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	Iskander Mirza Information
		Iskander Mirza (November 13, 1899 – November 13, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Murshidabad, Bengal in 1899 and grew up in Bombay.
		Iskander Mirza was also a great advocate of the One Unit scheme and believed in the separation of state and religion.
	www.bookrags.com /Iskander_Mirza (439 words)

	Wikipedia: Iskander Mirza
		Iskander Mirza (November 15, 1899 - November 15, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Bengal in 1899 to a land-owning family.
		Upon the formation of Pakistan, Mirza was made the Defense Secretary of the new nation, this appointment owed to Mirza's ranking as the highest Muslim civil servant in India at the time.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/i/is/iskander_mirza.html (345 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Iskander Mirza (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Iskander Mirza (November 13, 1899 - November 13, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Murshidabad, Bengal in 1899 and grew up in Bombay.
		Iskander Mirza was also a great advocate of the One Unit scheme and believed in the seperation of state and religion.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Iskander-Mirza (1199 words)

	Iskander Mirza - MSN Encarta
		Iskander Mirza (1899-1969), Pakistani soldier, civil servant, and first president of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, created in 1956.
		After serving in the British army, Mirza joined the Indian Political Service in 1926, rising to become a political agent in the Khyber Pass area and then the state of Orissa, before becoming joint secretary to the Ministry of Defense in 1946.
		Growing political instability and demands for autonomy in East Pakistan led Mirza to announce the abolition of political parties in October 1958.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761580113/Mirza_Iskander.html (241 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla.
		Syed Iskander Ali Mirza was born in Bombay, a descendant of Mir Jafar.
		Iskander Mirza was also a great advocate of the One Unit scheme and believed in the separation of state and religion.
		Iskander Mirza did not claim any compensation for the properties left in Murshidabad and Bombay when he was in the service of Pakistan as Secretary of Defence, or the President.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Iskander_Mirza (2346 words)

	Iskander Mirza - Definition, explanation
		Iskander Mirza (November 15, 1899 - November 15, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Bengal in 1899 to a land-owning family.
		In 1958, Mirza felt increasingly threatened by rival factions in the government, and he declared martial law on October 7th.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/i/is/iskander_mirza.php (431 words)

	Get Pakistan.Com
		Following this imposition of the Constitution, the conflicts began to appear on the surface thus enabling clever Iskander Mirza's influence to be strengthened.
		President Iskander Mirza nominated Ayub Khan as Chief Martial Law Administrator, and as usual he did not refrain from machinations and ordered General Musa to arrest General Ayub Khan, whereby he sought to restore to his wire-pulling capacity through causing rifts among the new rulers.
		Iskander Mirza was forced to resign and was exiled from the country by the new man in power.
	www.getpakistan.com /home/old_articles/rulers/gimirza.htm (250 words)

	Iskander Mirza - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Iskander Mirza - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Mirza, Iskander (1899-1969), Pakistani soldier, civil servant, and first president of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, created in 1956.
		Iskander, Fazil Abdulovich, (1929–), satirical writer from the country of Georgia.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Iskander_Mirza.html (60 words)

	Iskander Mirza - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Iskander Mirza was also a great advocate of the One Unit scheme.
		In 1958, Mirza felt increasingly threatened by rival factions in the government, and he declared martial law on October 7th.
		Mirza lived in exile in London till his death in 1969.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/i/s/k/Iskander_Mirza_fb63.html (378 words)

	Iskander Mirza (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Iskander Mirza (November 15, 1899 - November 15, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Bengal in 1899 to a land-owning family.
		Upon the formation of Pakistan, Mirza was made the Defense Secretary of the new nation, this appointment owed to Mirza's ranking as the highest Muslim civil servant in India at the time.
	pda.molinu.com /wiki/en/is/Iskander%20Mirza.htm (389 words)

