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Topic: Islamic fundamentalism

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	Fundamentalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fundamentalism is a continuing historical phenomenon, illustrated by the creation of the Sikh Khalsa Panth in 1699, it is increasingly a modern phenomenon, characterized by a sense of embattled alienation in the midst of the surrounding culture, even where the culture may be nominally influenced by the adherents' religion.
		The "fundamentals" of the religion have been jettisoned by neglect, lost through compromise and inattention, so that the general religious community's explanation of itself appears to the separatist to be in terms that are completely alien and fundamentally hostile to the religion itself.
		Fundamentalism is therefore a movement through which the adherents attempt to rescue religious identity from absorption into modern, Western culture, where this absorption appears to the enclave to have made irreversible progress in the wider religious community, necessitating the assertion of a separate identity based upon the fundamental or founding principles of the religion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fundamentalism (4020 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Islamic fundamentalism
		Islamic fundamentalism thus describes a religious conservatism which forms part of the spectrum of modern Muslim societies.
		Islamic fundamentalism and especially Islamism is becoming more and more in conflict with the secular, democratic state, based upon the widely supported Universal Rights (as in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
		Many modern Islamic writers and imams (as Soheib Bencheikh, Mohammed Arkoun, Bassam Tibi, Abdoldjavad Falaturi and Nasr Abu Zayd write on a modern, secular interpretation that is perfectly compatible with modern secular democracy and with the legislation in the EU-states).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism (961 words)

	Islamic fundamentalism
		Islamic movements such as Hamas, Islamic Jihad, Hezbollah, FIS, etc. have been persistently attacked and condemned, and unjustly misrepresented as "murderers", with next to no explanations as to how and why they formed, what their objectives are, why and what they are fighting for.
		Islamic parties such as Hizb-ut-Tahrir and Al-Muhajiroun are labelled just as harshly because of their support c' a" political struggle for the sake of Islam, despite their repeated explanations that they do riot believe in physical war-fare outside enemy occupied Muslim land and adopt non-violent methods.
		It is blatant that 'Islamic Fundamentalism' is largely perceived as derogatory, accused of being "anti-peace" and "anti-humanity".
	geocities.com /jfsa75/Islam_a_complete_way_of_life/fundamentalism.htm (734 words)

	Islamic fundamentalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Islamic fundamentalism is a religious ideology which advocates literalist interpretations of the sacred texts of Islam, Sharia law, and an Islamic State.
		Islamic fundamentalists assert that a correct interpretation of Islam relies solely on the Qur'an, Hadith and Sunnah, excluding tradition and popular practice.
		Further, the path to peace and justice lies in a return to the original message of Islam, combined with a scrupulous rejection of all Bid'ah ("innovation") and perceived anti-Islamic traditions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism (263 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		As do the fundamentalist movements of other religions, Islamic fundamentalism holds that the problems of the world stem from modern influences, and that the path to salvation lies in a return to the original message of the faith, combined with a scrupulous rejection of all innovation (termed Bid'ah in Islamic terminology) and outside traditions.
		Islamic fundamentalism is not only a religious movement; it is also a political movement.
		Perhaps the most notable example of Islamic fundamentalism was the old Taliban regime of Afghanistan, ousted in late 2001.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/i/is/islamic_fundamentalism.html (287 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism - MSN Encarta
		Islamic Fundamentalism, diverse political and social movements in Muslim countries of North Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia, which have as their goal national government based on the principles and values of Islam.
		The reassertion of Islam and Islamic values in Muslim politics and society over the past 30 years is often referred to in the West as the rise of Islamic fundamentalism.
		As Islamic symbols, slogans, ideology, and organizations became prominent fixtures in Muslim politics in the 1980s, Libya’s Muammar Qaddafi, Pakistan’s General Muhammad Zia ul-Haq, and other government leaders appealed to Islam in order to enhance their legitimacy and authority and to mobilize popular support.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_701505583/Fundamentalism_Islamic.html (1294 words)

	The Myth of Islamic Fundamentalism
		Fourthly, fundamentalism was shocked to the core and its membership plummeted in the recent past as incidences of sexual and financial scandals came to the surface in the early 90's, involving some of the most prominent fundamentalist ministers.
		According to Armstrong (1992), Islamic revivalism is, by far, the movement of the young, the educated and the disenchanted.
		By the Divine decree in the Qur'an and according to the Sunnah of the Prophet(p), Shura is the fundamental principle of polity in Islam.
	www.geocities.com /CollegePark/6453/myth.html (7287 words)

	Islamic fundamentalism
		The philosophical roots of Islamic fundamentalism are largely the result of a conscious attempt to revive and restate the theoretical relevance of Islam in the modern world.
		Hence the fundamental principles of Islam were considered by Qutb to consist in their delineation of God's divinity as well as human servitude in carrying out the tenets of the message as handed down to the seal of the prophets, Muhammad.
		In Islamic fundamentalism, the affinity between philosophy and natural science, an axiom of classical and medieval thought (see Natural philosophy, medieval), is ruptured and deemed to be unwarranted.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/H007.htm (2429 words)

