Islamic conquest of Persia

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In the News (Tue 29 Dec 09)

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	index.asp?boardID=64097
		You want to discount 1300 years of Islam in Iran- if it weren't for those darn Arabs bringing Islam to Persia, them folks would be allies of the European zionists who usurped the land of Biladul Sham.
		Iran has the largest Jewish community in the Muslim world and their religion is recognized by the Islamic republic.
		If Iran was not under the yoke of Islam today and free to practice their own religions Israel and Iran would be close allies...
	www.belief.net /boards_mini/index.asp?boardID=64097 (867 words)

	How Have We Been Blind For This Long?
		History of Iran: The Sick Men of Persia: The Importance of Illness...
		Iran Amir Abbas Fakhravar Enslaved by petrifaction of its citizens'
		The Mantle of the Prophet; Religion and Politics in Iran.
	religiousconsultants.com /god/iran.htm (805 words)

	Articles - Pasargadae
		During the Islamic conquest of Iran, the Arab armies came upon the tomb and planned to destroy it, considering it to be in direct violation of the tenets of Islam.
		Its ruins lie 87 km (54 mi) northeast of Persepolis, in present Fars province of Iran (Persia), and was the first capital of the Persian Empire.
		The caretakers of the grave managed to convince the Arab command that the tomb was not built to honor Cyrus, but instead housed the mother of King Solomon, thus sparing it from destruction.
	www.lastring.com /articles/Pasargadae (517 words)

	Articles - List of Iran-related topics
		This is a list of topics related to Iran (Persia) and Persian culture:
		This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
	www.fanice.com /articles/List_of_Iran-related_topics (50 words)

	IRAN: UNDERSTANDING THE ENIGMA: A HISTORIANS' VIEW
		The word "Iran" was used especially in the empires that ruled for a few centuries before the seventh-century Islamic conquest of Iran and it continued to be used later, even when there was not a single state in the territory of today's Iran.
		In fact, "Iran" had been the most common indigenous name for the whole area since pre-Islamic times, while "Persia" was primarily a name for its southwest and "Persian" the name of Iran's main language.
		Pre-Islamic artistic and decorative skills, perhaps best shown by the magnificent ruins of the Achemenian palace at Persepolis, carried on into new arts and handicrafts in the Islamic period, with Persian miniatures and carpets best known in the West.
	meria.idc.ac.il /journal/1998/issue3/jv2n3a1.html (4849 words)

	caliphate -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		From 632 until 1258 the nominal ruling power in the Islamic world was the caliphate, an institution formed to head off a leadership crisis brought on by the death in 632 of Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
		Ruled by a caliph (Arabic khali“successor”), who held temporal and sometimes a degree of spiritual authority, the empire of the Caliphate grew rapidly through conquest during its first two...
		It was during the 'Abbasid rule, with its capital at Baghdad, that the golden age of Islamic literature began.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9273461 (799 words)

	Beacon Of Knowledge -- Program
		Since the Arab conquest of Persia in 16/637, Iran has been an important member of the Islamic community.
		In this paper, I shall discuss the development of public and private libraries in the Muslim world in general and in Iran in particular, and demonstrate their impact on the concept and the process of learning in that part of the world from the pre-Islamic period until the present century.
		The Orientalist approach provided an important foundation for study in terms of development of texts, editions, and translations, but it tended to be based on the assumptions of the positivist rationalism of the Western disciplines in the social sciences and especially in the humanities.
	beaconofknowledge.com /program.htm (799 words)

	Royalty.nu - Royalty & Monarchy in Iran and Persia - Persian Royal History
		The medieval period of Persia's history began with its conquest by the Muslim Arabs in the seventh century AD and gave way to the modern period at the end of the 18th century.
		Persia and the West: An Archaeological Investigation of the Genesis of Achaemenid Persian Art by John Boardman.
		Military history of Xerxes I of Persia's war against Greece.
	www.royalty.nu /MiddleEast/Iran (799 words)

