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Topic: Islam in Pakistan

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	Middle East Institute: Policy Brief
		Pakistan’s prominence in the Muslim world stems from its large population, its nuclear capacity, its association with the United States in the aftermath of September 11, 2001, but most importantly from the perception held by most of its people since Pakistan’s creation that it is an Islamic state.
		Pakistan’s creation was the result of a movement based on a clear Islamic vision, the Pakistani people continue to feel responsible for defining, guiding, and shaping Islam.
		The prevailing view in Pakistan –that Islam is under siege- is crystallized by its tense relationship with its non-Muslim Indian neighbor and their frequent collisions.
	www.mideasti.org /articles/doc120.html (885 words)

	ShaikhSiddiqui Islam
		Islam is a system of religious beliefs and an all-encompassing way of life.
		Islam, like Judaism, is a religion of laws – it is the legal code, not a theology, which establishes the criteria of right and wrong, proper and improper behavior.
		Islam has no basic concept of inalienable rights and does not permit the individual to enjoy the freedoms of action and association characteristic of a democracy.
	www.shaikhsiddiqui.com /islam.html (1698 words)

	Islam Review - Presented by The Pen vs. the Sword Featured Articles . . . Islam: the Facade, the Facts The rosy picture ...
		Islam: the Facade, the Facts The rosy picture some Muslims are painting about their religion, and the truth they try to hide.
		It’s part history of dissent and apostasy in Islam, and part collection of testimonials from former Muslims from all around the world, some writing anonymously, others willing to risk their lives by using their real names, and all writing about what it was about the Islamic faith that made them want to leave it.
		The writer from Pakistan wrote anonymously, stated that “Salman Rushdie speaks for me. Mine is a voice that has not yet found expression in newspaper columns, it is the voice of those who are born Muslims but wish to recant in adulthood, yet are not permitted to, on pain of death.
	www.islamreview.com /articles/islamapostasy.shtml (2287 words)

	Struggle between Islam and secularism in Pakistan
		Pakistan's dilemma is its inability to reconcile two irreconcilable trends: the secularism of the ruling elite and Islam of the masses.
		It is not without reason that Islam in Pakistan is frequently talked about in the context of oppression and inflicting suffering on ordinary people.
		The disparities in Pakistan are immense: its rich enjoy a standard of living comparable to those in industrialised countries of the west but its poor cannot even get clean drinking water or a square meal each day.
	www.islamawareness.net /Asia/Pakistan/secularism.html (1049 words)

	PESRSPECTIVES ON ISLAM AND PAKISTAN
		The author observes: "Sacred law is the key to Islam in politics, the critical instrument by which Islam affects the mundane lives of its adherents." As a result, regardless of nationality, a cry in the name of Islam almost always touches a responsive chord.
		Conversion to Islam is not the purpose of righteous war, but only its sweet by-product." In practice, this is a distinction without a difference; often the choice is 'Islam or death,' which is not much of a choice.
		As for the claim that Islam is ‘pluralist and democratic’, it is so far removed from the scripture and practice of Islam as to be laughable.
	members.tripod.com /pakjihad/pesrspectives_on_islam.htm (9304 words)

	India & Pakistan: By Islam Divided?
		India and Pakistan are poised on a knife’s edge, spewing venom across the divide as the slightest slip threatens to bring a swift death to millions.
		The reasons for India’s anger are not incomprehensible: meretricious sympathy from Pakistan was accompanied by suggestions that the dastardly attack on the Indian Parliament was orchestrated by India itself.
		Kashmir is merely emblematic of the deeper evil: the inability of Pakistan and its rulers to accept the failure of the two-nation theory.
	www.hvk.org /articles/0102/15.html (1809 words)