	Esposito: Fumdamentalism
		Contemporary Islamic fundamentalism has manifested itself in personal and political life, from greater emphasis on religious observances such as prayer, fasting, Islamic dress, and family values to the reassertion of Islam in politics.
		Islamic law, the Shar'iah, was rooted in divine revelation, the Qur`an, and Sunna (example, or model behaviour, of the Prophet).
		While some governments and experts identify Islamic fundamentalism as a major threat to the stability of their societies and to global politics, others point out that it is important to distinguish between authentic populist movements that are willing to participate within the system and rejectionists who seek to topple governments through violent revolution.
	www.ag-afghanistan.de /funda.htm (1599 words)

	Iran News - Feature : Islamic Fundamentalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		This paper argues that the root cause of the rise of Islamic fundamentalism, to a large extent, has been foreign interference in domestic politics, which affected the other aspects of societal life in Muslim countries, as it is the case in Iran.
		Islamic revitalisation was part of that resistance, first started by Jamal-al-Din Asad-Abadi who outlined the basis for radical Islam or Islamic fundamentalism.
		But fundamentalism was the matter of defeat, because when people are fearful and threatened, they tend to accentuate the aggressive aspects of Islam and disregard those that speak of compassion and justice.
	iranmania.com /News/ArticleView?NewsCode=22076&NewsKind=Current+Affairs (9416 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism: A Survey, by Bruce Gourley
		Although Islamic fundamentalism is indeed a modern phenomenon, it cannot be properly understood apart from the larger context of Islamic faith and Muslim history.
		Ultimately, Islamic fundamentalism is religious in nature, and in approaching the subject one must examine “the dynamics of the expansion of Islam as a world religion of salvation.”
		However, Banna’s efforts to use politics to enact Islamic law in Egypt led to state persecution of the group by the late 1940s, which in turn led to the assassination of the Egyptian monarch by a Muslim Brother, for which Banna was assassinated in reprisal.
	www.brucegourley.com /fundamentalism/islamicfundamentalismintro2.htm (3191 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism in Somalia: its nature and implications
		Islamic fundamentalism in Somalia cannot be fully understood outside the context of international Islamic terrorist grouping and the post 1991 stateless situation in Somalia.
		Evidently, Islamic fundamentalism is being used as an alternative unifying factor (ideology) by the Somali fundamentalist movement.
		Somali islamic fundamentalists, mainly the Al-itihad, are not only against Ethiopia or the neighboring countries both in intent and in practice, but also against the secular and civilized world and anti-American in orientation.
	www.somaliawatch.org /archivesep01/011128401.htm (1777 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism. (Yasmin Mather) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The rise of Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East coincided with disillusionment with Marxist, secular ideologies and the failures of Stalinist parties.
		In Egypt, Algeria and Iraq the popularity of fundamentalism was a reaction to the failures of Arab nationalism and Baathism, and in Afghanistan it was a direct consequence of the failure of the Stalinist state.
		Let us remember that the rise of Islamic fundamentalism had a lot to do with the envy of the merchants of the bazaar who could never match the colossal fortunes gathered by the industrial bourgeoisie around the court and the state in the previous regime.
	www.isf.org.uk /ISFJournal/ISF3/IslamicFundamentalism.htm (3514 words)

	The Menace of Islamic Fundamentalism and the Hypocrisy of Imperialism
		Another Islamic scholar Maualna Hasrat Mohani was so inspired by the Bolshevik revolution that he moved to the left and ultimately became the general secretary of the Communist Party of India in 1924.
		The corruption and looting of these democratic rulers further strengthened the basis for Islamic fundamentalism to thrive in a milieu where the revolutionary alternative was nowhere to be seen on the political horizon.
		In reality Islamic fundamentalism is a reactionary phenomenon representing a peculiar phase of a sick capitalist society, a society that has stagnated due to the organic crisis of capitalism.
	www.marxist.com /Asia/islamic_fund_ism1100.html (4370 words)

	[No title]
		Bassam Tibi (1998:ix) Religious and Islamic Fundamentalism Islam is obviously an open-minded and inclusive faith, and is not an intolerant political ideology nor is a religion which forces people to embrace.
		Islamic fundamentalism has displayed a terrifying face of Islam because of its characters, mainly in exerting an aggressive agenda for the politicization of the religion to achieve certain objectives.
		Dimension of Fundamentalism in the Formalization of Sharia in Indonesia One of the backslides of the reform movement, aside from the return of the New Order and military power onto the political stage under Megawati’s administration, has been the growing demands for formalization of sharia.
	www.law.emory.edu /IHR/worddocs/lily3.doc (3267 words)

