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Topic: Islamic mathematics

	History of mathematics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mathematical study in Egypt later continued under the Islamic Caliphate as part of Islamic mathematics, when Arabic became the written language of Egyptian scholars.
		Greek mathematics studied from the time of the Hellenistic period (from 323 BC) refers to all mathematics of those who wrote in the Greek language, since Greek mathematics was now not only written by Greeks but also non-Greek scholars throughout the Hellenistic world, which was spread across the Eastern end of the Mediterranean.
		The Islamic Caliphate (Islamic Empire) established across the Middle East, North Africa, Iberia, and in parts of India (in Pakistan) in the 8th century preserved and translated much of the Hellenistic mathematics (from Greek to Arabic) that was largely forgotten in Europe at the time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_mathematics (5411 words)

	Islamic art - tScholars.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Islamic art throughout history has been mainly abstract and decorative, portraying geometric, floral, Arabesque, and calligraphic designs.
		The lack of portraiture is due to the fact that early Islam forbade the painting of human beings, including the Prophet, as Muslims believe this tempts followers of the Prophet to idolatry.
		Islamic art is centered usually around Allah, and since Allah cannot be represented by imagery ["All you believe him to be, he is not"], geometric patterns are used.
	www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Islamic_art (509 words)

	Islamic mathematics
		Islamic mathematics and Arabic mathematics are modern historical terms for the mathematical sciences in Islamic civilization from the beginning of Islam (A.D. 622) until the 17th century.
		The Islamic mathematical tradition was a continuation of the traditions of ancient Greece, India and pre-Islamic Iran.
		On mathematics education in Islamic India, with emphasis on the transmission of Euclid's Elements and Arabic and Persian commentaries.
	www.math.uu.nl /people/hogend/Islamath.html (7938 words)

	last minute Geometry - last-minute-report.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		For example, both the Egyptians and the Babylonians were aware of versions of the Pythagorean theorem about 1500 years before Pythagoras; the Egyptians had a correct formula for the volume of a frustum of a square pyramid; the Babylonians had a trigonometry table.
		Although Thabit ibn Qurra (born 836) contributed to a number of areas in mathematics, where he played an important role in preparing the way for such important mathematical discoveries as the extension of the concept of number to (positive) real numbers, integral calculus, theorems in spherical trigonometry, analytic geometry, and non-Euclidean geometry.
		It remained to be proven mathematically that the non-Euclidean geometry was just as self-consistent as Euclidean geometry, and this was first accomplished by Beltrami in 1868.
	last-minute-report.com /Geometry (3320 words)

	The renaissance of astronomy in Baghdad: Publications
		Perhaps we should not call it "Islamic astronomy", but rather "astronomy in Islamic civilization", for a substantial number of the contributors were not Muslims, but rather Christians, Jews or Sabians; these were, however, always a minority on the overall scene.
		The reader should also be aware that this is not a bibliography of Islamic astronomy as such; also, many works on early Islamic mathematics could have been included but have not been.
		171-202, and "Mathematical Astrology in the Islamic Tradition" (dealing with houses, rays and progressions), to appear in the proceedings of a conference "New perspectives on science in medieval Islam" held at the Dibner Institute, Cambridge, Mass., during Nov. 6-8, 1998.
	web.uni-frankfurt.de /fb13/ign/astronomy_in_baghdad/bibliography.html (8541 words)

	The Math Forum - Math Library - History/Biography
		The development of comparatively simple mathematics (through the calculus, for example) is now well documented, principally as part of the study of the development of scientific ideas in distinct human cultures through the 18th century.
		The development of mathematics in the last couple of centuries is instead more frequently studied thematically - that is, the worldwide development of algebra, or statistics, say - or through the lives of individual mathematicians.
		In many respects the mathematics studied today is far closer in style to that of the Arabic/Islamic contribution than to that of the Greeks.
	www.mathforum.org /library/topics/history (3101 words)

	Arab Science & Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		IIASA - The Institute of Islamic and Arabic Sciences in America
		Articles and Links on Islamic Medicine and Science
		Islamic Alchemy in the context of Islamic Science
	www.arabinfoseek.com /arab_science_&_technology.htm (64 words)

	AMU CHMA NEWSLETTER #19 (12/27/97)
		At the 1996 Oberwolfach Meeting on the History of Mathematics (Oberwolfach, Germany, November 3-9, 1996), Jan Hogendijk (Utrecht University, Netherlands) and Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) presented the theme "Mathematics in the Medieval Islamic world" and Marcia Ascher (Ithaca, USA) gave a talk "Historical Studies on Ethnomathematics" during which she analysed mathematical aspects of divination in Madagascar.
		* Ahmed Djebbar: Combinatorics in Islamic mathematics (230-232);
		Overview of the development of mathematics at the Makerere University since its creation in 1922; brief information on the Uganda Mathematical Society established in 1972 under the leadership of Paul Mugambi - "the grandfather of mathematics in the country" (p.30).
	www.math.buffalo.edu /mad/AMU/amu_chma_19.html (3896 words)

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