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Topic: Irrawaddy dolphin

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	WWF \| Whales and Dolphins \| Irrawaddy
		Irrawaddy dolphins travel in groups of seven to 10 individuals but can often be seen in pairs or trios.
		Irrawaddy dolphins feed on a variety of fish, crustaceans and cephalopods.
		Irrawaddy dolphins are often killed by entanglement in gillnets and by explosives used for fishing.
	www.worldwildlife.org /cetaceans/subspecies/subspecies_i.cfm (235 words)

	CMS: Orcaella brevirostris, Irrawaddy dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Irrawaddy dolphins are discontinuously distributed mostly in the coastal, shallow, brackish, or fresh turbid waters at the mouths of rivers in south-eastern Asia and Australasia.
		As assessment of the present status of Irrawady River dolphin in Chilka lagoon, India, indicates that the deteriorating ecological condition, entangling in gill nets and drag nets, and wanton killing for oil have driven this localised population almost to the brink of extinction.
		According to Hale (1997) the habitats of Irrawaddy dolphins in Australia include estuaries and near-shore coastal areas which are utilised for resource extraction and recreation and have been degraded in many areas as a result of urban, industrial and agricultural development.
	cms.int /reports/small_cetaceans/data/O_brevirostris/O_brevirostris.htm (2705 words)

	Irrawaddy dolphin - Orcaella brevirostris: More Information - ARKive
		Although most closely related to the orca (4), the Irrawaddy dolphin is similar in body form to the beluga whale, but darker in colour, with a pale to dark grey back and a light underside.
		Irrawaddy dolphins are known to spit water to herd fish, and have even been reported to stun large fish with a blow from the lower jaw, only to play with them before casting them aside.
		In some areas of Asia, fishermen consider the Irrawaddy dolphin to be a competitor for fish, but in other areas the fishermen attract them to the boat and encourage them to drive fish into the nets for a share of the catch (2).
	www.arkive.org /species/GES/mammals/Orcaella_brevirostris/more_info.html (807 words)

	AquaNews - The Vancouver Aquarium's Aquatic Environmental News Network
		Irrawaddy dolphins inhabit the coasts, estuaries, and rivers of northern Australasia and southern Asia.
		Irrawaddy dolphins migrate into rivers in the upper Gulf of Thailand, including the Bang Pokang, at the end of the rainy season in December to feed on schools of catfish and small crustaceans.
		The Irrawaddy is often seen as Asia’s ‘Flipper’ — the bottlenose dolphin star of the Miami Seaquarium who received international acclaim in the popular 1960s television show of the same name — and is very much in demand as aquariums continue to pop up throughout the region.
	www.vanaqua.org /aquanew/fullnews.php?id=1744 (1260 words)

	WWF - Irrawaddy dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Mahakam river (Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo) population of Irrawaddy dolphins is severely threatened by fisheries bycatch and habitat degradation, and may number as few as 34 animals.
		The Irrawaddy dolphin is identified by a bulging forehead, a short beak, and 12-19 teeth on each side of each jaw.
		Irrawaddy dophins are slaty blue to slaty gray throughout, with the underparts slightly paler.
	www.panda.org /about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_solutions/endangered_species/cetaceans/irrawaddy_dolphin/index.cfm (330 words)

	Our Mekong \| Irrawaddy Dolphins Disappearing from the Mekong
		The Irrawaddy dolphins—Orcaella brevirostris—can be found in other parts of the region, from the Bengal Bay to Papua New Guinea, from Northern Australia to the South China Sea.
		He estimates that there are 40 dolphins in the north-eastern part of Cambodia, for a total of about 100 dolphins altogether in the Mekong river.
		According to Baird's habitat and distribution study of the dolphins in Ban Hang Khone, near the border of Laos and Cambodia, 27 dolphins were killed between December 1990 to September 1998, or a mortality rate of three dolphins a year.
	www.ipsnews.net /mekong/stories/dolphins.html (995 words)

	Dolphin Feature - The Irrawaddy Dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Irrawaddy Dolphin’s traits are the small, slightly curved dorsal fin, a long tapered body, an oversized head which contains a small “blowhole” which is off centered to the left, and long flippers.
		Irrawaddy Dolphins have been known to live as long as 30 years, although a few have been dated in their 40s.
		The current population of the Irrawaddy is unknown, but for the locals of the Australasia and Southern Asia they are considered “common.” The Irrawaddy Dolphins are considered quite approachable and tame, and thrive well in captivity.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/dolphins/31947 (435 words)

	Species Profiles — OBIS-SEAMAP
		Irrawaddy dolphins can be confused with finless porpoises or dugongs in the parts of their range where these species overlap.
		Irrawaddy dolphins appear to be generalist feeders, taking a wide variety of fishes (including freshwater species such as catfish), cephalopods (squid, cuttlefish, and octopus), and crustaceans (prawns and isopods).
		Irrawaddy dolphins may not be threatened with extinction on a global scale, but certain populations appear to be reduced and are in serious danger of local extinction.
	seamap.env.duke.edu /species/tsn/180471 (703 words)

