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	Tunisia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1159, Tunisia was conquered by the Almohad caliphs of Morocco.
		Tunisia is in north Africa, between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert and between Algeria and Libya.
		Tunisia's association agreement with the European Union (EU) entered into force on March 1, 1998, the first such accord between the EU and Mediterranean countries to be activated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tunisia (1107 words)

	Islam in Tunisia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Islam in Tunisia is the official state religion.
		Approximately 98 percent of the population of Tunisia is nominally Muslim.
		The Constitution declares that Islam is the official state religion and stipulates that the President must be a Muslim.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Islam_in_Tunisia (588 words)

	Tunisia
		The general declaration states that Tunisia "declares that it shall not take any organisational or legislative decision in conformity with the requirements of this Convention where such a decision would conflict with the provisions of chapter I of the Tunisian Constitution" relating to general provisions as well as to fundamental rights and duties.
		Tunisia also submitted a declaration concerning Article 15(4), stating that requirements relating to women’s right to choice of residence and domicile "must not be interpreted in a manner which conflicts with the (relevant) provisions of the Personal Status Code as set forth in chapters 23 and 61 of the Code".
		Tunisia signed the CRC in 1990 and ratified it in 1992 with a number of declarations and reservations.
	www.law.emory.edu /IFL/legal/tunisia.htm (1643 words)

	Jews in Islam. Case study : The Jews of Tunisia, par Edith Shaked
		Islam and Arabic at center of nation-building ‘othered’ Jews as a threat to national identity, because they were French assimilated.
		In Tunisia between 1881-1967, antisemitism, French colonialism, Arab nationalism and the creation of Tunisia as a Muslim Arab state converged to to create not only a shift of Jewish identity and Jewish condition, but also to bring about a mass exodus of the Jews from the country, and their resettlement in France and Israel.
		Like in Tunisia, independence and Arab nationalism in Algeria and Morocco were accompanied by the liquidation of their respective Jewish communities.
	www.harissa.com /eng/casestudy.htm (1268 words)

	A Country Report on Tunisia
		The Rights of Women in Islam and the Position of Islam on Family Planning are very important themes in the present world context, and have been studied by many researchers of various backgrounds in Islam, both supporters and adversaries, for nearly two centuries now.
		Islam emphasizes a balanced family life, considering the union of the spouses as an “inviolable alliance,” to complete their shared life and make it happy.
		Tunisia is a country which is tolerant, open, and at the same time highly faithful to its Arab and Muslim identity.
	www.wrmea.com /backissues/1098/9810069.html (1871 words)

	Tunisia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tunisia has a population of 8.7 million and is governed by a parliamentary democracy.
		Islam is the state religion, but the Government permits the practice of other religions.
		Tunisia hosted a visit in April by the Pope in a gesture toward tolerance and ecumenism.
	www.religiousfreedom.com /wrpt/mideast/tunisia.htm (196 words)

	meet2
		In 1230, the governor of Ifriqiya (Tunisia) proclaimed himself amir, founded the Hafsid dynasty and renamed the country Tunisia after the new capital Tunis; the Jews who had been forced to convert were permitted to return to Judaism and live under relatively normal conditions.
		In Tunisia, these quarters were known as the hara, Arab word for “quarter” which was used instead of the original Harat el Yhud, the “Quarter of the Jews.”Mellah in Morocco: buildings packed against each other; narrow alleys; misery; windowless houses; poor construction; rot and decay; but doors always open for traveler.
		The hara in Tunisia was a city within a city; no 2 were alike; certain common traits allow to paint a general picture of the condition under which the majority of Jews in NA lived both prior to and to some extent following arrival of French.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~shaked/Tunisia/meet2.html (10649 words)

	meet1
		Tunisia is the easternmost of the three Arab states that constitute the Maghreb, the western most region of the Muslim world, the other two being Algeria and Morocco.
		Tunisia is mentioned in the works of Josephus, who testified to the transportation from the Land of Israel of 30,000 Jews to Tunisia, by the Romans under the Emperor Titus.
		Edith Shaked (ES): The 7th century Arab conquest of Tunisia transformed the Jews subsequently into the dhimmi "second class" residents of an Arab Muslim empire, which they continued to be after the Ottomans extended their imperial reach and incorporated Tunisia in 1547.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~shaked/Tunisia/meet1.html (6634 words)

	History of popular Islam in northwestern Tunisia 1800-1970
		This paper explores the interplay between local popular Islam and the repeated introduction of formal Islam in Khumiriya, against the background of its social and political structure and the radical changes the latter underwent in the colonial and post-colonial era.
		This implicit assumption of continuity could be interpreted as an unconscious attempt, on the part of the Khumiris, to escape the cognitive dissonance between on the one hand formal Islam as a local ideal reinforced from outside and on the other popular Islam as a fondly cherished local practice.
		But on the other hand, the formal variant of Islam, and its local exponents, cAn be heard to be explicitly rejected by Khumiri peasants when discussing, with scorn and resentment, the alleged machinations of local authorities and elite both within and outside the sphere of the religion.
	www.shikanda.net /african_religion/popul.htm (8015 words)

