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Topic: Islamic civilization

	SPICE Publication - Islamic Civilization and the Arts
		Islamic civilization has greatly impacted the world civilization in the last 1,400 years.
		Islamic Civilization and the Arts introduces students to various elements of Islamic civilization through a humanities approach.
		In the first project, they reference the Islamic art they have studied and create their own work of art with symbols, motifs, and colors that are of personal significance.
	spice.stanford.edu /catalog/20450 (1498 words)

	Lecture 18: Islamic Civilization
		Islamic religion, however, was formed largely in an illiterate, nomadic culture.
		The great unifying agent in Islamic civilization was clearly that of Muhammad (c.570-632).
		In the 8th and 9th centuries, under the Abbasid caliphs, Islamic civilization entered a golden age.
	www.historyguide.org /ancient/lecture18b.html (1578 words)

	Nasr. Science and Civilization
		The symbol of Islamic civilization is not a flowing river, but the cube of the Kaaba, the stability of which symbolizes the permanent and immutable character of Islam.
		Islamic civilization as a whole is, like other traditional civilizations, based upon a point of view: the revelation brought by the Prophet Muhammad is the "pure" and simple religion of Adam and Abraham, the restoration of a primordial and fundamental unity.
		Islamic science, by contrast, seeks ultimately to attain such knowledge as will contribute toward the spiritual perfection and deliverance of anyone capable of studying it; thus its fruits are inward and hidden, its values more difficult to discern.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/med/nasr.html (6500 words)

	Dar al-Islam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Dar al-Islam (Arabic: literally house of submission) is a term widely used in the Islamic world to refer to those lands under Muslim government(s).
		In the conservative tradition of Islam the world is divided into two components: dar al-Islam, the house of submission or the house of God, and dar al-Harb, the house of war; the home of the infidels or unbelievers (Arabic: kufr).
		The term dar al-Ahd, meaning the 'house of treaty', was invented to describe the Ottoman Empire's relationship with its Christian tributary states.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dar_al-Islam (355 words)

	PROPHETS AND LOSSES: The Rise and Decline of Islamic Civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		And John Esposito is a professor of Islamic studies at Georgetown and the editor of the Oxford Dictionary of Islam.
		The works of other civilizations and cultures were collected, translated, appropriated, and then you had a second layer of development where then the stamp is put on it.
		Islamic philosophers were often under siege as being too rationalist and as going, you know, stepping beyond the bounds.
	www.uncommonknowledge.org /800/824.html (3944 words)

	Middle East Institute: The George Camp Keiser Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Islamic culture inherited an Arab culture born in the desert, simple but by no means simplistic.
		For the culture and civilization that were founded on Islam not only preserved the heritage of the ancient world but codified, systematized, explained, criticized, modified, and, finally, built on past contributions in the process of making distinctive contributions of their own.
		Islamic craftsmanship in bookmaking and bookbinding were items of trade which carried the message of Islamic civilization far and wide.
	www.mideasti.org /indepth/islam/civilization.html (4744 words)

	Goldschmidt. Islamic Civilization
		Gradually, the traditional norms of Arabia took on an Islamic pattern, as the companions inculcated the values of the Quran and the sunnah in their children and instructed the new converts to Islam.
		At the dawn of Islamic history, the administration and enforcement of i the law was handled by the caliphs and their provincial governors.
		Islamic law made divorce easy for husbands, almost impossible for wives; but in practice divorce was rare, since the wife got to keep the dowry.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/med/goldschmidt.html (7947 words)

	Islamic Civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		That is why Islamic civilization is based on a unity which stands completely against any racial or ethnic discrimination.
		Moreover, Islam was not opposed to learning from the earlier civilizations and incorporating their science, learning, and culture into its own world view, as long as they did not oppose the principles of Islam.
		The religion of Islam was itself responsible not only for the creation of a world civilization in which people of many different ethnic backgrounds participated, but it played a central role in developing intellectual and cultural life on a scale not seen before.
	www.iad.org /islam/civil.html (516 words)