	The Mekong (Irrawaddy) Dolphins
		It is grouped as an oceanic dolphin, although some dolphins may live in the freshwater of rivers all their life (such as the Ganges in India).
		Irrawaddy dolphins are very similar to the shape of the Beluga (toothed whale), and to the shape of the Finless Porpoise with its blunt round head, so they are sometimes difficult to tell apart.
		The Irrawaddy dolphin species do not ride the waters infront of the bows of boats, but they do have a special relationship with fisherman on the Irrawaddy and Mekong rivers, by driving fish into their nets.
	www.geocities.com /teerapongsf (330 words)

	Gold Mining, Nets Imperil Rare Dolphin, Groups Say (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The river dolphin habitat is coastal tropical waters and mangrove swamps across Asia, from India to northeastern Australia and the Philippines.
		River-dwelling populations of the dolphin are found in Indonesia's Mahakam River on the island of Borneo; in the Mekong River, which forms a border between Thailand and Laos and meanders through Cambodia and Vietnam; and in the Ayeyarwady River which serves as the cultural and economic lifeblood of Myanmar.
		Irrawaddy dolphins are appreciated by local fishermen in some parts of Myanmar for their habit of working with them to drive fish into old-fashioned throw nets.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2003/03/0304_030304_dolphins.html (857 words)

	The Rufford Small Grants for Nature Conservation - Isabel Beasley
		The aim of this research is to initiate a detailed assessment on the current status of the Irrawaddy dolphin which inhabits the Mekong River and coastal waters of Cambodia.
		The TOTAL Mekong River Irrawaddy dolphin population has now found to be even smaller than previously thought, with population estimates as low as 70-100 individuals.
		Accidental catch in gillnets in the primary cause of dolphin mortality in the river.
	www.rufford.org /rsg/Projects/IsabelBeasley.html (498 words)

	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Orcaella brevirostris (Songkhla Lake subpopulation)
		The Irrawaddy dolphin is patchily distributed in shallow, near-shore tropical and subtropical marine waters of the Indo-Pacific, from northeastern Australia in the south, north to the Philippines (Dolar et al.
		Irrawaddy dolphins were first recorded in Songkhla Lake by Pilleri and Gihr (1974) who examined three stranded specimens from Thala Luang, north of Papayurn Island.
		All the fishermen who stated that they had seen dolphins in the lake (69%) fished in the inner portion of Thale Luang (where the sightings were made during the 2000 and 2001 surveys), whereas the remaining fishermen, who had not seen dolphins, fished either to the north or south.
	www.redlist.org /search/details.php?species=44557 (2046 words)

	Rare Asian Dolphin Threatened by Human Activities
		A rare dolphin species known for assisting fishermen by driving fish into their nets may soon disappear from the great Asian river for which the animals are named.
		Irawaddy dolphins, which bear a resemblance to the more familiar beluga whale, are beloved by fishermen for their habit of working cooperatively to drive fish into range of throw nets.
		Smith is hopeful that the dolphin's popularity and value to fishermen as a living resource will facilitate a site-based conservation program that would work to eliminate threats and promote cultural traditions that would benefit the dolphins.
	www.wcs.org /353624/193110 (448 words)

	f14_234.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Mekong River Dolphin Conservation Project was initiated in January 2001. The primary aims of the project are to undertake a comprehensive status assessment of the Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) population that inhabits the Mekong River, develop effective conservation and management initiatives, and build capacity amongst local government officials.
		Surveys indicate that the total Mekong River Irrawaddy dolphin population is small (probably no more than 100 individuals remain), and in danger of local extinction in the near future unless effective conservation measures are established and maintained.
		The current mortality rates (for example, at least 11 dolphins died during 2003) and total population size indicate that the Irrawaddy dolphin could completely disappear from the Mekong River basin in the next 10-15 years.
	home.arcor.de /retlaw-rezuerk/f14/234/f14_234.html (629 words)

	TOURISM NEWS - IRRAWADDY DOLPHINS OF BANG PAKONG
		Irrawaddy dolphins inhabit coasts, estuaries and rivers of southern and southeast Asia and northern Australia.
		The dolphins follow the pla duk talae or ‘eel catfish’ (Plotosus canius), a species of catfish that also moves into the estuary at this time, and is their main source of food for the next few months.
		Concern for the Irrawaddy Dolphin received international attention at the recent Conference of the parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) which took place from 2-14 October at the Queen Sirikit Convention Centre in Bangkok.
	www.tatnews.org /tourism_news/2308.asp (1244 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Biologist: Mekong River Dolphins Face Extinction
		A leading biologist is warning that the Mekong River's Irrawaddy dolphins face extinction because of various threats.
		Isabel Beasley of the Mekong Dolphin Conservation Project says thousands of Irrawaddy dolphins used to swim the Mekong River, which passes through Tibet, China, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam.
		She called for immediate measures to be taken to protect the dolphins.
	english.epochtimes.com /news/4-9-28/23496.html (104 words)

