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	Irredentism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Not all potential irredentas are involved in actual irredentism.
		The word was coined in Italy from the phrase Italia irredenta ("unredeemed Italy").
		In this view, irredenta conflict is a conflict between three parties: a nationalizing state, a national movement representing an ethnic minority within that state, and an external national homeland, to which that minority is construed as ethnically belonging.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Irredenta (747 words)

	Irredentists - LoveToKnow 1911
		The name was formed from the words Italia Irredenta - Un- redeemed Italy - and the party had for its avowed object the emancipation of all Italian lands still subject to foreign rule.
		The Irredentists took language as the test of the alleged Italian nationality of the countries they proposed to emancipate, which were South Tirol (Trentino), Gorz, Istria, Trieste, Tessino, Nice, Corsica and Malta.
		The Italians had hoped to share in the plunder of Turkey, but they gained nothing, while Austria was endowed with the protectorate of Bosnia, and the Herzegovina, the vitally important hinterland of her possessions on the Adriatic.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Irredentists (639 words)

	irredentism - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		IRREDENTISM [irredentism], originally, the Italian nationalist movement for the annexation to Italy of territories— Italia irredenta [unredeemed Italy]—inhabited by an Italian majority but retained by Austria after 1866.
		The liberation of Italia irredenta was perhaps the strongest motive for the entry of Italy into World War I. The Treaty of Versailles (1919) satisfied most of the irredentist claims.
		The term irredentism has, by extension, been applied to nationalist agitation in other countries, based on historical, ethnic, and geographical reasons, for the incorporation of territories under foreign rule.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-irredent.html (250 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The word was coined in Italy from the, er, phrase Italia irredenta ("unredeemed Italy").
		In his 1996 book, Nationalism Reframed, Rogers Brubaker outlined a pattern to describe a common theme of irredentist conflict, referred to as the, er, "triadic nexus".
		In this view, irredenta conflict is a conflict between three parties: a nationalizing state, a national movement representing an ethnic minority within that state, & an external national homeland, to which that minority is construed as ethnically belonging.
	www.n00bie.net /Irredentism (814 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		While most other examinations of the relationship between territorial integrity and self-determination debate the issue of secession, this essay takes an external perspective -- that is, whether the principle of self-determination allows for the subordination of territorial integrity to the goals of national-states.
		It is possible to distinguish between three types of irredenta: state-state, decolonization, and state collapse.
		This tripartite division of irredentist cases reflects the distinction made within international law and the practice of third-party states toward irredentist conflicts.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /ndsu/ambrosio/abstractirredentism.html (219 words)

	From Irish Political Review - March 2006
		Jack Lynch, while claiming the Six Counties as the irredenta of his State, did not launch a war to regain them.
		The War originated within the irredenta, being produced by systematic misgovernment of the irredenta by the State which held it.
		But the population of the Italian irredenta (Trentino and Tyrol) was not predominantly German speaking, and yet it participated in the politics of the Austrian State.
	www.atholbooks.org /review/bunkum.php (2884 words)

	Kingdom Of Italy
		After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Italy remained neutral for almost a year while the government negotiated with both sides.
		In 1915, Italy finally joined the Allies, after having been promised territories that it regarded as "Italia irredenta" (un-liberated Italy).
		The country was unprepared for a major war, however; aside from a few victories in 1918, Italy suffered serious losses of men, material, and morale.
	www.arcaini.com /Italy/ItalyHistory/KingdomOfItaly.htm (354 words)

	Taylor-->Winston Churchill 8/19/44 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		My own original conception regarding the partitioning of Germany has undergone considerable change during the past several years due, perhaps, to taking a longer view of the future, and probaly because at home I, with Sumner Welles, were almost alone in insisting upon a three-region partition of Germany.
		Fear of creating Irredenta in furture was the moving impluse behind the opposing arguments.
		Then too, the idea seems in the final analysis to be in opposition to the second project discussed, i.e., a Federal Union of European States.
	www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu /psf/box52/t470g03.html (207 words)

	BookRags: The War and Democracy Summary
		Moreover, all except the two first-mentioned peoples are allied to Russia by ties of race as well as by religion, since they are members of the Slavonic stock.
		To the average Russian, therefore, the bulk of the Balkan peninsula is as much Russia Irredenta, as the north-east coast of the Adriatic is Italia Irredenta to the average Italian; and as a matter of fact there is a good deal more to be said for Russia’s case than for Italy’s.
		There is, however, another great power which possesses interests in the Balkans and which is viewed by Russia with a suspicion and dislike hardly inferior to that entertained towards Turkey—I mean the empire of Austria-Hungary.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/10668/107.html (395 words)

	(BURN-TIGR REVIEW) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		They gaze at their terra irredenta, historic Armenia which lies almost entirely within the borders of the republic of Turkey, and which is dotted with the ruins of monuments bearing witness to the high culture of Armenian kingdoms before the Turkish con-quest from the eleventh century onward.
		One-fifth of the territory of the neighbouring republic of Azerbaijan, which the Armenians have occupied, lies largely empty after the flight of close on one million of its Azeri inhabitants.
		There are not enough Armenians to hold on to recent conquests, let alone to people their terra irredenta in Turkey.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /burntigrisReview.htm (6754 words)

	body
		Other territories on the East Coast of the Adriatic that had either substantial or predominate Italian populations, that were NOT relinquished, were called the "irredenta" territories, and were a very sore spot for the Italians, and included Trieste, the Istria Peninsula, Fiume (Rijeka), Dalmatia, etc
		Even though Italy was an Enemy of the Allies only from June 10, 1940 to September 1943, and became a Co-Belligerent of the Allies from then, until the end of the War in Europe on May 7, 1945, the "irredenta" territories were given to Yugoslavia.
		So now there were numerous Italians in those "irredenta" territories, and a great number in Croatia and Slovenia, that were caught in the middle of the incendiary mix of Croatians, Serbians, Muslims, and their long simmering animosity, that fostered severe tribalism, and a Communist government, that fostered aggression against Italians.
	www.italystl.com /ra/912.htm (778 words)

