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Topic: Ismail I of Samanid

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	AllRefer.com - Samanid, Iran History (Iranian History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		The Samanids were one of the first purely indigenous dynasties to rule in Persia following the Muslim Arab conquest.
		In 900, Ismail defeated the Saffarids in Khorasan, while his brother was the governor of Transoxiana; thus, Samanid rule was acclaimed over the combined regions.
		Persian influence was felt immediately, and the cities of Bukhara (the Samanid capital) and Samarkand became centers of Persian art and literature; industries included pottery making and bronze casting.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Samanid.html (281 words)

	All Empires - The Samanid Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Ismail (shown in picture)l conquered many places, and a territory of his kingdom was wide spread all over today's Central Asia, Afghanistan, and eastern Iran, however in the time of his successors we can observe the autonomy of the regions.
		The successors of Ismail could not continue his policy, and they left under the influence of their Turkish guard, who became dominant in the court (Alp-Tegin and later established by him Ghaznawid dynasty), and alongside with the Qarakhanids ended the rule of the Samanids in 999.
		Samanid loyalty towards the Abbsaid Sunni caliphs might be explained from the religious point of view as an understandable recognition because of their belonging to the same branch of Islam.
	www.allempires.com /empires/samanid/samanid1.htm (3054 words)

	History of Tajikistan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The current Tajik Republic hearkens back to the Samanid Empire (A.D.) that ruled what is now Tajikistan as well as territory to the south and west, as a role model and the name of their currency (Somoni).
		During their reign, the Samanids supported the revival of the written Persian language in the wake of the Arab Islamic conquest in the early 8th century and played an important role in preserving the culture of the pre-Islamic Persian-speaking world.
		All in all, "the volume of Arabic lexicon, its share in the vocabulary of the Dari language remained exceptionally high until the first quarter of the nineteenth century." The Samanid dynasty, that ruled (819–1005) in Khorasan (Eastern Iran) and Transoxiana, was founded by Saman-Khuda.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Tajikistan (3116 words)

	Encyclopedia: Persian-Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Safavid Shah Ismail I overthrew the White Sheep Turkish rulers of Persia to found a new native Persian empire.
		Ismail expanded Persia to include all of present-day Azerbaijan, Iran, and Iraq, plus much of Afghanistan.
		Ismail's expansion was halted by the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, and war with the Ottomans became a fact of life in Safavid Persia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Persian_Empire (10809 words)

	The Politics of History in Tajikistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Samanid Empire was the last time that the bulk of Iranian lands became the domain of an Iranian ruler, in the traditions of the Achaemenids and the Sasanians.
		Ismail Samanid and his successors were still pictured as feudal overlords whose empire was constantly weakened by the conflict between the ruler and the ruled.
		Another new motif that contributes to the explanation of the ignominious end of the Samanids is that of the loss of traditional spiritual values, the diminished vigilance, the weakening of discipline, and the excessive luxury and outright debauchery which enabled barbarian Turks to defeat civilized Tajiks.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~asiactr/haq/200101/0101a003.htm (5600 words)

	The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire - Chapter 13
		Ismail bin Ahmad then took Bactria from the Saffarids in 903, causing their harsh rulers to retreat to central Iran.
		The Samanids were Sunni, but Nasr II was also sympathetic to the Shiite and Ismaili sects.
		The Samanids were even sympathetic to the much-persecuted Manichaeans, and many found refuge in Samarqand during their rule.
	www.berzinarchives.com /e-books/historic_interaction_buddhist_islamic/history_cultures_13.html (2186 words)

	ninemsn Encarta - Search View - Iran
		Nonetheless, Iran remained submerged in the new Arab empire of the caliphate until the 9th century, when the general Ya’qub ebn Leys rejected the Abbasid caliphs’ claims of political suzerainty and seized the fertile Iranian lowlands.
		After his death in 879, his successors lost power to the caliphs through internal feuding and were replaced by the Samanid dynasty of governors.
		Ismail’s reign marked the advent of modern Iran, the greatest Shiite state.
	au.encarta.msn.com /text_761567300__1/Iran.html (11771 words)

	Marijuana.Com Marijuana Seeds & Drug Test Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Ismail I embraced Shi'a Islam, which he made mandatory for the whole nation upon penalty of death.
		Ismail forced conversion of the local population (which was predominantly Sunni at the time) to Shi'ism.
		However the brief puppet regime of Ismail III ended in 1760 when Karim Khan felt strong enough take nominal power of the country as well and officially end the Safavid dynasty.
	67.15.54.21 /wiki/Safavid (2160 words)

	History of Iran: Samanid Dynasty
		Ahmad's son Nasr became governor of Transoxania in 875 CE, but it was his brother and successor, Ismail I (892-907 CE), who overthrew the Saffarids in Khorasan (900 CE) and the Zaydites of Tabaristan, thus establishing a semiautonomous rule over Transoxania and Khorasan, with Bukhara as his capital.
		Ismail conquered many places, and a territory of his kingdom was wide spread all over today's Central Asia, Afghanistan, and eastern Iran, however in the time of his successors we can observe the autonomy of the regions.
		The successors of Ismail could not continue his policy, and they left under the influence of their Turkish guard, who became dominant in the court (Alp-Takin and later established by him Ghaznavid dynasty), and alongside with the Qarakhanids ended the rule of the Samanids in 999 CE.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/samanids/samanids.php (831 words)