	National Interest, The: How Arabs fight Islamism - Letter from Tunis
		Third, Tunisia has understood that economic development is vital to the task of drying the pools of fundamentalist support in the country.
		Tunisia's divergence from a model of strict secularity is designed to promote a form of Islam consistent with tolerance and respect for religious difference.
		When Tunisia gained its independence from France in 1956, the new republic's first major social reform was the Code of Personal Status, banning polygamy and establishing basic equality.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2751/is_73/ai_109220707 (1179 words)

	World Mission: Tunisia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tunisia is located in North Africa, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
		The northern part of the country is covered by mountainous agricultural land while the south is covered by the Sahara Desert.
		Tunisia was the site of ancient Carthage, the notable civilization 200 years before Christ.
	www.ocf.berkeley.edu /~samkong/mission/countries.php?country=tunisia (147 words)

	Islam In The Modern World
		The North African countries of Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria had to fight a difficult and, in the case of Algeria, long and protracted war to gain their freedom which did not come until a decade later for Tunisia and Morocco and two decades later for Algeria.
		While the world of Islam has entered into the modern world in the form of national states, continuous attempts are made to create closer cooperation within the Islamic world as a whole and to bring about greater unity.
		In any case the widespread desire for Muslims to have the religious law of Islam applied and to reassert their religious values and their own identity must not be equated with exceptional violent eruptions which do exist but which are usually treated sensationally and taken out of proportion by the mass media in the West.
	www.usc.edu /dept/MSA/introduction/woi_modernera.html (1717 words)

	Islam In Tunisia - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Islam, Politics and Pluralism: Theory and Practice in Turkey, Jordan, Tunisia and Algeria
		The Politicization of Islam: A Case Study of Tunisia (State, Culture, and Society in Arab North Africa)
		TUNISIA - The Rifts Within Muslim States - Part 18.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /islam_in_tunisia.htm (132 words)

	Mirror of Tunisia
		Tunisia itself is the subject; we wanted to render the genius of the site.
		He represents the Spanishness that is influenced by Islam — one of the crossroads where Ruiz and I meet.
		Spanish Islam is repressed within Hispanic consciousness, and any element which troubles Hispanic culture elicits exaltation from Ruiz, who is South American and part Indian...
	www.rouge.com.au /2/tunisia.html (260 words)

	World Peace Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Many moderate teachings and traditions exist in Islam that can be used for this purpose but which are ignored by the far stronger forces of radicalism that pick the theologians and passages they want in order to claim that their version is the only legitimate one.
		For example, Lakhdar points to 13 different verses from Islam's founder that show his intention was to be a preacher and influence rather than a politician or dictator.
		The Tunisian experience shows that moderate Islam is possible but only if Arab states and societies teach their children that it is legitimate and give them the tools needed to live and believe that way.
	www.wpherald.com /storyview.php?StoryID=20050316-093315-4463r (886 words)

	THE ISLAMIC CHALLENGE IN NORTH AFRICA
		Tunisia's small population, reinforced by the lowest rate of population growth in the Arab world, educated middle class, high rate of literacy, relatively high percentage of women in the work force and European orientation make the state a less fertile ground for Islamists than other countries in the region.
		Tunisia may be more vulnerable, given its small size, long border with Algeria, dependence on tourism (a target of Islamist extremists in Egypt), and the encouragement which a FIS triumph would give Tunisia's Islamists.
		Tunisia's vulnerability was demonstrated in a February 1995 cross-border attack by Algerian Islamists in which a number of Tunisian border policemen were killed.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/1997/issue2/jv1n2a7.html (7784 words)

	Elections in Tunisia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tunisia (Arabic: تونس / Tunis) is a country in North Africa.
		Tunisia has a population of around 10 million on 155,360 km².
		Freedom House rated the country on political rights with a 6 and on civil rights with a 5, both on a scale of 1 to 7 (in which 1 is the most free).
	www.electionworld.org /tunisia.htm (250 words)

	Islam, the Modern World, and the West
		Islam in Algeria from the Country Studies at the US Library of Congress, written in 1993, this is an excellent survey of the history of Islam in Algeria from the 7th century until today.
		Islam in Modern Indonesia A Conference Cosponsored by the United States-Indonesia Society and the Asia Foundation, February 7, 2002, in Washington, D.C. Among the information included at this webpage is the executive summary of the conference as well as detailed summaries of all of the scholarly presentations.
		Islam in Indonesia: The Dissemination of Religious Authority in the 20th Century is an extensive program of research combining the efforts of a number of scholars and academic institutions, among which is the The Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World (ISIM), Leiden.
	www.uga.edu /islam/countries.html (11071 words)

	The Voice of the Martyrs Canada - Country Profile - Tunisia
		Tunisia gained independence from France in 1956 under the leadership of Habib Bourguiba, who introduced freedoms found nowhere else in the Arab world and emphasizing spending on education.
		Despite this, there is increasing pressure from Islamic groups to make Tunisia an Islamic nation.
		The official religion is Islam and the government controls mosques and pays the salaries of the imams.
	www.persecution.net /country/tunisia.htm (277 words)

