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Topic: Iron overload disorder

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	SLUCare \|\|The Physicians of Saint Louis University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Hereditary Hemochromatosis, referred to as HH, is an inherited autosomal recessive disease characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption with subsequent storage of the iron in parenchymal cells.
		In uncomplicated HH, hepatic iron deposition is found in a characteristic distribution in which increased iron deposits are seen in periportal hepatocytes with a decreasing gradient to the pericentral hepatocytes.
		The HII is the ratio of the hepatic iron concentration (measured biochemically) to the age of the patient.
	www.slucare.edu /pathology/index.php?page=disorders (1328 words)

	Iron
		Iron must be in ferrous form to be absorbed and the hydrochloric acid of the stomach converts ferric iron to ferrous iron.
		Iron levels tend to be lower in people with chronic disease as the body's needs are higher and normal dietary intake may not be sufficient to meet the body's needs.
		Iron supplements are used to treat cases of iron deficiency anemia, generalized itching and impaired mental performance in the young.
	www.jctonic.com /include/minerals/iron.htm (4595 words)

	Alex Vasquez: INFORMATION ON IRON OVERLOAD
		A family history of, or suggestive of, a hereditary iron overload condition: family history of iron overload, hereditary anemia or iron-loading anemia, cardiac disorders or "heart disease", arthritis, diabetes, neurologic disorders, liver disease, impotence, amenorrhea, sterility.
		Intermediate between normal/healthy iron status and severe iron overload, moderate iron overload is associated with increased incidence of cancer and heart disease (heart attack and stroke).
		The causes of moderate iron overload are related to heredity (i.e., hemochromatosis heterozygosity) and/or lifestyle (alcoholism, high-meat diet) and of course include all of the causes of severe iron overload.
	www.dralexvasquez.com /news/iron.htm (3118 words)

	Hemochromatosis - The Shocking Truth About Iron: Hippocrates Magazine
		Skimp on iron and the result is anemia, a condition that decreases hemoglobin in the blood, which in turn, cheats the body of enough oxygen for proper growth and functioning.
		Since starting the Iron Overload Diseases Association in 1981, Crawford has met or talked to the families of hundreds of seemingly healthy people--many who'd never taken an iron supplement--who became permanently disabled or died in their thirties or forties, a few even younger.
		She could be, but iron deficiency is only one from a long list of underlying problems that can trigger anemia, including vitamin deficiencies, defective hemoglobin, and even iron overload.
	www.ironoverload.org /hippocrates.html (2188 words)

	Hemochromatosis (Haemochromatosis)
		The juvenile form leads to severe iron overload and liver and heart disease in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 15 and 30.
		However, if the iron overload caused by hemochromatosis is diagnosed and treated before organ damage has occurred, a person can live a normal, healthy life.
		Depending on how severe the iron overload is, a pint of blood will be taken once or twice a week for several months to a year.
	www.stomach-fitness.com /hemochromatosis.html (1535 words)

	Iron overload disorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In medicine, iron overload disorders are diseases caused by the accumulation of iron in the body.
		Type 3: Hereditary iron overload associated to mutations in the transferrin receptor 2 gene (Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 604250)
		The part-genetic, part-environmental syndrome known as African iron overload in sub-Sahara Africa (Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 601195)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iron_overload_disorder (201 words)

	African iron overload - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		African iron overload, formerly known as Bantu siderosis, is an iron overload disorder first observed among people of African descent in Southern Africa.
		Originally, this was blamed on ungalvanised barrels used to store home-made beer, which led to increased oxidation and increased iron levels in the beer.
		Iron overload in Africans and African-Americans and a common mutation in the SCL40A1 (ferroportin 1) gene.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/African_iron_overload (170 words)

	Iron Disorders Institute - About Iron
		Iron is mineral that can be found in plants, animals, soil, air, water, meteorites, and rocks, including ones found on the surface of the moon.
		Iron is primarily absorbed in a portion of the small intestine called the duodenum.
		Iron Disorders Institute Scientific Advisory Board recommends that whenever possible iron should be gotten from food and not from supplements, unless a person is determined to be iron deficient by his or her physician.
	www.irondisorders.org /Disorders/about.asp (9004 words)

	Hemosiderosis and Iron Overload
		Iron overload due to ferroportin disease is caused by mutations in the gene responsible for ferroportin production, a protein that exports iron from body cells.
		This localized iron overload results in pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lungs), anemia and, in rare occasions, death due to pulmonary hemorrhage.
		Instead, transfusional iron overload is treated with chelation therapy, which uses synthetic compounds and body proteins to extract iron from the blood.
	www.about-blood-disorders.com /iron-disorders/hemosiderosis.php (842 words)

