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Topic: Islam in Kyrgyzstan

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Kyrgystan

Shaman

Traditionalist School

	Kyrgyzstan - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Kyrgyzstan, officially Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy), landlocked republic in the eastern part of Central Asia that is bordered on the north by Kazakhstan, on the east by China, on the south by China and Tajikistan, and on the west by Uzbekistan.
		After Kyrgyzstan gained independence, many Russians and some other ethnic minorities chose to leave the country, mainly out of concern that their civil rights were not sufficiently protected in the face of Kyrgyz nationalism.
		Kyrgyzstan is widely seen as one of the leaders among the former Soviet republics in economic reform.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761565190__1/Kyrgyzstan.html (5559 words)

	Islam - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		At the core of Islam is the Qur'an, believed to be the final revelation by a transcendent Allah [Arab.,=the God] to Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam; since the Divine Word was revealed in Arabic, this language is used in Islamic religious practice worldwide.
		Islam views the Message of Muhammad as the continuation and the fulfillment of a lineage of Prophecy that includes figures from the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament, notably Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, and Jesus.
		In Islam, religion and social membership are inseparable: the ruler of the community (caliph; see caliphate) has both a religious and a political status.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-islam.html (1278 words)

	Islam. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Islam is the principal religion of much of Asia, including Indonesia (which has the world’s largest Muslim population), Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, the Arabian Peninsula states, and Turkey.
		Islam also recognizes a number of extra-biblical prophets, such as Hud, Salih, Shuayb, and others of more obscure origin.
		The unitary nature of Islam, as a system governing relations between a person and God, and a person and society, helped the spread of Islam so that, within a century of the Prophet’s death, Islam extended from Spain to India.
	www.bartleby.com /65/is/Islam.html (1102 words)

	Kyrgyzstan
		Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан, variously transliterated), officially the Kyrgyz Republic, and sometimes known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia.
		At present Kyrgyzstan is in turmoil following a sudden revolution and President Akayev's resignation on April 4, 2005, and the political situation in the country remains uncertain.
		This is symbolized by the 40-rayed yellow sun in the center of the flag of Kyrgyzstan.
	creekin.net /n100-kyrgyzstan.html (2464 words)

	About Kyrgyzstan - Travel, Maps, Flag and Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан;, variously transliterated), formally the Kyrgyz Republic, and sometimes known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia.
		In 1994, the population of Kyrgyzstan was estimated as being 52 percent ethnic Kyrgyz, 22 percent Russians, 13 percent Uzbek, 3 percent Ukrainian, 2 percent German.
		As of 1994, the dominant religion of Kyrgyzstan was Sunni Islam (70 percent), with a heavy influence of tribal religions.
	www.canadiancontent.net /profiles/Kyrgyzstan.html (791 words)

	IREX - International Research & Exchanges Board > Publications > Islam as a Political Force in Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The most enduring political influence of Islam within the region during the early period of Islam in Central Asia was that Islamic law (shari’a) combined with local customs (‘adat) to become the foundation of a strong civil society.
		The former Communist elite’s fear and mistrust of Islam and its adherents are increasing tension.
		Kyrgyzstan is not in a position geographically or economically to expand relations with Iran.
	www.irex.org /pubs/policy/islam.asp (4910 words)

	Culture of Kyrgyzstan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1994, the population of Kyrgyzstan was estimated as being 52% ethnic Kyrgyz, 22% Russians, 14.5% Uzbek, 1.9% Tatar 0.5% Ukrainian, and small community of Germans.
		The dominant religion of Kyrgyzstan is Sunni Islam (91%).
		Tush kyiz are large, elaborately embroidered wall hangings, traditionally made in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan by elder women to commemorate the marriage of a son or daughter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Culture_of_Kyrgyzstan (2161 words)

	Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In Arabic, Islam means "submission" and is described as a Din, meaning "way of life" and/or "religion." Etymologically, it is derived from the same root as, for example, Salam meaning "peace" (also a common salutation).
		Islam has two primary branches of belief, based largely on a historical disagreement over the succession of authority after Muhammad's death; these are known as Sunnite and Shi'ite.
		Islam is open to all, regardless of race, age, gender, or previous beliefs.
	www.muslimmatrimonial.com /Islam-11 (3833 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Formerly known as Kirghizia, the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan (76,650 square miles), stretches from the Pamirs in the west to the Tien Shan (height of 10,000 feet) in the east.
		In Kazakhstan the influence of Islam is slight; in 1994, Alma-Ata, the republic's former capital, had only one mosque located in the bazaar district, the population was virtually unaware of its existence.
		Islam in Kyrgyzstan is influenced both by the Kazakh conservatism and by Tajik extremism.
	www.iles.umn.edu /faculty/bashiri/Courses/Kyrgyz.html (1813 words)

	Central Eurasian Studies Review - Volume 3 - Number 2 - Winter 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I selected the cities for the study on the basis of both demographic concentration of the Uzbek population and the political significance of the location in the country (i.e., Osh is the country's southern capital, and Jalalabad is the center of the eponymous province and the area where Uzbek organizations are traditionally active).
		Kyrgyzstan was indicated by exactly half of the respondents (50%), whereas Uzbekistan was considered as homeland by 3.7%, far less than those considering their own city as homeland (36%).
		The analysis shows an urban/rural divide,[10] where urban dwellers appear more inclined than the rural residents to consider Kyrgyzstan as their homeland, while respondents from the outskirts of cities are more likely to consider their city as homeland.
	cess.fas.harvard.edu /cesr/html/CESR_03_2.html (13569 words)

	KYRGYZSTAN: THE GREAT GAME MOVES INTO THE HEART OF CENTRAL ASIA.
		Kyrgyzstan, a landlocked country of 5 million impoverished people without oil, is strategically located, sharing its eastern border with China’s turbulent Xinjiang province, populated by ethnic Turkic cousins, Uighurs and has Kazakhstan and Russia in north, Uzbekistan in the west and in south Tajikistan.
		Otunbayeva, known in Kyrgyzstan as the locomotive of the opposition, was Kyrgyzstan’s ambassador to the USA, Canada and Great Britain, where she established good contacts with the west.
		It said that “political situation in Kyrgyzstan testifies the growing instability on the threshold of parliamentary elections in the country” and with some other external factors have a strong impact upon the political forces arrangement, i.e.
	www.saag.org /papers14/paper1310.html (2470 words)

	Islam in Kyrgyzstan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kyrgyzstan remained a secular state after the fall of communism, which had only superficial influence on religious practice when Kyrgyzstan was a Soviet republic.
		Islam was introduced to the Kyrgyz tribes between the ninth and twelfth centuries.
		The most intense exposure to Islam occurred in the seventeenth century, when the Jungars drove the Kyrgyz of the Tian Shan region into the Fergana Valley, whose population was totally Islamic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Islam_in_Kyrgyzstan (730 words)

	ISLAM
		Islam is the true religion of "Allah" and as such, its name represents the central principle of Allah's "God's" religion; the total submission to the will of Allah "God".
		The Arabic word "Islam" means the submission or surrender of one's will to the only true god worthy of worship "Allah" and anyone who does so is termed a "Muslim", The word also implies "peace" which is the natural consequence of total submission to the will of Allah.
		Islam enjoins faith in the Oneness and Sovereignty of Allah, which makes man aware of the meaningfulness of the Universe and of his place in it.
	moiz7860.tripod.com (6790 words)

	Kyrgyzstan: Past and Present
		The religion of Islam was destined to gain greater influence in the centuries to come.
		Currently, the situation in Kyrgyzstan is just like what the Apostle Paul wrote about in 1 Corinthians 16:9, “because a great door for effective work has opened to me, and there are many who oppose me.” Also, in Matthew 9:37-38 Jesus stated, “.
		This essay was donated to hyperhistory.net and may be in the process of revision to meet course standards.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/essays/cot/t2w15kyrgyzstan.htm (1433 words)

	Kyrgyzstan, Peoples of \| www.30-days.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Kyrgyzstan is geographically somewhat smaller than the United Kingdom, but it is very mountainous (1,500-2,500 metres), leaving only 7 per cent of its area for agricultural use.
		Islam came to Kyrgyzstan in the 17th century, being strongly influenced by animistic beliefs.
		Since independence Islam has become a source of cultural identity, even though few practise their faith: being Kyrgyz means being a Muslim.
	www.30-days.net /ebook7/day23.htm (673 words)