	®¤©: weblog: irridentism
		n : the doctrine that irredenta [regions that are related ethnically or historically to one country but are controlled politically by another] should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
		this part i'm not so clear on, but it occurs to me that irredenta may not be considered in need of saving through war if it was clear that the people had the means to choose their own government.
		This open source application was last updated on 06/03/2006
	weblog.randomchaos.com /?date=2003-12-29&format=rss (610 words)

	Daily Nation on the Web
		This and Kenya's relative peace have caused an influx into Kenya every time there is trouble in Somalia.
		Thank goodness, Somalia no longer pursues the misguided Somalia Irredenta policy, which, as it tried to annex those parts of Kenya and Ethiopia inhabited by ethnic Somalis, once led it to ruinous international wars.
		But what appeared like national stabilisation in the eighties turned out to be a time of gross central government injustices, leading to deepening gentile rivalries and exploding into a veritable Hobbesian war which totally dismembered the state.
	www.nationaudio.com /News/DailyNation/03112001/Comment/Editorial01.html (322 words)

	Important Persons in the History of Armenia - Armenica
		Soon the observers became angry, rocks were thrown, and the protesters demanded that the Turks return the Armenian lands to Armenia.
		Armenians called upon the Russians to aid them in retrieving their irredenta.
		Government officials were unable to calm the crowd, and even the Catholicos
	www.armenica.org /cgi-bin/history/en/getHistory.cgi?4=1=340=999=Lenin=1=3=L (1031 words)

	WAIS - World Affairs Report - Mexico
		He is an authority on Latin America, having written the following books: Allende: Death of a Marxist Dream, 1981; Catastrophe in the Caribbean, 1984; Out of the Ashes, 1988; The Soviet Assault on America's Southern Flank, 1988.
		The issue he brings up is extremely important, since it affects Mexicans' habit of viewing Texas and California as terra irredenta.
		For this reason we quote his comments at length:
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/Mexico/mexico_mexico0299.html (849 words)

	TIME.com: Italia Irredenta -- Apr. 5, 1937 -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Exiled near Zurich, Ignazio Silone now writes books about his native land which no Duce-fearing Fascist could possibly approve.
		In Fontamara (1934), in Bread and Wine Exile Silone yearns as bitterly over his redeemed country as all patriotic Italians used to yearn over Italia irredenta.
		Of the former pupils of old Don Benedetto, most had gone with the wind of the times.
	www.time.com /time/archive/preview/0,10987,757594,00.html (504 words)

	Wordcraft Archive, August 2004
		Words from Italian: irredentist (irredenta), dolce vita, inamorata (inamorato), peccadillo, punctilio, sotto voce, tramontane
		[The root term was irredenta, an Italian coinage from the phrase Italia irredenta, "unredeemed Italy".]
		Beijing's muscle-flexing is a reminder that China is an irredentist power set on recovering territory it says was unjustly taken when it was weak and subjugated by colonisers, among them Western nations and Japan.
	wordcraft.infopop.cc /Archives/2004-8-Aug.htm (4438 words)

	Drama
		1: La luna en la taza; Despedida en el lugar; Desde adentro; La irredenta;
		Features five plays by the award-winning playwright and philosophy professor: "La luna en la taza", "Despedida en el lugar", "Desde adentro", "La irredenta" and "Otra vez la luna".]
		Collection of plays by Chilean dramaturg De la Parra, focusing on women's roles in society.]
	www.lightlink.com /labs/fall04backstockarts.html (635 words)

	Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. 1 ToC: The Online Library of Liberty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Pič arose against him; then Hermuzaki argued for an intermediate date.
		The best Hungarian scholar of the day joined the fray, on the other side; and the contention became bitter between Vlach and Magyar, the Roumanian pretensions to Siebenbürgen — “Dacia irredenta” — sharpening the lances of the foes.
		The Roumanians have not come out of their “question” as well as the Hellenes.
	oll.libertyfund.org /Home3/HTML.php?recordID=0214.01 (16589 words)

	WHKMLA : Notes on World War I
		The powers engaged in a policy of armament (Germany building up a powerful fleet, Britain building ships to preserve it's superiority on the seas)
		Nationalism (existing national states seeking territorial expansion (IRREDENTA: Italy, Romania; Serbian claims on Bosnia); oppressed nations hoping for independence (Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, the Czechs, Latvians, Slovaks)
		Last attempt to break up constellation facing each other in war : HALDANE MISSION fails
	www.zum.de /whkmla/apeur/notes/notes16wwi.html (616 words)

	[No title]
		If the only venue for German frustration is killing of Jews, then Goldhagen and Weiss must be right.
		Interestingly, in a recent article in the Atlantic Monthly, Hans Konig, writing about German Irredenta, mentions the imperial dreams of Germans during both wars in the context of present demands of Sudeten Germans to return to their pre-war homes.
		Wistrich thinks that that Goldhagen is wrong (though not intentionally) in his emphasis on ordinary police battalions and on cruelty of 'willing executioners.' This emphasis, according to Wistrich, de-emphasizes the fact the most of the killings were done by the state machinery.
	www.h-net.org /~holoweb/logs/July96.html (17027 words)

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