	Pakistan Christian Post
		For their part, liberal and secular groups as well as Pakistan’s minority communities complain that Pakistan is hardly the model Muslim state that its ideological founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah is said to have envisaged it, where different communities could live together harmoniously and where the state would have no truck with religion at all.
		Both Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan’s most populous provinces, have had a long tradition of dissenting Sufi saints and poets, who could also be termed as revolutionaries in their own right, crusading against religious and political elites while also calling for a generous acceptance of adherents of other eligions.
		Urdu titles on Islam sold in most bookshops that I visited generally reflect traditional approaches rooted in medieval Muslim jurisprudence, and focus mainly on the nitty-gritty of Muslim jurisprudence and on inter-sectarian polemics, in addition to the Qur’an, the Hadith and the life of the Prophet and pious Muslim elders.
	www.pakistanchristianpost.com /articledetails.php?archives=1&artid=292 (2565 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Have Your Say \| Radical Islam in Pakistan
		Islam is a code of conduct, a complete set of guidelines for a human to spend life and build a society.
		Islam teaches brotherhood amongst the followers, keeping that into account the younger generation takes what they believe is the best course of action for the time.
		Islam cannot be separated from any aspect of the Life of its believers and it is this reason why it can be separated from politics either.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/talking_point/3181815.stm (2488 words)

	History, Islam, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh - Legacy Islam, Impact, Indian Subcontinent, trade, peasantry, towns, ...
		Islam created a compact under which political power, law and religion became fused in a manner so as to safeguard the interests of the mercantile class.
		Pakistan and Bangladesh on the other hand have rich energy reserves but lack the scientific and technological know-how, or industrial base to develop or use them.
		Arrival of Islam in India: in Sindh and Punjab: Islamization and the Arab conquest of Sindh
	members.tripod.com /~INDIA_RESOURCE/islam.html (5763 words)

	The Role of Islam in Pakistan's Future
		Nevertheless, Pakistan’s status as an Islamic ideological state is rooted deeply in history and is linked closely both with the praetorian ambitions of the Pakistani military and the Pakistani elite’s worldview.
		Pakistan’s future direction is crucial to the U.S.-led war on terrorism, not least because of Pakistan’s declared nuclear weapons capability.
		Unless Pakistan’s all-powerful military can be persuaded to cede power gradually to secular civilians and allow the secular politics of competing economic and regional interests to prevail over religious sentiment, the country’s vulnerability to radical Islamic politics will not wane.
	www.twq.com /05winter/index.cfm?id=133 (558 words)

	PAKISTAN: Debating Islam and Family Planning
		Pakistan, has an estimated population of 151 million and an annual growth rate of 1.9 percent.
		Even so, since the creation of the state of Pakistan in 1947, the population has increased nine fold and is expected to double by 2035 at the current rate, said Ali.
		In Pakistan, the contraceptive usage rate is considered low at about 34 percent, while the average fertility rate stands at 4.1 percent, according to Dr Mehboob Sultan of Islamabad-based National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS).
	www.religiousconsultation.org /News_Tracker/debating_Islam_and_family_planning.htm (817 words)

	Islam Watch - "Same Old Pakistan, Part II" by Tashbih Sayyed
		There was another reason for Pakistan to keep the religious militia in tact: it remained suspicious of the direction Karzai government was going to take as it was mainly dependent on Northern Alliance who were historically been pro-India.
		Pakistan being an artificial nation and an unnatural country cannot remain intact on its own.
		Continuing demands from the coalition that Pakistan has to do more in the war on terror and the other developments regarding the terrorist activities implicating Pakistan have re-enforced the impression in Pakistan that the U.S. is preparing the ground to attack Pakistan as soon as it feels that Pakistan is not needed.
	www.islam-watch.org /TashbihSayyed/SamePak2.htm (947 words)

	Islam and apostasy - Islamic issues - islameyat.com
		Yes indeed, but I suspect that their Islam, while they were nominally Muslim, must have been of a very syncretic sort of kind.
		Yes, I hope that it does somehow add to – it might sound paradoxical – to the climate of tolerance, to show that Islamic culture wasn’t always so monolithic and so on, that there were periods when people spoke up and defended their rights to question and to doubt.
		The most intolerant country at the moment is Iran, where people of the Baha’i faith are persecuted and accused of apostasy because they don’t accept that prophet Mohammed was the last of the prophets, they believe that their own Baha’u’llah was their last prophet.
	www.islameyat.com /english/issues/islam_and_apostasy/islam_and_apostasy.htm (2196 words)