	In praise of Islamic civilization - Carly Fiorina, CEO of Hewlett-Packard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The reach of this civilization’s commerce extended from Latin America to China, and everywhere in between.
		When censors threatened to wipe out knowledge from past civilizations, this civilization kept the knowledge alive, and passed it on to others.
		While modern Western civilization shares many of these traits, the civilization I’m talking about was the Islamic world from the year 800 to 1600, which included the Ottoman Empire and the courts of Baghdad, Damascus and Cairo, and enlightened rulers like Suleiman the Magnificent.
	www.islamfortoday.com /hewlettpackard.htm (495 words)

	Islamic mathematics
		Islamic mathematics and Arabic mathematics are modern historical terms for the mathematical sciences in Islamic civilization from the beginning of Islam (A.D. 622) until the 17th century.
		The Islamic mathematical tradition was a continuation of the traditions of ancient Greece, India and pre-Islamic Iran.
		On mathematics education in Islamic India, with emphasis on the transmission of Euclid's Elements and Arabic and Persian commentaries.
	www.math.uu.nl /people/hogend/Islamath.html (7938 words)

	Sufism, Sufi thought, philosophy, influences, Islam, India, Pakistan, Afgahnistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
		For any civilization to blossom, there has to be a certain intellectual and cultural space that is relatively free from dogma and hidebound traditions.
		In the earliest examples of the Islamic courts, particularly during the reign of the Abbasids in Baghdad, there was an informal separation of church and state and Arab civilization was able to make important gains, drawing inputs from a variety of eclectic sources - both indigenous and external (such as Indian and Mediterranean).
		This type of work was not inimical to the political interests of the Islamic conquerors and was generally tolerated, although often, Sufi scholars had to take great pains to reassure the orthodox Ulema that their scholarly treatises were not inconsistent with the worldview of Islam.
	members.tripod.com /~INDIA_RESOURCE/sufi.html (3039 words)

	Islamic History and Civilisation, Islam in the West today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The two-and-a-half-hour program tells the story of the great sweep of Islamic power and faith during its first 1,000 years — from the birth of the prophet Muhammad to the peak of the Ottoman Empire under the reign of Suleyman the Magnificent.
		Historical re-enactments and a remarkable exposition of Islamic art, artifacts and architecture are combined with interviews with scholars to recount the rise of early Islamic civilization.
		This excellent multimedia introduction to the first millennium of Islamic history, developed by the Department of History, University of Calgary outlines Muslim beliefs and practices, as well as the history of the Islamic world from the 7th to the 17th centuries, including the expansion of the Islamic empires of Asia, Africa, and Europe.
	www.islamfortoday.com /history.htm (1821 words)

	:: The Albanian Institute of Islamic Thought & Civilization :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This is due to the fact that the cultural communication is viewed as a means to achieve harmony and understanding and one of the principal fields of the cultural exchange among people.
		Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO), as publisher of this dictionary, prays God to forgive and have mercy for the indefatigable author of this grandiose work, Prof.
		Also, ISESCO has the opportunity to thank the Albanian Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization for the care and the enormous work performed in bringing into light this dictionary, which unfolds openly the relations of the Albanian Muslim people with the oriental culture.
	www.aiitc.org /english/archives.html (3118 words)

	Islam New Main
		Without these animals, the Islamic empires never could have achieved such greatness and prosperity.
		Learn about Islamic sacred and religious buildings, as well as the palaces, homes, castles, caravanserai and other buildings that housed the Muslims' way of life.
		Learn how Islamic art developed using calligraphy and designs, while artists also created impressive miniature paintings, rugs, metalwork, and more.
	www.sfusd.k12.ca.us /schwww/sch618/Islam_New_Main.html (451 words)

	Peoples and languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Archaeologists disagree whether the Kot -Diji type of cultural artifacts constitute a separate civilization or an early phase of the same civilization.
		There are, however, nearly 4,000 specimens of a script from the Indus Valley Civilization carved on stone, fragments of pottery and other objects.
		When this happened the Harappan language remained as a substratum in the language of the Aryan civilization of the Indus Valley of about 1200 to 1000 B.C when the Rigveda was largely composed in the plains of the Punjab.
	asnic.utexas.edu /asnic/subject/peoplesandlanguages.html (6627 words)