	Iron Metabolism Gene Is Mutated In Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload) Disorder - HUM-MOLGEN news
		Iron Metabolism Gene Is Mutated In Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload) Disorder - HUM-MOLGEN news
		Iron Metabolism Gene Is Mutated In Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload) Disorder
		Hemochromatosis can be inherited - caused by mutations in the genes essential to iron metabolism, some (but not all) of which have been identified - and the condition is quite common, found in nearly one of 200 individuals of Northern European descent.
	hum-molgen.org /NewsGen/07-2001/000010.html (292 words)

	HHMI Bulletin: Iron Devotion
		In one line of research, Andrews and her colleagues are gaining new insights into an ancient iron-overload disorder, HFE-associated hemochromatosis, that originated some 2,000 years ago as a mutation at a single point on a gene carried by a Celtic man or woman.
		Experiments with these mice have revealed, for example, that iron buildup in the animals is caused by increased iron flux through the usual absorption pathway and not by the activation of some alternative pathway—information that could eventually prove useful in devising treatment strategies.
		The liver tumors, it seemed, were producing something that interfered with iron absorption and recycling, and the researchers speculated that this same substance might have a role in anemia of chronic disease as well.
	www.hhmi.org /bulletin/mar2002/andrews/andrews2.html (1551 words)

	Haemochromatosis An Iron Overload Disorder - Patient UK
		Haemochromatosis, or GH (Genetic Haemochromatosis), is a genetic disorder causing the body to absorb an excessive amount of iron from the diet: the iron is then deposited in various organs, mainly the liver, but also the pancreas, heart, endocrine glands, and joints.
		Excess iron will continue to be absorbed so the individual will need occasional venesections (maintenance therapy), on average every 3 to 4 months, for the rest of his or her life.
		The rate of iron absorption from red meat is 20 to 30% whereas vegetables and grains have less iron and a 1 to 20% rate of absorption.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/27000756 (2050 words)

	SLC40A1 - Genetics Home Reference
		Iron from the diet is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine.
		The iron balance in the body is regulated by the amount of iron stored and released from these cells.
		As a result, the regulation of iron levels in the body is impaired and iron overload results.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /gene=slc40a1 (612 words)

	Nancy Andrews
		Iron deficiency typically presents with anemia, caused by dietary iron insufficiency or ongoing blood loss.
		Iron is a large, charged ion that cannot freely cross lipid-rich cellular membranes.
		In contrast, DMT1 is not necessary for iron transfer across the placenta or for iron uptake by macrophages or liver cells.
	www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/andrews.html (1046 words)

	Hemochromatosis - Genetics Home Reference
		The excess iron is stored in the body's tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints.
		Iron accumulation begins early in life, and symptoms may begin to appear in childhood.
		Most often, the parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder are carriers of one copy of the altered gene but do not show signs or symptoms of the disorder.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=hemochromatosis (908 words)

	USATODAY.com - Iron-overload disorder often goes undiagnosed, too (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The accumulated iron leads to deadly complications such as liver cancer and diabetes in adulthood.
		Testing blood iron levels as a first step might make more sense, but the definition of iron overload varies from lab to lab, Reyes says.
		The study, of 100,000 primary-care patients throughout the USA, is designed to determine the frequency of iron overload and hereditary hemochromatosis and identify other genetic or environmental factors that might influence whether a person at risk for the disease will develop symptoms.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2001-04-02-cystic-iron.htm (396 words)

	index.html
		Iron is needed for production of this particular protein, and the iron in food is absorbed via the small intestine.
		Iron studies are performed, in particular, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin.
		Anyone with disorders including liver disease, cardiomyopathy (weakness of the heart wall), arthritis or impotence should be tested for haemochromatosis.
	www.haemochromatosis.org.au (935 words)

	Genes Can Cause Hemochromatosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		By definition, hereditary hemochromatosis — an iron overload disorder — runs in families: An individual develops the condition by inheriting altered, or mutated, copies of the HFE gene (which regulates iron absorption in our bodies) from his or her parents.
		However, even though the disorder is clearly inherited, it's not always easy to spot a pattern of disease within families who have the mutation.
		Although the majority of people who develop hemochromatosis, or iron overload, do so by inheriting mutations in the HFE gene, there are others ways of acquiring the disorder as well — for example, by taking in excessive amounts of iron via food, vitamins, or medication.
	www.genetichealth.com /HCROM_Hemochromatosis_in_Families.shtml (832 words)