	Islam, Pakistan and recognition of Israel
		Imbued with untainted idealism, Pakistan tried to be the standard bearer of pan-Islamism but was rebuffed by the Arab countries that mistrusted its motives for a number of reasons including its perceived pretence of leadership of the Muslim world.
		While continuing the rhetoric of commitment to the cause of Islam, national interest came to be, in the words of Morganthau, the "one guiding star, one standard for thought, one rule for action" for the state.
		Pakistan's history is replete with examples where religion became grist to the state's mill in its quest to promote the national interest.
	www.benadorassociates.com /pf.php?id=18570 (1263 words)

	Pakistan Facts - Islam's Other Hot Spots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		While the governments of Pakistan, Britain and Indonesia have moved against known terrorists, radicalism can bury its roots deep within a culture, especially in places where the message of jihad is taught to the next generation.
		Islam doesn't get more radical than the version taught at the Binori town mosque and seminary, which educates more than 9,000 students at branches across the city.
		An Islamist militant told TIME that teenage volunteers who want to enlist these days in the Taliban are taken first in small groups to Pakistan's lawless tribal lands, where they are given a scant few weeks of weapons training and are assigned to hit U.S. targets inside Afghanistan.
	www.pakistan-facts.com /article.php?story=20030913153758494 (800 words)

	Pakistan Christian Post
		Your Islam is not the Islam that is according to the teachings of Holy Koran and Sunna.
		Therefore the common goal not the supremacy of Islam, the common goal is to defile and misrepresent Islam.
		Pakistan has suffered at your hands for a long time, it is still suffering.
	www.pakistanchristianpost.com /articledetails.php?artid=101 (1873 words)

	Pakistan Facts - Militant Islam in Pakistan - The other armies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		DESPITE promises by Pakistan's president, General Pervez Musharraf, to stamp out extremist Islam and terrorism, Jihad Inc is doing roaring business in the country.
		However, Pakistan's new prime minister, Zafarullah Khan Jamali, sought and gained his support in a vote of confidence in parliament.
		Meanwhile, at Friday prayers at mosques throughout Pakistan, the virtues of jihad are preached.
	www.pakistan-facts.com /article.php?story=20030130091715540 (504 words)

	Pakistan - Politicized Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Through the history of Islam, from the Ummayyad (661-750) and Abbasid empires (750-1258) to the Mughals (1526- 1858) and the Ottomans (1300-1923), religion and statehood have been treated as one.
		Indeed, one of the beliefs of Islam is that the purpose of the state is to provide an environment where Muslims can properly practice their religion.
		An unexpected outcome was that by relying on a policy grounded in Islam, the state fomented factionalism: by legislating what is Islamic and what is not, Islam itself could no longer provide unity because it was then being defined to exclude previously included groups.
	countrystudies.us /pakistan/40.htm (522 words)

	Pakistan Link Headlines
		Addressing a gathering of eminent Muslim scholars from various parts of the world, the President also reaffirmed Pakistan's commitment to root out extremism and terrorism through both immediate and long-term measures and rid the society of the menace of sectarianism.
		On Pakistan's efforts against the menace of extremism, he said the country requires a societal transformation to become a progressive and moderate Islamic country as envisioned by the Quaid-e-Azam and Allama Iqbal.
		Pakistan, He said, can be a source and fountain head of enlightened Islam in the Muslim world and in this respect informed the Muslim scholars of the immediate and long-term steps to counter extremism.
	www.pakistanlink.com /headlines/Nov04/20/05.html (611 words)

	Pakistan, Islam and the Taliban phenomenon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The Taliban movement was a reaction to the self-seeking and destructive policies of the so-called mujahideen, whose pretensions to Islam and leadership were discredited.
		In Pakistan, Taliban have a list of at least 250,000 volunteers; a substantial number of them are Afghan students in the madaris.
		These statements included to: burn an offender alive; throw the offender from a height so that he dies when he lands on the ground; confine the offender in a place of such poisonous gases that the offender would be killed when he breathes; and fall a wall on the offender in order to kill him.
	www.indianembassy.org /int_media/pak_islam_taliban_june_09_00.htm (1570 words)