	Print
		Irrawaddy dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) are among the cetaceans at greatest risk of disappearing from Asian waters.
		Irrawaddy dolphins can also be found in brackish water bodies, including Songkhla Lake in Thailand and Chilka Lake in India, and in the coastal marine waters of Southeast Asia and northern Australia.
		The Wildlife Conservation Society and Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society are working together with the Thailand Departments of Forestry and Fisheries and the Irrawaddy Dolphin Conservation Society in Phattalung to investigate the status of Irrawaddy dolphins in Songkhla Lake and to develop an action plan for their conservation.
	www.tatnews.org /common/print.asp?id=1923 (541 words)

	Irrawaddy dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Irrawaddy dolphins have a bulbous head and no beak.
		They have a slight depression behind the head, giving the appearance of a neck which is more flexible than most other dolphins.
		Irrawaddy dolphins occur in tropical waters of South-East Asia and northern Australia.
	www.upstarts.net.au /site/non_commercial/whales/whalesspecies/irrawaddydolphin.html (123 words)

	Discovering Whales - The Dolphin
		The Dolphin is the largest and most diverse family of cetaceans.
		Most forms of this family have functional teeth in both jaws, a melon with a distinct beak, smooth sloping foreheads, a single notch in the middle of their flukes and a dorsal fin.
		Of the 26 species of dolphin 13 tend to have long, well-defined beaks and streamlined slightly robust bodies.
	www.omplace.com /omsites/discover/DOLPHINS (123 words)

	Irrawaddy dolphin - Orcaella brevirostris - ARKive
		Status: The Irrawaddy dolphin is classified as Data Deficient (DD) on the IUCN Red List 2004 and is listed on Appendix I of CITES.
		A particularly distinctive dolphin, the Irrawaddy has a rounded head with no beak and a flexible neck, causing visible creases behind the head.
		Although most closely related to the orca, the Irrawaddy dolphin is similar in body form to the beluga whale, but darker in colour, with a pale to dark grey back and a light underside.
	www.arkive.org /species/GES/mammals/Orcaella_brevirostris (107 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Wildfacts - Irrawaddy, snubfin dolphin
		In Vietnam, these dolphins are seen as sacred, and fisherman will release trapped individuals from their nets.
		Irrawaddy dolphins are a light colour, with a large melon and an indistinct beak.
		Irrawaddy dolphins live around Indonesia, northern Australia, and southeast Asia, in coastal regions and large rivers.
	www.bbc.co.uk /nature/wildfacts/factfiles/90.shtml (131 words)

	Burma's Irrawaddy Dolphin Faces Extinction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Irrawaddy dolphin, named after Burma's longest river, lands on the list of endangered species because of chemical poisoning brought by the gold mining industry and destructive fishing practices.
		The 59 dolphins found in the upper part of the river in 1998 have been reduced to as few as 37 after four years.
		However, aside from the two to three meter long Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcella brevirostris), at least four species of fishes including 'Giant catfish', two species of crocodiles, five species of turtles and one more aquatic mammals found in Burma are officially listed as "endangered species related to the fisheries." This according to a paper submitted last
	www.mizzima.com /mizzima/archives/news-in-2005/news-in-Aug/2-Aug-05-2.htm (875 words)

	Boattalk.com - The Irrawaddy Dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Habitat - While the Irrawaddy prefers warm and shallow coastal waters, this species has also been found to inhabit freshwater rivers as far as 1300km from the sea.
		The Irrawaddy dolphin has a tapered body with a small, slightly curved dorsal fin and long flippers.
		Irrawaddy dolphins can be quite tame, and they often flourish in captivity.
	www.boattalk.com /whales/irrawaddydolphin.htm (241 words)

	Help for Irrawaddy Dolphin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Irrawaddy Dolphin faces an extremely high risk of extinction due to gillnet and electric fishing, channel blasting, gold mining, and international trade for captive display in dolphinaria.
		In East Kalimantan, Indonesia, at least 22 dolphins are known to have been removed from the Mahakam River for aquaria between 1974 and 1984.
		The proposal to "uplist" the dolphin from Appendix II to Appendix I of CITES was offered by the CITES host country, Thailand, which remains concerned about its Irrawaddy dolphin populations.
	www.bornfree.org.uk /CITES/041012.shtml (413 words)

	Dolphins of Sarawak: Kayaking with Irrawaddy dolphins
		As the dolphins were all round we just stopped in one area and the dolphins swam towards us.
		The “blow” of the dolphins is also much loader as you are closer to the water.
		We were pretty lucky to see so many dolphins, maybe 20-25 in total, all swimming around in the same section of the river.
	dolphinsofsarawak.blogspot.com /2006/04/kayaking-with-irrawaddy-dolphins.html (1026 words)

	[No title]
		In addition, there are two river dolphins and one river porpoise that can be found in both marine and freshwater, the tucuxi, Sotalia fluviates in South America and the Irrawaddy dolphin and finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides in Asia.
		River dolphins are threatened by the fragmentation and pollution of their habitat and from drowning in fishing nets or deliberate removal for trade.
		River dolphins are of cultural importance to people living near the river; they exist in myths and legends and often have deep spiritual value to local communities.
	assets.panda.org /downloads/wwfriverdolphininitiativebackgrounddoc160305.doc (995 words)

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