	Ancient Persia
		The culture of Ancient Persia (and its characteristic Zoroastrian religion) can be seen as coming to an end with the Islamic conquest of the Iranianplateau in the 7th century.
		Ancient Persia refers to a province in the southern Iranianplateau after it was settled by Iranian language speakingtribes, and more generally, to the entire Iranian plateau and the empire thereof, after Persia proper's rise to politicalhegemony.
		This Median empire in turn fell to Cyrus the Great, who extended the dominion of Persia's Achaemenid dynasty across the Near East in the 6th century BC.
	www.therfcc.org /ancient-persia-14841.html (799 words)

	Sassanid Dynasty articles and news from Start Learning Now
		632-642: Reign of Yazdegerd IIIYazdgird III 636: Decisive Sssanid defeat at the Battle of al-QÄdisiyyah during the Islamic conquest of Iran.
		After The Sassanids came to power in Persia in 226 A.D. The second emperor, Shapur I (240-270), extended his authority eastwards into what is today Pakistan and northwestern India and the previously autonomous Kushans were obliged to accept his suzerainty.
		During Heraclius's campaign in the Persian Empire in the 620s, mutual suspicion arose between Khosrau II and his general Shahrbaraz of PersiaShahrbaraz.
	www.startlearningnow.com /SassanidSassanids.htm (3756 words)

	The History Guy: The War List
		This is a pretty watered-down, basic description of this rivalry, but these two nations have fought many, many wars, and William's conquest of England was the starting point for many of the earlier ones.
		King Henry VIII of England won a favorable peace from France after winning the Battle of the Spurs on August 16, 1513.
		In North America the colonial aspect of the conflict was known as King William's War.
	www.historyguy.com /War_list.html (4061 words)

	Sassanid Dynasty articles and news from Start Learning Now
		632-642: Reign of Yazdegerd IIIYazdgird III 636: Decisive Sssanid defeat at the Battle of al-QÄdisiyyah during the Islamic conquest of Iran.
		During Heraclius's campaign in the Persian Empire in the 620s, mutual suspicion arose between Khosrau II and his general Shahrbaraz of PersiaShahrbaraz.
		Although the Kushan empire declined at the end of the 3rd century, leading to the rise to power of an indigenous Indian dynasty, the Guptas, in the 4th century, it is clear that Sassanid influence remained relevant in the north-west of India.
	www.startlearningnow.com /SassanidSassanids.htm (3757 words)

	Iranica: Decoration
		An amalgamation of pre-Islamic and Islamic decorative features is also evident in a group of slip-painted ceramics from 10th- and 11th-century Khorasan, especially those painted in black with touches of red on a pure white ground.
		In later Islamic buildings brick or terracotta decoration was used to highlight key areas of exterior facades, but the flexibility of carved or painted stucco was preferred for interior decoration.
		In the 13th and early 14th centuries the formulation of a new decorative vocabulary was accompanied by a change in the structure of patronage fostered by the Mongol conquest.
	www.iranian.com /Iranica/Sept97/Decor (3757 words)

	Islamic History in Arabia and Middle East
		Now with the Battle of Nihavand, called the "Conquest of Conquests," 'Umar sealed the fate of Persia; henceforth it was to be one of the most important provinces in the Muslim Empire.
		After the death of 'Umar an advisory council composed of Companions of the Prophet selected as the third caliph 'Uthman, during whose rule the first serious strains on Islamic unity would appear.
		The conflict came to a climax in 657 at Siffin, near the Euphrates, and eventually resulted in a major division between the Sunnis or Sunnites and the Shi'is (also called Shi'ites or Shi'ah), the "Partisans" of 'Ali- a division that was to color the subsequent history of Islam.
	www.islamicity.com /mosque/ihame/Sec3.htm (3757 words)