	Hemochromatosis Too Much Iron Is Destroying the Health of Millions
		As iron continues to accumulate the condition of the liver may worsen and other organs may be affected.
		The biggest considerations are not to take medications which contain iron, consume too much alcohol or Vitamin C. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron and has been known to precipitate heart palpitations in those with hemochromatosis.
		Similarly impotence caused by deposition of iron in the hypothalamus/anterior pituitary and causing testicular failure and impotence is usually not reversed by phlebotomy treatment.
	www.disabled-world.com /artman/publish/article_664.shtml (986 words)

	Hemochromatosis in the Family: What to Tell the Relatives about Iron Overload
		If caught in time iron overload is completely treatable and the treatment returns the patient to normal lifespan.
		The test that IOD recommends is called transferrin saturation (TS) or in some labs may be called percentage of saturation.
		IOD presented a research paper to the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta May 2000 which demonstrated that 16% of the U.S. population is at risk for too much iron.
	www.ironoverload.org /relatives.htm (450 words)

	UCI Epidemiology Division
		Hemochromatosis is a potentially fatal disorder caused by abnormally high levels of iron in the body, which can lead to accumulations of iron in vital body organs, causing an increased risk of disorders such as diabetes, arthritis, sexual dysfunction, liver disease and liver cancer, and heart disease.
		The five-year HEIRS study focused on the incidence of iron overload among Caucasians and also examined whether iron overload is common among certain other ethnic groups in the United States and Canada.
		At the start of the study, it was known that most cases of iron overload in Caucasians resulted from a mutation in the hemochromatosis gene, called HFE, which was first discovered in 1996.
	www.epi.uci.edu /index.cfm/go/epi.prFull/ID/18 (1513 words)

	Study finds iron overload disorder common in whites
		The study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine is the first to look at the prevalence of the genetic defect in a broad population of whites.
		Sixteen carried the genetic defect, and all but one of them had an abnormally high level of iron in their blood, according to a test known as serum transferrin saturation.
		That patient had a high level of iron accumulation in her liver, measured indirectly by a different blood test known as serum ferritin and confirmed by a liver biopsy.
	members.tripod.com /~hemochromatose/onderwerpen/nando060999.html (496 words)

	IronToxicity.com - Hereditary Iron Overload Information
		Because the accumulation of iron is a gradual process occurring over decades even in homozygous hemochromatosis, the diagnosis often comes late in the course of the disease, after significant tissue injury has already taken place.
		Among patients with hereditary iron overload it now mainly serves in the evaluation of cirrhosis.
		In aceruloplasminemia, a deficiency in ceruloplasmin prevents adequate oxidization of Fe to Fe, thereby disabling the binding of iron to transferrin (13, 14).
	www.irontoxicity.com /hcp/conditions/hereditary_iron_overload2.jsp (614 words)

	Dissertations from Karolinska Institutet - Published by Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institutet - ki.se
		Mild iron overload in patients carrying the HFE S65C gene mutation: a retrospective study in patients with suspected iron overload and healthy controls.
		Effects of the TNF-alpha and iron overload on the expression of genes involved in iron metabolism in rat hepatocytes.
		Expression of iron regulatory genes in hepatocellular carcinoma in the rat.
	diss.kib.ki.se /2004/91-7140-073-7 (842 words)

	Common iron overload disorder often misdiagnosed, studies show (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		An iron disorder is the most common genetic defect in North America, but is often misdiagnosed and undertreated, according to a new Canadian-led study that puts a spotlight on the condition.
		People with hemachromatosis don't metabolize all the iron in their bodies properly, leading to what can be fatal levels or serious liver scarring.
		Higher iron levels in the blood don't necessarily mean someone has hemachromatosis, since conditions such as hepatitis or inflammation may also show elevated levels.
	www.cbc.ca /story/science/national/2005/04/27/iron-overload050427.html (1299 words)

	Iron Overload - Digestion and digestive-related information on MedicineNet.com
		Hemochromatosis is an inherited disorder of excessive body accumulation of iron.
		Iron deposits in the pituitary gland and testicles cause shrinkage of the testicles and impotence.
		Iron accumulation in the liver causes scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) and an increased risk of developing liver cancer.
	www.medicinenet.com /iron_overload/article.htm (403 words)

	How Genes Cause Hemochromatosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		By definition, hereditary hemochromatosis — an iron overload disorder — runs in families: A person develops the condition by inheriting mutated copies of the HFE gene from his or her parents.
		Even though this disorder is clearly inherited, it's not always easy to spot a pattern of disease within families who have the mutation.
		Some people who have inherited just one HFE gene with the C282Y mutation may be at risk for cardiovascular disease due to the small increases in iron storage it causes.
	www.dnadirect.com /resource/conditions/hfe/GH_Hemo_Genes_Cause.jsp (696 words)

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