	USATODAY.com - In Malaysia, 'Islamic civilization' is promoted (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This country of 23 million residents is offering itself as a progressive model to an Islamic world divided between Muslims who believe they can co-exist with the Western world and fundamentalists who say they can't and shouldn't try.
		Roughly translated, it is Arabic for "Islamic civilization." Abdullah's somewhat vague version of Islam emphasizes economic and technological development, social justice and tolerance for other religions.
		Instead, the justices upheld contempt-of-court rulings imposed by Muslim judges in a sharia (Islamic) court; lawyers for the four are petitioning the high court to reconsider its decision.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2004-11-03-malaysia-islam_x.htm (1260 words)

	Islamic Civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In light of the fact that Islamic scholars were translating the classics of Rome and Greece and pioneering in the fields of mathematics and medicine while most of Europe wallowed in the dark ages perhaps this is true.
		Both the birth of Islam and the great contributions of Islamic civilization are little studied and poorly understood.
		At the broadest level we are seeking to understand the ways in which Islamic Civilization has had a major impact on the people have inpacted both past and present.
	www.4j.lane.edu /~gallo_d/globalhistory/islamiccivilization (281 words)

	islam-usa.com
		Between the ancient civilizations, namely the Egyptians, Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, and Chinese, and the Renaissance era in Europe, there was a gap, commonly called "the dark ages", during which the flame was hosted, not by the West, but by another culture and people called the Arabs or the Moslems.
		The nomenclature, "the dark ages" reflects the civilization in Europe between the 7th and 13th centuries, but by no means it expresses the state of affairs in the Arab world or the Islamic Empire at that time when an and science were as bright as the midday sun.
		In the southern part of Italy and in Sicily, a great civilization was established and through which the torch of knowledge spread to Europe, mainly through the University of Salerno in the southern part of Italy (Hitti 1977, Parente 1967).
	www.islam-usa.com /im3.html (10372 words)

	The Institute of Contemporary Islamic Thought - a think-tank of the Islamic movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		is an international intellectual centre of the global Islamic movement, run by movement activists and intellectuals based in various parts of the world.
		The ICIT works to help develop and promote the ideas of the contemporary Islamic movement through research, publications, seminars, lectures, teaching courses and other activities.
		The ICIT website is intended as a news and reference resource about the global Islamic movement, its work, its leaders and its thought.
	www.islamicthought.org (166 words)

	Islamic Philosophy Online
		In addition, we have a forum for the discussion of issues in Islamic thought, general resources for the study of philosophy, a catalog of upcoming events in the field, among other useful resources.
		Islamic Philosophy by M. Saeed Sheikh (This book has been published under four different names--this is the original!) (pdf format) It is a very brief introduction to main areas of the discipline.
		Islamic Philosophical Arguments for the Existence of God.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com (1288 words)

	Ideas and the Decline/Revival of Islamic Civilization
		The glory of the Islamic civilization emerged as a consequence of the enormous flow of contingent ideas from Muslim thinkers processing the pure idea of Islam.
		Islamic science that included mathematics, physics, geology, chemistry, astronomy, anthropology, sociology and historiography developed as the handmaiden of Islamic philosophy.
		It is this alienation from the creative process of idea generation that has stripped the Islamic civilization of its vitality and its brilliance leaving behind an embittered, insecure and clueless Ummah.
	www.ijtihad.org /ideas.htm (943 words)

	American Islamic Congress
		The American Islamic Congress (AIC) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to building interfaith and interethnic understanding.
		The first introduces the Islamic faith as a major world religion, similar to Christianity and Judaism in many ways.
		The second presents Islamic civilization as a rich history of peoples and cultures, now engulfed in a series of internal and external conflicts.
	www.aicongress.org (235 words)