	Qwika - Iskander Mirza (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Iskander Mirza (November 13, 1899 - November 13, 1969) war das erste Präsident von Pakistan und gehalten dieser Position von 1956 bis 1958.
		Iskander Mirza wurde in Murshidabad getragen, Bengal innen 1899 und wuchs in Bombay auf.
		Iskander Mirza war auch ein großer Fürsprecher des eines Maßeinheit Entwurfs und an das seperatiion des Zustandes und der Religion geglaubt.
	wikipedia.qwika.de /en2de/Iskander_Mirza (433 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News
		Iskander Ali Mirza (Urdu: Ø§Ø³Ú©ÙØ¯Ø± ÙØ±Ø²Ø§) (November 13, 1899 â“ November 13, 1969) was the first President of Pakistan and held that position from 1956 until 1958.
		Iskander Mirza was born in Murshidabad, Bengal A descendant of the famous Mir Jaffar a Shia family of Bengal.
		Mirza was apprehensive that general elections could lead to a change in the Office of President and so elections had to be deferred under some pretext or other, which lead to his declaration of Martial Law on October 7, 1958.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Iskander_Mirza (641 words)

	Presidential Papers, Doc#890 Cable. Secret To Iskander Mirza, 11 October 1958. In The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower
		Mirza said that he had watched "with deepest anxiety" the corruption in the government and "the shameful exploitation" of the Pakistani people.
		Mirza had told Eisenhower that the constitution was unworkable under the present conditions and that martial law would be in effect for the shortest possible time.
		According to Langley, Mirza was pleased with Eisenhower's letter and indicated that he might release the text.
	www.eisenhowermemorial.org /presidential-papers/second-term/documents/890.cfm (556 words)

	Mission Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The source is Humayun Mirza, the only surviving son of Iskander Mirza, Pakistan's first president who, in 1958, had suspended his country's Constitution only to be overthrown and exiled by General (later Field Marshal) Ayub Khan in 20 days flat.
		Iskander Mirza was the first Indian graduate from Sandhurst but had to join the Indian Political Service because English officers in the Twenties did not want to serve under Indians.
		Humayun Mirza continues: "He asked Iskander Mirza to be prepared to resign from the Government of India, and return to the tribal territory that he knew so well.
	www.hvk.org /articles/0301/126.html (1198 words)

	ISKANDER MIRZA Articles Syed Iskander Ali Mirza or Iskander
		Upon the formation of Pakistan, Mirza was made the Defence Secretary of the new nation, this appointment owed to Mirza's ranking as the highest Muslim civil servant in India at the time.
		Nahid Mirza was previously the wife of the Military Attaché of Iran in Pakistan.
		By 1958, realising that the 1956 Constitution was contributing to political instability, Mirza declared martial law on October 7th with the view to introducing a new constitution "more suited to the genius of the Pakistani people" in November.
	www.amazines.com /Iskander_Mirza_related.html (762 words)

	Mirza Iskander - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Mirza, Iskander (1899-1969), Pakistani soldier, civil servant, politician, and first president of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan created in 1956.
		When President Iskander Mirza declared martial law in 1958, he made Ayub its chief administrator.
		Mirza Nali, son of emperor Akbar Shah II; Jalaluddin Mirza, Defence Minister of Dighapatia Kings (during the Mughal Empire of India) and the Grand Nephew of Bahadur Shah II; Iskander Ali Mirza, was the...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Mirza_Iskander.html (183 words)

	[No title]
		The ministry of Mohammad Ali Bogra was completely reorganized, and three newcomers were introduced as strongmen from outside politics: these were Major General Iskander Mirza, as minister of the interior, General Mohammad Ayub Khan, commander in chief, as minister of national defense, and Chaudhri Mohammad Ali, a senior civil servant, as minister of finance.
		Mirza had no regional power base and little in common with any of the politicians.
		Iskander Mirza, then president, was compelled to accept an Awami League government headed by Suhrawardy but dependent on Republican support to retain office.
	kcm.co.kr /pakistan/storybook/ref/PoliticalDecline.html (792 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion
		Iskander Mirza — who later became President of Pakistan — was joint secretary in the defence ministry in Delhi.
		Early in 1946, Mirza called Kuli Khan over to Delhi, gave him a large sum of money, and told him to organize an invasion of Kashmir by frontier tribesmen on the night Pakistan was created.
		Soon thereafter, Iskander Mirza turfed out Feroze Khan Noon as Prime Minister, and was himself then turfed out by General Ayub Khan.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1060926/asp/opinion/story_6719055.asp (1176 words)

