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Topic: Irish Republicanism

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	Physical force Irish republicanism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Physical force Irish republicanism is a term used by historians in Ireland to describe the recurring appearance of non-parliamentary violent insurrection in Ireland between 1798 and the present.
		The tensions between the democratic features of the new Irish Republic proclaimed by the First Dáil, the Army of the Republic (The Irish Republican Army), and the secretive Irish Republican Brotherhood, reached a head in 1921 with the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty which created an independent Irish dominion known as the Irish Free State.
		The Irish Republican Army (1922-1969) and its political wing, Sinn Féin went through periodic splits, most dramatically in 1969 when two IRAs emerged, the Official IRA and the Provisional IRA, along with two Sinn Féins; Sinn Féin - Gardiner Place or Official Sinn Féin and Sinn Féin - Kevin St or Provisional Sinn Féin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Physical_force_Irish_republicanism (864 words)

	[No title]
		The native Irish were governed by the Penal Laws, an apartheid code, which forbade them to own land or horses, practice their religion, participate in government or educate their children.
		Irish Republicans, however--along with the majority of nationalists never accepted Ireland's partition, and they are still fighting for a united, socialist Ireland.
		Irish feminists agitated for reforms in the welfare system for single mothers, for access of women to equal jobs, pay and education, and for legal divorce and contraception.
	www.etext.org /Politics/INAC/irish.women (2373 words)

	[Marxism] Irish Republicanism and Postmodern Pluralism Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In particular, long-term tensions within republican ideology itself, between a left orientated, radical and universalist agenda and that of an ethnically-centred, particularist frame of thinking are being tilted in favour of the latter by a peace process predicated on a view of society best defined as both pluralist and postmodern.
		In other words, the politics of modern Irish republicanism were defined by the very particular circumstances facing working class catholics living in a state that had enmeshed sectarianised social relations into its structures and policies, and that was willing and able to employ its coercive capacity to maintain the same.
		The rhetoric and political projects of Irish republicans can often seem to have little enough in common from one historical period to the next, though certain broad continuities of thought and principle are also evident; that of national self-determination being the most obvious.
	lists.econ.utah.edu /pipermail/marxism/2005-May/025660.html (9883 words)

	Red Action Discussion Page
		The central tenets of Irish republicanism can be described as independence, democracy, and socialism - these are the same objectives the republican movement fought for not only over the last thirty odd years but throughout the last two centuries.
		From the period around the late 1970s and prior to the hunger strikes of 1980/1981 the republican movement realised that military pressure on its own was incapable of moving the Brits far enough to satisfy the initial demand of Irish republicanism - British withdrawal from the occupied north.
		This strategy too failed to deliver the core aims of republicanism and by the 1990s it was apparent to all sides that a stalemate in the conflict had been reached and movement either way - towards the advancement of IRA objectives or British government objectives - was highly unlikely to materilaise.
	www.redaction.org /wwwboard/msgs2/1608.HTM (585 words)

	Samples - Journalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An indication of the extent to which debate on the concept of republicanism has moved on in recent years can be gauged from the heated discussions over the meanings, uses and abuses of the term by a previous generation of political leaders.
		Charles Haughey, the then leader of Fianna Fil, contended that the Irish republicanism to which his party gave allegiance was "the political embodiment of the separatist, national tradition that is central to the freedom and independence of the Irish nation".
		By far the most notable feature of these views on the nature of Irish republicanism is the invoking of nationalist icons, although it is significant that political leaders took refuge with different sets of dead patriots and in different nationalist events.
	www.adverbage.com /samples/journ2.htm (1330 words)

	Workers' Liberty #57 - What is Irish republicanism. September 1999.
		Yet that republicanism, which appeared in Ireland now as the very name of personal and national liberty, was a direct descendant of the republicanism that had confronted the Gaelic-Catholic Irish as a merciless, would-be genocidal force of unrestrained butchery in the 1640s and 1650s.
		When republicanism reemerged in the early 1840s as "Young Ireland" it was, in its philosophy of equality and unity amongst all the Irish, the descendant and heir of the United Irishmen.
		For the republican movements thereafter, that would be the pattern: particular social and political questions and issues, and differing opinions on them, would have to wait on the victory of the "armed struggle".
	archive.workersliberty.org /wlmags/wl57/republic1.htm (8561 words)