	Religious Movements Homepage: Fundamentalism
		Entitled "The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth," these booklets were authored by leading evangelical churchmen and were circulated free of charge among clergymen and seminarians.
		By and large, fundamentalism was a response to the loss of influence traditional revivalism experienced in America during the early years of the twentieth century.
		Focus is on the rise of fundamentalism in America's largest Protestant denomination (Southern Baptists) and the subsequent impact of that rise on women.
	religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu /nrms/fund.html (2497 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism's War Against Women
		As Islamic fundamentalists seize the power or the social agenda of one country after another, there has been a steady flight of the affluent and the educated as well as the poor.
		"Islamic fundamentalism is not a religious movement," Helie-Lucas says wearily, and I sense that she has made this argument hundreds of times, "it is a political movement.
		Although she likens the appeals of Islamic fundamentalism to "fast food" and "an infectious allergy," she is reluctant to make it her enemy.
	www.webcom.com /hrin/magazine/july96/muslim.html (4366 words)

	The Wisdom Fund - Fundamentalism and Islam
		Michael Gilsenan has argued that the differences are so great from one district to another that the term 'Islam' or 'fundamentalism' is simply not useful in defining the current attempt to articulate the experience of people in the Middle East during the post-colonial period.
		Fundamentalism is a term popularly used to describe strict adherence to Christian doctrines based on a literal interpretation of the Bible.
		The name fundamentalist was coined in 1920 to designate those "doing battle royal for the Fundamentals." Also figuring in the name was The Fundamentals, a 12-volume collection of essays written in the period 1910-15 by 64 British and American scholars and preachers.
	www.twf.org /Library/Fundamentalism.html (748 words)

	Shades of Islamic Fundamentalism
		The conservative position -- in which, quantitatively, the majority of the population in the world that declares itself religious is classified -- does not accept either the radical separation of the Enlightenment or the fundamental fusion of religion and culture.
		In Islam, in particular, fundamentalism is a modern form that seeks to restore the Islamic law with the political instruments of the 20th century.
		But this is a methodological attitude, which doesn't mean at all to reduce religion or fundamentalism to a phenomenon that has predominantly economic motivations.
	www.aina.org /news/20041108184341.htm (642 words)

	Palestine Center - Islamic Fundamentalism
		The emergence of Islamic fundamentalism among Palestinians, in both Palestine and the Diaspora, and the rise of Islamic political groups in the Occupied Territories started in the late 1970s and coincided with an Islamic revival throughout the Arab world.
		The rise of Islamic fundamentalism among Palestinians may be attributed to a number of factors.
		The intifada defined the content of Palestinian Islamic fundamentalism as nationalist and political, projecting it as a movement whose primary objectives, as illustrated by the charter of the Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS), were resistance to Israeli occupation and liberation of Palestine.
	www.palestinecenter.org /palestine/fundamentalism.html (511 words)

	Islamic Fundamentalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Such is the strength of support for the GIA the armed islamic group that parts of the country, including districts of the capital have become no go areas for the police.
		Anti islamics have claimed they are setting up armed groups and self defence cells to resist the Fundamentalists, bringing a thirds force into the conflict which has pitted the security forces against the fundamentalists.
		Most of Turkeys 60 million people are muslims but fundamentalism is seen "as much as a bogeyman to the educated middle class there as it is in the west" Turks do not like being mistaken for Arabs or Iranians.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/talks/fundam.html (1476 words)

	Cover story: Islam -- Islamic Fundamentalism Feared, Misunderstood
		But despite the growing perception in this country that Islamic fundamentalism poses a threat to the United States, many Americans have only a minimal understanding of who Islamic fundamentalists are, what they believe and why their ranks continue to grow.
		Countries where Islamic parties have been allowed to compete in elections, in Jordan or Yemen or some of the South Asian countries, they’ve tended to be fairly moderate and responsible in terms of parliamentary debate.
		These movements are often rooted in legitimate grievances voiced by underrepresented and oppressed segments of the population, particularly the poor And the U.S. is increasingly identified with the political, social and economic forces that are responsible for their misery,” Zunes wrote.
	ncronline.org /NCR_Online/archives2/2004d/100804/100804a.php (1942 words)

	Stop Islamic Fundamentalism - Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The humiliation of Ali Akbar Rafsanjani, the head of the Expediency Council and former President of the mullahs’ regime, during a speech in the holy city of Qom on June 3 once again underscored the depth of internal crisis the ruling theocracy in Iran is facing.
		With all the “capacity” of impudence and obscenity he holds for himself, he had lost control and it seemed as if he did not expect to be isolated by those who used to call him the “foundation of the regime” and the “man of war” before the fall of the mullahs’ regime.
		Stop Fundamentalism - A group of Iranian militias announced Sunday that they were “setting up a fund to demolish Israel.” The announcement took place at an event attended by a high-ranking member of the elite Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
	www.stopfundamentalism.com (1320 words)

	Islamic Herald - Fundamentalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		In the past decade almost all Islamic revivalist movements have been labeled fundamentalists, whether they be of extremist or moderate origin.
		Because in the case of Islam all Muslims believe in absolute inerrency of the Quran, since it is a basic Islamic tenet.
		It is this dual definition that is unfair to the Islamic faith.
	www.ais.org /~bsb/Herald/Previous/495/fundamentalism.html (432 words)

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