	Iransaga - Persian Art, The Samanids
		The Samanid rulers were great art patrons and they turned Bukhara and Samarkand in Transoxiana into famous cultural centres.
		Mausoleum of Ismail the Samanid, Bukhara, USSR c.
		On the other hand, Khorasan pottery of the Samanid period, known primarily from material excavated at Nishapur, did not eliminate the human form, and there are examples of human figures against backgrounds abounding in animals, flowers and inscriptions.
	www.art-arena.com /samanid.htm (473 words)

	GHAZNI - LoveToKnow Article on GHAZNI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		A very considerable trade in fruit, wool, skins, andc.,is carried on between Ghazni and India by the Povindah kafilas, which yearly enter India in the late autumn and pass back again to the Afghan highlands in the early spring.
		In the latter part of the 9th century the family of the Samanid, sprung from Samarkand, reigned in splendour at Bokhara.
		Alptagin, originally a Turkish slave, and high in the service of the dynasty, about the middle of the 10th century, losing the favor of the court, wrested Ghazni from its chief (who is styled Abu Bakr Lawik, wali of Ghazni), and established himself there.
	28.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GH/GHAZNI.htm (2458 words)

	Untitled Document
		Within the early Islamic period of the Central Asia, one of the outstanding political entities was the Samanid kingdom.
		Ismail Samanid mausoleum in Bokhara is the oldest Islamic monument surviving in the area.
		The Ismail mausoleum structure is modeled after Zoroasterian fire temples of earlier periods.
	www.umt.edu /caconf/presentations/kia.htm (1187 words)

	Rudaki
		His most remarkable achievement, which made him known to the Samanid kings during the Ninth Century A.D., was composing and reciting the famous ballad " Juye Mulliyan" that persuaded the prince to abandon the siege of Herat, Afghanistan and return to his native Bukhara.
		Bal'ami, the prime minister of Ismail ibne Ahmad, the Samanid Emir who was himself a poet, considered Rudaki "peerless among both Persians and Arabs." Rudaki enjoys a high reputation among his successors, too.
		Towards the end of his life, Rudaki fell from favor with the Samanid kings, because he professed a different religious belief than that of the monarchs and he lived in poverty.
	www.irib.ir /occasions/Rudaki/Rudaki-en.htm (468 words)

	Architecture in the Samanid period - Bukhara History
		There also was a musalla (the place for holiday prayers) in the Registan square, but under the Samanids the urban population had grown, so that the old musalla could not cope with such numbers of people, so in 97 1 a new musalla was built at a half forasakh distance (3-4 km) from the citadel.
		The only monumental structure that survived from the Samanid epoch in Bukhara is the Samanid Mausoleum which is the oldest Muslim memorial structure in Central Asia and the oldest building made of fired bricks from basement to crest.
		Under the Samanids duties were raised in dirkhems and gitrifi.
	www.advantour.com /uzbekistan/bukhara/history/007.htm (626 words)

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		He was raised to high office in the state by Aiptagins successor, Abt~ Ishk, and in A.H. 977), by the choice of the nobles of Ghazni, he became their ruler.
		As soon as Ismail had ass~med the sovereignty at Balkh, Mahmud, who was at Nishapur, addressed him in friendly terms, proposing a division of the territories held by their father at his death.
		Ismail rejected the proposal, and was immediately attacked by Mahmud and defeated.
	www.afghanfriends.net /ghazni/g.html (2855 words)

	History of Tajikistan Info - History of Tajikistan Facts
		The current Tajik Republic hearkens back to the Samanid Empire (A.D. 875-999) that ruled what is now Tajikistan as well as territory to the south and west, as a role model and the name of their currency (Somoni).
		Samanid Empire (900 AD-999 AD) For many years before the Arab invasion Central Asia was divided into many different regions such as the Kingdom of Merv, Sogdiana, Bactria, Khorezm, Badakhshan: the only exception was Kushan Empire that was now reduced to parts of eastern Iran.
		Ghaznavids (999-1218) After the collapse of Samanid Dynasty Central Asia became the battleground of many Asian invaders who came from the north-east.
	www.terranove.com /history-of-tajikistan.htm (2913 words)

	History of Tajikistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The current Tajik Republic hearkens back to the Samanid Empire (A.D.) that ruled what is now Tajikistan as well as territoryto the south and west, as their role model and name for their currency.
		During their reign, the Samanids supported the revival ofthe written Persian language in the wake of the Arab Islamicconquest in the early 8th century and played an important role in preserving the culture of the pre-Islamic persian-speakingworld.
		In 900, Ismail defeated Saffarids in Khorasan (area of currentNorthwest Afghanistan and northeastern Iran), while his brother was the governor of Transoxania.
	www.therfcc.org /history-of-tajikistan-115691.html (2913 words)

