as an alienated section of the Irish nation.
	www.marxmail.org /archives/january99/cockshott.htm (1830 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: O'Connell: Justice for Ireland, 1836
		Nationalism took was had both reactionary and liberating aspects.
		As a political ideology it could proclaim one nation superior to others, or it could provide method of analysis and organization against oppression.
		O'Connell's repeated success in winning election in 1828, persuaded the British prime minister - the Duke of Wellington - that reform was necessary, and the Catholic Emancipation Act was passed in 1829, and O'Connell became a Member of Parliament.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/1836oconnell.html (1206 words)

	The Nationalism Project: Suggested Readings About Irish Nationalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Irish Nationalism: A History of Its Roots and Ideology.
		The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism.
		The English Face of Irish Nationalism: Parnellite Involvement in British Politics, 1880-86.
	www.nationalismproject.org /suggested/ireland.html (137 words)

	The Simpsons Archive: Irish References On The Simpsons
		Lisa's T-shirt: I Kissed the Balmoweloud is analogous to Irish "I kissed the Blarney Stone" T-shirts.
		Milhouse says "It the wearin' of the Green, Bart" "The Wearin' of the Green" is an Irish ballad about how wearing the color green was a jailable offense during the 18th century as an illegal sign of Irish nationalism and rebellion against the British.
		Irish dancing is a big craze in Europe and the United States (shown on PBS).
	www.snpp.com /guides/irish.refs.html (1282 words)

	MICHAEL COLLINS - AN IRISH REBEL
		In London Michael Collins associated with the Irish community and became keenly aware of the history of Irish nationalism.
		By 1915 he had risen though the ranks of the London branch of the IRB and was aware of the increasing tension in Dublin between the various factions of republicanism.
		He also joined the Gaelic League, an organisation that stressed the use of the Irish language as another means of nationalistic expression.
	www.irishtreats.com /Michael_Collins.htm (405 words)

	Change of Software? - Irish Nationalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		If it be treason to fight against such an unnatural fate as this, then I am proud to be a rebel, and shall cling to my 'rebellion' with the last drop of my blood." - Sir Roger Casement made from the dock of the Old Bailey.
		These agencies, whether Irish Language movements, Literary Societies or Commemoration Committees, are undoubtedly doing a work of lasting benefit to this country in helping to save from extinction the precious racial and national history, language and characteristics of our people.
		Against the Red Flag of Communism...we raise the flag of an Irish nation.
	www.irish-nationalism.net /forum/showthread.php?t=335 (2056 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism: Books: Robert Kee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Ranging from the Protestant Plantations, thorugh Wolfe Tone and the great famine, to the founding of the Fenian Movement and the Irish Free State, Robert Kee's comprehensive history of Irish Nationalism is a useful work for anyone attempting to understand the complex historical forces that have shaped Ireland.
		He only just fails to hide the ridicule he feels for the noble sacrifice of 1916, when brave Irish souls fought for their own people, instead of giving their lives for nothing in a capitalist-imperialist war, dying for a country that had oppressed them for over 400 years.
		As an Englishman I have taken an interest in Irish history in an attempt to understand why things have ended up as they are.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Green-Flag-History-Irish-Nationalism/dp/0140291652 (1089 words)

	OOPS!! Did I Say THAT???
		You cannot claim to be an Irish nationalist if you consent to an internal six county settlement and if you are willing to negotiate the state of Irish society with a foreign government."
		Indeed, the term - 'constitutional nationalism'- used by Mr.Mallon (SDLP) and his colleagues to describe their political philosophy is a contradiction in terms.
		Irish nationalism within British constitutionality is a contradiction in terms."
	www.irishfreedomcommittee.net /HISTORY/oops.htm (666 words)

	Amazon.com: The American Irish and Irish Nationalism: Books: Seamus P. Metress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The American Irish have traditionally participated in Irish national liberation struggles, an involvement stretching back to the 1840s.
		Seamus P. Metress teaches courses in Irish Studies at the University of Toledo where he is professor of Anthropology.
		He has spent part of the last eleven summers in Northeast Ireland studying the struggle between Irish nationalists and the British.
	www.amazon.com /American-Irish-Nationalism/dp/0810830590 (629 words)

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