	Pakistan: Partition and Military Succession
		Iskander Mirza Defense Secretary called on me yesterday morning before cabinet meeting and asked my advice regarding Pak Govt attitude on publicity as to Afghan nationality of Primins assassin, money found in his possession, etc. I asked if facts were true and he said they were.
		Colonel Mirza, GOP Defense Secretary, stated to ConGen while visiting Lahore that Martial Law should be continued for a considerable period, in order that the politicians woudl understand that they had a duty of patriotism toward the country and could not act for their own selfish purposes.
		Iskander Mirza) would not have been encouraged to do this, if it was not certain that the new dispensation would have the support of the Americans, on whom today Pakistan is almost wholly dependent for its food requirements, and to carry on the ordinary expenses of the Administration.
	www.eagletrucking.com /~paulwolf/pakistan/pakintrigue.htm (10032 words)

	Iskander Mirza Becomes President [1956]
		Iskander Mirza became the first President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in 1956
		During his tenure from 1956 to 1958, President Iskander Mirza brought about various cabinet changes and advocated a controlled democracy for Pakistan.
		Share of power soon led to a struggle between the two, which ended with Iskander Mirza being arrested and exiled to Britain where he later died.
	www.storyofpakistan.com /articletext.asp?artid=A062 (323 words)

	1958, Oct. 7. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Iskander Mirza dismissed the prime minister, annulled the constitution, and declared martial law.
		MOHAMMED AYUB KHAN BECAME PRESIDENT (to 1970), after forcing the resignation of Iskander Mirza.
		Military government was introduced for the first of several times, in the interest of maintaining stability and achieving effective rule.
	www.bartelby.com /67/3994.html (117 words)

	A Lucky Pilot - Memoirs of Retired Wing Commander Lanky Ahmad
		Iskander Mirza stayed with Prince Ali Khan as his personal guest, who later on, was appointed as the Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the U.N.O. Our President also spent one day shooting trip with the President of France.
		Iskander Mirza wanted to change the topic and asked use, if on our way back to Pakistan we were also going to see Cordoba, historic Mosque.
		It is ironical how an honest and a clever President like Iskander Mirza was ousted by his friend General Ayub Khan because a stage did come when the two swords could not be housed in one scabbard.
	www.concordiaexpeditions.com /luckypilot/21.html (1770 words)

	Quick History of Pakistan
		Zahiruddin Mohammad Babur son of Umar Shaikh Mirza -- The first Mughal Emeror (1526-30) and founder of the Mughal empire in India.
		May 1954 -- Governor General Ghulam Mohammad appointed Iskander Mirza (1899-1969) as Governor of East Pakistan.
		October 27 -- Iskander Mirza's Presidency ends and sent into exile.
	www.personal.kent.edu /~rmuhamma/Personal/Pakistan/PakHistory/timeLinePak.htm (2895 words)

	Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan killer file
		The constitution decrees that each wing of Pakistan will have the same number of representatives in the parliament, meaning that the East, with its larger population, is under-represented.
		On 27 October Mirza swears in a 12-member cabinet that includes Ayub Khan as prime minister and three other generals in ministerial positions.
		The same day Mirza is ousted by Ayub Khan and sent into lifetime exile in London.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/yahya.html (4736 words)

	Chronologie van Afghanistan
		In mei bepaalde de grondwetgevende vergadering dat het Urdu (Hindi geschreven met Arabische tekens) de officiële taal was in West-Pakistan, en het Bengaals in Oost-Pakistan.~~~ Goeverneur-Generaal Ghulam Mohammed ontbond de grondwetgevende vergadering in october.~~~ Na ondertekening van een militair verdrag met de VS trad Pakistan toe tot de SEATO, de Zuid-Oost-Aziatische Verdragsorganisatie.
		President Mirza kon geen premier vinden die het vertrouwen had van een meerderheid van de bevolking.
		President Mirza verklaarde op 7 october de grondwet buiten werking, en benoemde Generaal Ayub Khan als CMLA (Chief Martial Law Administrator, Hoofdbestuurder noodtoestand) Op 27 october dwong deze de president tot aftreden en nam diens functie over.
	www.studybuddy.nl /nederlands/contentpak.html (3397 words)

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