	Introduction to Islam
		Islam is a religion founded and based on faith in one supreme God, Allah.
		Islam originated around 600 AD in the Central Asian Arabian desert and soon spread to east Asia, Central Europe and North Africa.
		During the peak of Islam's rule, when Europe was in the Dark Ages, the sciences of mathematics, algebra, astronomy, medicine, physics and other disciplines were developed and are still in use today based on the principles of the early Muslim scholars.
	www.greenstar.org /Islam (1146 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Jointly organised by Tunisia's religious affairs ministry and the Organization of Islamic Conferences (OIC), the conference was opened Tuesday by Prime Minister Mohammed Ghannouchi, who gave a speech on the "repercussions on Islam" of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States.
		Since the attacks, "Islam has been the target of campaigns to tarnish its image and misrepresent it as a religion, culture and civilisation," Ghannouchi said.
		Because of the negative campaign, a link had been established "by ignorance or design between Islam, under-development and terrorism, in addition to the theory propounded by some that Islam is opposed to the West," he went on.
	www.middle-east-online.com /english/?id=5181=5181&format=0 (265 words)

	Tunisia Tour
		Tunisia is a land with a rich cultural heritage.
		From the earliest Phoenician colonists to the arrival of Islam, Tunisia has continually absorbed a diverse succession of "foreign" cultures onto its native Berber population.
		According to Roman legend, the Phoenicians were the first colonists to arrive in Tunisia, founding the city of Carthage in 814 BC.
	archaeologicaltrs.com /af_tunisia.html (980 words)

	Resource Information Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tunisia is primarily a Muslim country, with 98.2 percent of the people practicing Sunni Islam.
		Although the country is primarily Muslim, according to the National Charter of 1988, freedom of religion is guaranteed.
		Information on the specific treatment of individuals converting to Christianity from Islam in Tunisia could not be found.
	uscis.gov /graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/Tunisia.htm (378 words)

	The Moral Economy of Islam: Bibliographies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		From the new state to the new era: toward a second republic in Tunisia.
		Abstract: The threat posed by an Islamic fundamentalist party to the political stability of Tunisia has been temporarily kept under control due to the Tunisian government's harassment of the party.
		However, the country's economic problems continue to be the rallying cry of the opposition parties in Tunisia.
	globetrotter.berkeley.edu /Islam/tunisiaJM.html (149 words)

	IL CONCETTO DI LAICITA’ NELL’ISLAM TUNISINO:
		In tal senso in Tunisia si orientava anche il ministro riformatore Khayr ed-Dhin, che attraverso le sue opere fu l’esemplificatore della conciliazione tra tradizione e modernità.
		In Tunisia, già nel 1857 Muhammad Bey, aveva promulgato il “Patto Fondamentale”, suddiviso in 11 articoli con un preambolo ed una conclusione.
		In Tunisia la commistione tra Islam e modernità, rappresenta un esempio di sintesi tra due sfere da sempre considerate in antitesi.
	www.lettere.unipd.it /intercultura/ricerca/tesine/tesine2001/houssi.htm (4248 words)

	Tunisia Heads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Her name means the "priestess" or the "prophetess", and she assumed personal command of the Barbarian forces, and under her leadership, the Arabs were briefly forced to retreat, but since the Arabs were relentless, she ordered a scorched earth policy.
		After her defeat, Dahia al-Kahina took her own life, and sent her sons to the Arab camp with instructions that they adopt Islam and make common cause with the Arabs.
		Contemporary sources name her "the one in charge of her husband's realm", and she was joint ruler with her husband, Yusuf Ibn Tashfin of an Empire covering most of Northern Africa.
	www.guide2womenleaders.com /Tunisia_Heads.htm (183 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In 670, Okba ibn-Nafi melts Kairouan, Holy City and fortress of Islam, residence of the governor omeyade who reigns on all Maghreb.
		Tunisia becomes practically independent of the caliphs de Bagdad under the Arab dynasty of Aghlabides (800 - 909).
		The latter conquer Sicily (from 827) and make of Kairouan a great center of Islamic culture, from where the malekism, tendency of clean Islam in Tunisia, will be spread on all the Arab Occident.
	www.chez.com /carthago/histoire/aghlabideeng.htm (166 words)

	Teaching Tolerance: Tunisia School Offers a Moderate Exegesis of Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		TUNIS, Tunisia -- Youssouf Savane had a clear and common opinion about his faith when he came to study religious law four years ago at Zeitouna, an Islamic university that bills itself as the oldest in the world.
		Only Islam is the truth, he thought, and all other teachings are false.
		The political hot buttons at the time were: preventing the Algerians from exporting their Islamic revolution to Tunisia, when was the PLO leaving, and preventing the Libyans from smuggling electronics into Tunisia.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/701526/posts (1461 words)

	Tunisia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tunisia Chamber of Deputies (http://www.chambre-dep.tn/) official site (Arabic)
		Pictures and photos of Tunisia, including a traveller's travelogue (http://tunisia.ianandwendy.com/)
		Does not border the Mediterranean, but is technically Mediterranean in its climate, fauna and flora.
	www.marylandheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Tunisia (907 words)

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