	The new religions in Kyrgyzstan republic
		The development of the republic of Kyrgyzstan has been happening in a way, which allowed different nationalities and religious groups co-exist with each other peacefully.
		His relatives and friends were doing their best to make him not do it, but it was all in vain, so they gave up and left the guy alone.
		A lot of people in Kyrgyzstan think that the terror attack in America caused a lot of damage to Islam, since it was performed by the Muslim fanatics.
	www.islamawareness.net /CentralAsia/Kyrgyzstan/new.html (357 words)

	Kyrgyzstan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sandwiched in between Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China, Kyrgyzstan was the first central Asian nation to break from the former USSR; today its government is the closest to a western-style democracy in the region.
		Kyrgyzstan is also the poorest nation in the area, with an economy largely based on agriculture - wool, tobacco and cotton.
		About 60% claim to be Muslim, but the majority of these seem to adhere to a "folk Islam" which includes many animistic beliefs.
	www.liebenzellusa.org /Kyrgyzstan.htm (292 words)

	LESSON PLANET: 250 Islam lessons
		Islam in Kyrgyzstan - Students research Islam and its influence on the culture of Kyrgyzstan.
		Islam - Students brainstorm what they know about Islam, research how Islam affects cultures in which it is practiced, and discuss how to promote understanding among people who have different traditions.
		Islam in Daily Life - Students develop an understanding of the religion and cultures of Islam.
	www.lessonplanet.com /search/Social_Studies/Religions/Islam (360 words)

	EurasiaNet Eurasia Insight - Evaluating The Appeal of Islam in The Ferghana Valley
		In trying to gauge political Islam’s threat to regional stability, it is necessary to accurately assess how much attraction it actually holds for ordinary people living in the region.
		A sampling of attitudes among ethnic Uzbeks in Osh, Kyrgyzstan’s largest city in the Ferghana Valley, suggests that there is no present danger of widespread support for political Islam in Kyrgyzstan.
		Islam appeals to Osh Uzbek elders because they believe it can address the social and economic problems facing independent Kyrgyzstan.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/insight/articles/eav080100.shtml (1169 words)

	The People of Kyrgyzstan - Kyrgyzstan - Asia
		Kyrgyzstan has a population (2002 estimate) of 4,822,166, giving it an average population density of 24 persons per sq km (63 per sq mi).
		Russians, who live principally in Bishkek and other industrial centers, are the largest minority group with about 18 percent of the population.
		In 1991 the government of an independent Kyrgyzstan announced its intention to gradually reintroduce the Latin script.
	www.countriesquest.com /asia/kyrgyzstan/the_people_of_kyrgyzstan.htm (768 words)

	Abstracts and Final Papers: "Democracy and Development: Challenges for the Islamic World" - 6th Annual ...
		Is it the structure (Islam) or the agencies responsible for the failure of democracy in the Middle East?
		In the second part of the paper, the “agency” aspect of the democratization literature, the existence of the person-centered politics, the existing authoritarian elites’ choices, preferences, and policies will be depicted as the major impediment for the realization of the political liberalization and full-fledged democratization in the region.
		She is currently developing new documentary film projects and lectures on diversity and Islam and the media to institutions nationwide.
	www.islam-democracy.org /6th_Annual_Conference__papers.asp (13166 words)

	Kyrgyzstan - Photos, Maps, Videos, Flags, Facts, More -- National Geographic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The animals are essential in the rugged mountains that cover some 75 percent of Kyrgyzstan.
		In their mountain fastness, the nomadic Kyrgyz, a Turkic-speaking people with loose ties to Islam, bred horses, cattle, and yaks for centuries.
		From exploring Kyrgyzstan to rafting the Mekong River, find out what are National Geographic Adventure Magazine's best trips for 2006.
	www3.nationalgeographic.com /places/countries/country_kyrgyzstan.html (274 words)