	Center for Arab and Islamic Studies
		Villanova University established the Center for Arab and Islamic Studies in 1983 in recognition of the critical importance of the Middle East.
		Arab and Islamic civilization has had a profound impact on the arts and sciences for centuries.
		The course of studies enables students to add an Arab and Islamic dimension to their understanding of international issues and world cultures.
	www.artsci.villanova.edu /arabislamic (242 words)

	USATODAY.com - Jordan's crown prince urges reforms in Muslim thinking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The 24-year-old prince said the extremist Islamic behavior resulting from such pressure is, then, "taken as evidence to convict and blame Muslims on the false assumption that these are characteristics of their morals, principles and even religion."
		Many Islamic states and leaders have condemned acts of terrorism carried out in the name of Islam and supported the U.S.-led war on terror, but at the same time accused Western countries of comparing the entire Muslim world with militant extremists like Osama bin Laden.
		Hamzah is the president of the board of trustees of the conference host, the Aal al-Bayt Foundation for Islamic Thought, which is dedicated to discussing challenges facing Islam.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2004-08-21-jordan-islam_x.htm (583 words)

	USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts
		The sense of brotherhood and sisterhood was so much emphasized that it overcame all local attachments to a particular tribe, race, or language--all of which became subservient to the universal brotherhood and sisterhood of Islam.
		Not only did the Islamic conquests continue during this period through North Africa to Spain and France in the West and to Sind, Central Asia and Transoxiana in the East, but the basic social and legal institutions of the newly founded Islamic world were established.
		But this period which marked the expansion of both Islam and Islamic culture came to an end with the conquest of much of India in 1526 by Babur, one of the Timurid princes.
	www.usc.edu /dept/MSA/introduction/woi_history.html (1906 words)

	Jan Abas' Islamic Art Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Although in the present times Islamic Culture is not identified with rational Scientific thought and indeed this is sadly the case, nevertheless, if we are not discard the splendid achievements of the past, then Islamic art offers the most appropriate platform for the launching of the quest to unify science and art.
		The first person to clearly identify the unification achieved in Islamic art was the brilliant scientist and communicator Jacob Bronowski of Jewish extraction.
		So, we see that the merging of the mathematician and the artist is deeply embedded in the Islamic tradition of the past.
	www.bangor.ac.uk /%7Emas009/islampat.htm (642 words)

	Islamic Scientific Contributions to Civilization
		Although it is unlikely that we will ever know if the Muslims played a role in the development of the telescope, there are several well documented artistic and scientific accomplishments that were either discovered or perfected during The Golden Age of Islam (800-1000).
		During this time, Islamic scholars translated Greek, Indian and Persian texts, studied them, and helped to further investigations in the areas of math, science and medicine.
		Understanding the Muslims in terms of the intellectual contributions to later civilizations in the areas of science, geography, mathematics, philosophy, medicine, art and literature.
	score.rims.k12.ca.us /activity/rosen_islamic_science (1785 words)

	Program on Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization - The Fletcher School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is a dynamic time to study Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization.
		Since 1984, the Program in Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization has enjoyed a distinguished reputation not only within the Fletcher Community, but throughout the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs.
		The primary goal of this program is to imbue students with a multi-disciplinary approach in analyzing the political, economic, cultural and social conditions of Southwest Asia in order to prepare Fletcher graduates to successfully assume leadership positions in both the public and private sectors in this ever changing region of the world.
	fletcher.tufts.edu /swaic (239 words)

	[No title]
		The Koran (Qur'an), 114 chapters of Muhammad's divinely inspired revelations, is the Islamic scripture, which resembles Judaism and Christianity -- two religions that largely influence Muhammad.
		Abd al-Rahman of the Umayyad dynasty flees to Spain to escape the Abbasids and is responsible for the "Golden Caliphate" in Spain, the greatest Islamic civilization yet known.
		Until the sixteenth century, rule of Islamic civilization is decentralized and different sects are ruled by different rulers.
	eawc.evansville.edu /chronology/ispage.htm (2032 words)

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