	Ireland's OWN History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The fact that there exists within Irish Republicanism a conservative was well as a radical element, and that there is a militarist and elitist tendency as well as a democratic and popular one should of course not be passed over.
		Irish Republicanism shouldn’t be abandoned, it can still be a vehicle for the revolutionary transformation of society today.
		However, despite the historical role of Republicanism and the fact that the tasks of the Irish workers include the realisation of the programme of the revolution that failed in 1916, Republicanism is not equivalent with socialism.
	irelandsown.net /oruairceaster.html (1343 words)

	Morrígan Net: Irish Republicanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Irish republicanism as a political movement traces its roots to the United Irishmen of the 1790s, who were inspired in part by the American and the French Revolutions.
		I identify with a distinct section of this movement, republican socialism, or the idea that the fight for a United Ireland and the fight for socialism are inseparable.
		I'm a member of the Irish Republican Socialist Movement, which is comprised of the Irish Republican Socialist Party, the paramilitary Irish National Liberation Army, the Republican Socialist Prisoners of War, and the Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America.
	www.morrigan.net /irp.htm (345 words)

	Irish Quarterly Review - Studies - Mansergh
		One of the most extraordinary about-turns in Irish history was how in the space of a few months at the start of the Restoration, most Republicans and Commonwealth men suddenly became ardent Royalists in order to preserve and legitimise their confiscations and seizures.
		James II in his political testament warned his son of the Republicans in the North by which he meant the Ulster Scots Presbyterians, and, in Jacobite histories, those described as the Loyalists were the Catholic gentry of Ireland.
		Irish Governments have spent huge efforts in trying to seek redress for abuses of human rights by organs of the state, that rightly created a great deal of indignation, and gave rise to demands for independent enquiries.
	www.jesuit.ie /studies/articles/2000/000909.htm (7012 words)

	[No title]
		Republican socialism differs from this in so far as it is a movement of the working class for the re-organisation of society in the interests of the working class.
		Republicanism at best stands for a socially egalitarian republic, while republican socialism aims to establish the socialist republic as a transitional stage, in which the working class begins to lay the foundations for a truly liberated society and abolish classes.
		The Irish Republican Socialist Movement is thus well placed and has the necessary credibility to renew the republican and socialist projects in Ireland, and ensure that the cause of Ireland and the cause of Labour remain organically tied.
	www.morrigan.net /irsm/plough93.htm (3267 words)

	IRISH REPUBLICANISM
		A detailed chapter outlining the 'gains’ for republicans in this project is both timely and refreshing, and is a valuable antidote for the pessimism generated by the present political crisis.
		Often the Irish eclipses the republican in the movement, but he manages to strike the right balance, although there could be more exposition about what republicanism is.
		Republicanism and the Left, a theme he covered in previous books, is revisited in a succinct and interesting chapter.
	homepage.eircom.net /~mheas/irgfa-r.htm (1321 words)

	[No title]
		Irish republicanism just prior to the 1916 Easter Rising consisted of a bourgeois movement of professionals and intellectuals that blended romantic notions of Gaelic Ireland with traditional rhetoric opposing British rule.
		For all Connolly tried, he was unable to alter the mainstream ideological position within Irish republican politics, and neither he nor Pearse reflected the position of most of their republican colleagues.
		Republican socialists who understood Connolly's legacy would surface later, but at the crucial moment when the Irish working class was faced with a choice, no one spoke up for Labour.
	larkspirit.com /general/connolly.html (6322 words)

	Workers' Liberty #58 - What is Irish republicanism. October 1999.
		Republicans are jailed in the Curragh Internment Camp, and subjected to courts martial which impose the death penalty.
		In 26 County schools and in the official ideology of the state, Irish Nationalism and Catholicism are taught as virtually facets of one religion - the cause of Ireland is the cause of Catholicism and the cause of Catholicism is the cause of Ireland.*
		Many Republicans are locked up in Northern Ireland and, in 1957, when the leader of political Republicanism, De Valera, comes back to power after three years in opposition, internment is reintroduced in the 26 Counties.
	archive.workersliberty.org /wlmags/wl58/republic2.htm (6879 words)