	INTRODUCTION
		Len his defence of the Islamic institutions-he implies that religion is something quite differnt from meta physics, yet in his general treatment he is firmly convinced of their identity that he regards religion as applied metaphysics, and to a great extent antici pates the views of the modern Neo-Hegelian school of England.
		With the expansion of the Arab conquest, and the consequent enlargement of mental outlook, this primitive custom gradually developed into a Political Theory carefully constructed, as we shall see, by the constitutional lawyers of Islam through reflective criticism on the revelations of the political experience.
		In correspondence with these three stages of the Absolute Development, the perfect man has three stages of spiritual training, but in his case the process of development must be the reverse, because his is a process of ascent while the Absolute Being had under gone e the process of descent.
	www34.brinkster.com /iqballife/eng-a.html (3757 words)

	Introducing Variant Chess
		The Arabs acquired chess through their conquest of Persia in the decades following the death of Mohammad (632), and the game quickly prospered with them, perhaps in part because other games involving dice and gambling were proscribed.
		The Chatrang-namak, tells of the introduction of chess to Persia from India in the time of Khusraw I (Shah 531-578).
		The 8 by 8 game originated in India as Chaturanga some time before 550, was taken up in Persia as Chatrang, and then by the Islamic empire as Shatranj.
	homepages.stayfree.co.uk /gpj/gvc.htm (3757 words)

	THE RISE OF ISLAM - Ibrahim Stwodah's Home page
		During this time, the spread of Islam and conquest of Arabia were completed, and Islamic rule was extended through much of the Middle East and North Africa (9).
		Islam rapidly extended eastwards across Persia, Central Asia, went to India, China, and nearby regions; westwards it swept across Egypt and Northern Africa, reached Europe, and later crossed the Atlantic Ocean, landing in the Americas.
		By profession a librarian and by faith a Muslim who was born in Kabul, Afghanistan, I pursued searching the topic of "The Rise of Islam; An Historical Outline" which was given to me for a 15 minute presentation in the ISLAMIC FORUM that was scheduled at Longwood College, Farmville, Virginia on September 19, 1996.
	www.longwood.edu /staff/stwodahim/islam1.htm (4572 words)

	TIMELINE 7th CENTURY page of ULTIMATE SCIENCE FICTION WEB GUIDE
		Islamic History of the 7th Century 614 Persians capture Jerusalem, Patriarch Zacharias and Christian population with True Cross sent as prisoners to Persia The Byzantine Empire in the 7th Century 614: Invitation to the Hashimites to accept Islam.
		Islamic History of the 7th Century 638 Arabs capture Jerusalem The Byzantine Empire in the 7th Century 639: Conquest of Khuizistan.
		Islamic History of the 7th Century 691-2 Caliph Abd al Malik constructs the Dome of the Rock (mosque) at Jerusalem The Byzantine Empire in the 7th Century 692 Council in Trullo held in Constantinople, issues 102 canons The Byzantine Empire in the 7th Century 692: The fall of Makkah.
	www.magicdragon.com /UltimateSF/timeline7.html (4572 words)

	Amazon.com: Sunset of Empire: Stories from the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, Vol. 3 (Stories from the Shahnameh of Ferdowski): Books: Dick Davis,Firdawsi
		Here the mighty events that shook ancient Persia from the time of Alexander of Macedon’s conquest to the Arab invasion of the seventh century C.E. are reflected in the stirring and poignant narratives of Ferdowsi, the master poet who took on himself the task of preserving his country’s great pre-Islamic heritage.
		This prodigious national epic, composed by the poet Ferdowsi between 980 and 1010, tells the story of ancient Persia, beginning in the mythic time of Creation and continuing forward to the Arab-Islamic invasion.
		The Tragedy of Sohrab and Rostam: From the Persian National Epic, the Shahname of Abdol-Qasem Ferdowsi (Publications on the Near East, University of Washington) by Abolqasem Ferdowsi
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/093421168X?v=glance (860 words)

	History of Chess
		0638 Islamic conquest of Persia, changes Chatrang to Shatranj.
		0651 Arabic conquest of Persia completed; Shatranj popularized.
		0946 As-Suli died at Basra; strongest Shatranj player in Baghdad.
	www.unc.edu /~yoonmik/hppa_85/technical_projects/history_of_chess.html (1827 words)