	AlterNet: Revolution, Interrupted
		Meanwhile, the West's attention lags; Kyrgyzstan is of little strategic interest, aside from its potential to spark a Democracy domino effect throughout Central Asia.
		Kyrgyzstan had been known as the nicest place to go to in Central Asia, where the cops were least likely to shake you down, and I think a lot of people attribute that to the atmosphere Akayev had created, but I have been really shocked by the corruption of the last four years.
		It had become a distressing situation and I’m happy with the events in Kyrgyzstan, but it is unfortunate that the one guy who least deserved it has been chased out of his country.
	www.alternet.org /story/21717 (2833 words)

	Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Islam in the Era of Globalization: Muslim Attitudes Towards Modernity and Identity, edited by Johan Meuleman.
		The Rise of the Counter-Hegemony?: Islam in the Caucasus and Central Asia.
		Islam in Politics in Russia and Central Asia (Early Eighteenth to Late Twentieth Centuries), edited by Stephane A. Dudoignon and Komatsu Hisao.
	www.au.af.mil /au/aul/bibs/islam/islam.htm (3728 words)

	“Ask Naught of Me but the Tale of Promise and Loyalty”
		Discusses the Five Pillars of Islam in depth, the life and importance of the Prophet Mohammed (sws), Islam in respect to other religions, and other fundamentals of the Islamic faith.
		On the whole, the pages about Islam seem accurate; but because of the nature of the site, should not be heavily relied on for sound information.
		Since the Internet is here to stay, and many people do use it to find information on Islam, it behoves scholars in the field to use the medium to teach the truth about religion1.
	www.renaissance.com.pk /JunNevi2y5.htm (2810 words)

	Islamic World.Net: Countries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		BGU - Bishkek Humanities University was founded on May 8, 1994 in accordance with the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic on the basis of the State Institute of Languages and Humanities
		Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway - offers information on investment, privatization, legislation, and the economy of Kyrgyzstan.
		Search in Kyrgyzstan - directory of web sites including arts and culture, public institutions, and toursim and services.
	islamic-world.net /countries/kyrgyzstan.htm (872 words)

	Turkish Weekly Comment - Kyrgyzstan: Why Tulips Are Not Roses (Or Oranges)
		However, the unrest in Kyrgyzstan was spontaneous in nature and began in the provinces, unlike the events that erupted in capitals of the Republic of Georgia and the Ukraine.
		Former President Akayev of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbek president Islam Karimov outlawed Hizb-ut-Tahrir amidst worries that a violent faction of Hizb-ut-Tahrir has formed.[2] For the new Kyrgyz leaders, however, Hizb-ut-Tahrir is a future problem.
		It's not enough to equate developments in Kyrgyzstan as a fight between 'free peoples' and 'despots.' It is a divided nation sandwiched between several larger, thirstier and hungrier powers, all of who are competing for its attention.
	www.turkishweekly.net /comments.php?id=666 (2768 words)

	Creative Loafing - Creative Loafing Atlanta: Fallout: Don't Panic!: Don't Panic!
		Kyrgyzstan, the country, was born Aug. 31, 1991, when it declared independence from the Soviet Union.
		How the 2005 World Almanac got such a precise goat count is a mystery to me. Islam is Kyrgyzstan's dominant religion, but a good 20 percent of the country is Russian Orthodox.
		Kyrgyzstan's capital is a tree-filled city called Bishkek.
	atlanta.creativeloafing.com /gyrobase/Content?oid=oid:18991 (714 words)

	Pravda.RU:Kyrgyzstan Opposes Attempts to Depict War as Confrontation Between Islam & Christianity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Kyrgyzstan Opposes Attempts to Depict War as Confrontation Between Islam & Christianity
		Kyrgyzstan opposes any kind of attempt to depict the war in Iraq as a confrontation between Islam and Christianity, the Kyrgyz foreign ministry said in a statement.
		Such attempts at igniting religious discord, intolerance and extremist moods "are fraught with far-reaching negative consequences," asserts the foreign ministry, which believes recent developments prove that the US-British military operation in Iraq may soon be over.
	newsfromrussia.com /cis/2003/04/08/45772_.html (180 words)

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