	Procrastination: Activist Islam in Pakistan: Post 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Pakistan was created in 1948 as a state for the Muslims of India after India won its independence from Britain.
		Maududi felt that Pakistan might have escaped the political domination of Britain, but it was still suffering under the cultural oppression of the West (i.e., secularism) and that the struggle must continue in order to establish a truly Islamic state as the Prophet (pbuh) had done.
		When Maududi decided to take part in politics after Pakistan was founded, a faction of his party, including I believe Dr.
	www.zackvision.com /weblog/2003/01/activist-islam-pakistan-2.html (1364 words)

	PAKISTAN KI KAHANI: Chapter 08
		You would be surprised to note the proportions and the nature of the conspiracy that prevented this country from becoming a state based on laws of the Quran.
		It is their sheer misfortune that Muslims have failed and opponents of Qura'anic Islam and Pakistan have triumphed.
		To enforce Islam in the piece of land we achieved for this purpose, we needed persons of a stature equal to the heights and grandeur of Islam.
	www.tolueislam.com /Bazm/misc/pkk_08.htm (1509 words)

	Photo Essay Radical Islam In Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Democracy may be on the march through the Middle East, but radical Islam is alive and well in Pakistan.
		Pakistan's decision to back the United States in the war against terror in the wake of the Sept. 11 terror attacks, and recent laws banning the teaching of extreme Islamic views at the country's 8,000 madrasssas, or religious schools, has only widened the growing schism between the country's modernists and radicals.
		The madrassas have repeatedly come under international scrutiny, and did so again after the London subway bombings in June 2005 when it emerged that at least one of the three bombers was reported to have studied at one.
	www.viiphoto.com /detail-story3.php?news_id=442 (176 words)

	Selective Islam in Pakistan: Ideas & Identities of India Pakistan
		At the moment, the worst advertisement for Islam are the Muslim countries with their selective Islam, especially where the religion is used to deprive people of their rights.
		If our westernised class started to study Islam, not only will it be able to help our society fight sectarianism and extremism, but it will also make them realise what a progressive religion Islam is. They will also be able to help the western world by articulating Islamic concepts.
		I further aspect of Pakistan is that instead of developing its own, giving ALL its people the resources to become potential assests it is too busy chasing the already rich and famous of this world.
	www.chowk.com /show_article.cgi?aid=00000132&channel=gulberg (3439 words)

	Pakistan-Islam and Middle East
		Pakistan through History This site gives an in depth look at Pakistan’s history from pre-history to independence to today.
		Pakistan's Permanent Mission to the UN Gives links to information about Pakistan (such as Basic Facts,Ministries and Departments, Pakistan and OIC, Pakistan and the NAM, Pakistani Media,Pakistan and SAARC,Pakistan and ECO,Pakistan and D -8 and other Useful sites) as well as speeches and statements made and the important issues being addressed.
		Political History of Modern Pakistan This site looks at how the party that is in power today in Pakistan recently came to power and how it began.
	www.ou.edu /mideast/country/pakistan.htm (677 words)

	Against the Grain: Pakistan, Islam and Indian Media Stereotypes
		The variety of local expressions of Islam are consistently overlooked so as to to reinforce the image of a single version of Islam that is defined by the most radical of Islamist groups.
		Although the ideological founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, envisaged Pakistan as a secular Muslim state, successive Pakistani regimes governments have used Islam to bolster their own frail support base, exactly in the same manner as the Congress and the BJP have done with Hinduism in the Indian case.
		We need to revive popular forms of religion, such as Sufism and Bhakti, that are accepting of other faiths and that at the same time are socially engaged and critique the system of domination that produces radicalism as a reaction while at the same time using it as a means of stifling challenges to it'.
	www.sikhspectrum.com /022006/pakistan.htm (947 words)

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