	Chess - Open Encyclopedia
		From India it migrated to Persia, and spread throughout the Islamic world after the Muslim conquest of Persia, although some Islamic scholars consider chess to be haraam (prohibited), whether or not it is played with the intention of gambling.
		Kasparov's defeat to Deeper Blue has inspired the creation of a new game called Arimaa which is still played with a standard chess set, but is much more difficult for computers.
		Kasparov versus The World, in which the reigning world champion played, via the Internet, against the entire rest of the world in consultation (1999)
	open-encyclopedia.com /Chess (1636 words)

	Chess - Info, Tricks, Cheats, Walkthroughs, & Links
		From India it migrated to Persia, and spread throughout the Islamic world after the Muslim conquest of Persia, although some Islamic scholars consider chess to be haraam (prohibited), whether or not it is played with the intention of gambling.
		Later, chess spread westwards to Europe and eastwards as far as Korea, spawning variants as it went.
	www.kurdistanline.com /Chess.html (821 words)

	Definition of History of Tajikistan
		During their reign, the Samanids supported the revival of the written Persian language in the wake of the Arab Islamic conquest in the early 8th century and played an important role in preserving the culture of the pre-Islamic Persian-speaking world.
		The Samanids were one of the first purely indigenous dynasties to rule in Persia following the Muslim Arab conquest.
		Astrakhanid (Janid) dynasty (1598-1740) The period of political expansion and economical prosperity was short-lived.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/History_of_Tajikistan (2708 words)

	Empire
		Conquest of the Empire Conquest of the Empire is a Rome.
		Mongol Empire Timeline The Mongol Empire was founded by Islamic world in Iraq, Persia, and Asia Minor.
		The Empire (Warhammer) The Empire is one of the political factions and armies of the Switzerland.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/empire.html (2730 words)

	WORLD ENCYCLOPAEDIA - Uzbekistan - The Early Islamic Period
		The Arabs first invaded Mawarannahr in the middle of the seventh century through sporadic raids during their conquest of Persia.
		Available sources on the Arab conquest suggest that the Soghdians and other Iranian peoples of Central Asia were unable to defend their land against the Arabs because of internal divisions and the lack of strong indigenous leadership.
		The Arabs, on the other hand, were led by a brilliant general, Qutaybah ibn Muslim, and they also were highly motivated by the desire to spread their new faith (the official beginning of which was in A.D. Because of these factors, the population of Mawarannahr was easily conquered.
	encyclopaedic.net /world/uzbekistan/2.php (2730 words)

	Chess - Wikipedia
		From India it migrated to Persia, and spread throughout the Islamic world after the muslim conquest of Persia.
		It was introduced into Spain by the Moors in the 10th century, where a famous games manuscript covering chess, backgammon, and dice, named the Libros de las Juegos, was written under the sponsorship of Alphonso X of Spain during the 13th century.
		Chess reached England in the 11th century, and evolved through various versions such as Courier.
	nostalgia.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chess (2730 words)

	Dari (Zoroastrian) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The period since the seventh-century Muslim conquest of Persia has been a time of great persecution for the Zoroastrians of Iran.
		While Dari is spoken in a geographical area that is predominately Muslim, it is the proprietary language of the area’s Zoroastrians, followers of the pre-Islamic religion of Iran.
		The language that originally bore the name Dari was the official spoken language of the Sasanian court and bureaucracy, a language that approximated the official written language, Pahlavi (Middle Persian).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dari_(Zoroastrian) (1350 words)

	Chess - Cunnan
		From India it migrated to Persia and mutated into the game of Shatranj (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj), and spread throughout the Islamic world after the Muslim conquest of Persia.
		It was introduced into Spain by the Moors in the 10th century, where a famous games manuscript covering chess, backgammon, and dice named the Libro de los juegos, was written under the sponsorship of Alfonso X of Castile during the 13th century.
		Chess reached England in the 11th century, and evolved through various versions such as Courier.
	cunnan.sca.org.au /wiki/Chess (425 words)

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Topic: Islamic conquest of Persia

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