	New book by Alan Woods on Irish Republicanism
		Irish Republicanism is in crisis and not for the first time.
		That party was the Irish Republican Socialist Party, a party I have the privilege of being a member of.
		That Republicanism must not be confused with those who pander to nationalism and tried to build a pan-nationalist front with the enemies of the working class.
	www.marxist.com /Europe/gerry_ruddy_introduction.htm (1385 words)

	Beyond the Pale
		Connolly's contribution to the movement for the social emancipation of the Irish working class cannot be overestimated, and his profound analysis of the relationship between national liberation and socialism in colonized nations serves as an important contribution to the literature of international Marxism.
		Irish socialists joined with their comrades from many nations in the International Brigades of the Spanish Civil War: some 145 volunteers, mostly trade unionists and IRA members, formed the Connolly Column, fighting alongside the Abraham Lincoln Brigade against the Fascist forces of Generalissimo Franco.
		One way that the Republican and Republican Socialist movements were able to revive the mass movement and rebuild morale was to focus on the struggle in the prisons.
	www.irsm.org /history/beyondthepale.html (18271 words)

	THE BLANKET * Index: Current Articles
		We declare the right of the people of Ireland to the ownership of Ireland, and to the unfettered control of Irish destinies, to be sovereign and indefeasible.
		The second reason is there is a democratic content within Republicanism that has not yet exhausted itself.
		We could characterise Irish Republicanism in the same way Jurgen Habermas characterised modernity : 'an incomplete project.' Irish Republicanism shouldn’t be abandoned - it can still be a vehicle for the revolutionary transformation of society today.
	lark.phoblacht.net /whydowe.html (1079 words)

	Irish History: Irish Republican History and Information
		The Irish Republican Army: Heroes Unifying a Nation
		Irish Republican Socialist Movement: Twenty Years of Struggle (History of the IRSM)
		If you experience a dead link or know if a link has changed, please let us know at jad@nospam.larkspirit.com (take out "nospam." to email) so we can look for the new address, or correct it if you supply us with the new url.
	larkspirit.com /history/repubhist.html (380 words)

	Selected Conference Papers
		“The United Irishmen and the Gendered Citizen,” sponsored by the Irish Government’s 1798 Commemoration Committee and the Consul general of Ireland, New York City, March 1998.
		Annual Irish Forum, “The Irish Rebellion of 1798: Causes and Consequences,” Irish American Heritage Center, Chicago, Illinois, October 1997.
		"The republican synthesis in Ireland: the ideological origins of the United Irish movement in the 1790s," delivered at the Columbia University Seminar on Irish Studies, New York, January 1991.
	www.fordham.edu /history/Curtin/selected_conference_papers.htm (614 words)

	Alexander Billet: Irish Republicanism at the Crossroads
		The Sinn Fein president is coming under increasing pressure to separate from the Irish Republican Army after the killing of Robert McCartney, a Catholic father of two from Derry, which involved senior members of the IRA.
		Republican Senator George Mitchell, a main player in the negotiations that led to the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, has also had harsh words for Adams and Sinn Fein.
		This represents a fundamental contradiction in the philosophy of Irish Republicanism.
	www.counterpunch.org /billet03172005.html (4166 words)

	Sinn Féin: Rioters misused name of Irish Republicanism - Crowe
		Sinn Féin warns Irish and British Governments in advance of discussions
		Those who took part misused the name of Irish republicanism and Irish nationalism but they were anything but Irish republicans or Irish nationalists in the real sense.
		The events in Dublin city centre last Saturday were an absolute disgrace.
	www.sinnfein.ie /news/detail/13280 (994 words)

	Irish Rebels!
		Welcome to the front page of the Irish Rebels Page.
		If you are not interested in Irish Republicanism on the web, you are in the wrong place and you should go
		If you are interested in learning more about the fight for civil rights in Ireland, the reunification process of the island, and becoming a web activist, continue to the
	www.geocities.com /CollegePark/Theater/4698 (115 words)

	LINKS - Irish Freedom Committee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Irish Freedom Committee® is a wholly US-based organization with no foreign principal.
		Please see our Irish History page for more links to specific historical topics
		- Daily updates: Irish history, Irish politics - from today and yesterday
	members.freespeech.org /irishpows/links.htm (92 words)

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