	Barakat Gallery Store
		Today, the Samanid Dynasty is renown as a time of cultural flourishing, especially in regards to the arts of poetry and pottery.
		The Samanid Dynasty was a period of nationalism, where the Persian people regained power from the hands of foreign invaders.
		While Samanid power gradually waned throughout the 10th century in response to the rise of Turkic power in Central Asia and Afghanistan, during their rule the foundations of a native Iranian Islamic culture were firmly established.
	www.yoruba-art.com /store/index.cfm/FuseAction/ItemDetails/cmdNextItem/656/ItemID/656/SubCatID/138/userid/0.htm (417 words)

	7000 years of Iran & Iranian History & Culture Heritage Persian History web site persia online Iran history news ...
		When Abdallah ibn Tahir died in 230/844 he ruled over Khorasan, Rey, and Samanid princes in Transoxania were his vassals, Oshrusana had been conquered during his rule and Maziyar had been taken by his lieutenants.
		Ismail also conquered Gorgan and Mazandaran from Muhammad ibn Zayd Alawi and in the area of Eraq - e - Ajam advanced as far as Rey and Qazvin.
		It also included to the northeast Torkestan and the borders of China, During the rule of Nasr ibn Ahmad ibn Ismail Kerman was occupied by Muhammad ibn Ilyas and thus was added to the Samanid domains.
	www.iranian.ws /7000/7000-4.htm (1777 words)

	Chronology of Islamic History
		Death of the Samanid ruler Ahmad, accession of Nasr.
		Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr II, accession of Nuh.
		Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur, accession of Nuh II.
	www.islamic-world.net /islamic-state/chronology.htm (8830 words)

	ICWC Traning Center - Tourism - Bukhara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Mausoleum of Samanid, one of the most famous monuments was well-preserved.
		The Mausoleum was built as a family crypt immediately after the death of Ismail Samanid's father.
		Later, Ismail Samanid himself and his grandson Nasr were also buried in it.
	tc.icwc-aral.uz /tourism/bukhara3.html (188 words)

	wiki/Samanid dynasty Definition / wiki/Samanid dynasty Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The founder of the dynasty was Mardaviz ebne Ziyar (from 927 to 935), who took advantage of a rebellion in the Samanid army of Iran to seize power in northern Iran.
		The Samanid dynasty (819-999) was a Persian dynasty in Central Asia, named after its founder Saman Khoda.
		They revived Persian traditions and language after the Islamic conquest of IranThe Bedouin Arabs who toppled the Sassanid Empire were propelled not only by a desire for conquest and plundering but also by a new religion, Islam.
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Samanid_dynasty (870 words)

	Bukhara, Uzbekistan - History, Photo, Pictures, Hotels
		It was the capital of Samanid State during the 9th -10th centuries.
		The oldest monument in Bukhara is Ismail Samani mausoleum.
		The mausoleum is made of burnt bricks, which were laid ornamentally, so that when the light shines on it the ornamentation is never the same.
	www.eastlinetour.com /bukhara/index.html (453 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In 900, Ismail defeated Saffarids in Khorasan (area of current Northwest Afghanistan and northeastern Iran), while his brother was the governor of Transoxania.
		Although short during this period art and science of Tajiks flourished and thus we many scholar of this period to be included to Outstanding Tajik Scholars List.
		The attack of the Qarakhanid Turks ended Samanids reign and Samanid era civilization in 999 and dominance in Transoxania passed on to Turkic rulers for nine centuries to come.
	ariania.com /history/Tajiks.htm (2712 words)

	History of Tajikistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The current Tajik Republic hearkens back to the Samanid Empire (A.D.) that ruled what is now Tajikistan as well as territory to the south and west, as their role model and name for their currency.
		It must also have stimulated the emergence of the Modern Persian language (Dari), in which the share of loan-words from Arabic fluctuated from 10 percent in the vocabulary of Rudaki (9th to10th centuries) to 40 percent in the writings of Baihaqi (11th century).
		All in all, "the volume of Arabic lexicon, its share in the vocabulary of the Dari language remained exceptionally high until the first quarter of the nineteenth century." Samanid dynasty that ruled (819–1005) in Khorasan (Eastern Iran) and Transoxania, founded by Saman-Khuda.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/H/History-of-Tajikistan.htm (3141 words)

	Official web site of Pamir-Travel company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The mausoleum of Ismail Samani (the Samanid Dynasty’s founder) is a masterpiece of classical Eastern architecture.
		For instance, the Ismail Samani mausoleum is the oldest monument in Bukhara.
		But when Samanids got hold of Bukhara, they created a large feudal state and Bukhara was made the capital.
	www.travel-pamir.com /count/uzb/cities.html (2942 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Islam in Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Mongols devastated most of the town's early Islamic monuments, but respected the tomb of Ismail Samanid, who ruled Bukhara from the end of the ninth century to the beginning of the 10th.
		This monument, built shortly before Ismail's death in 907, is the oldest surviving building of Central Asia, a solid, dignified structure which counts among the greatest of early Islamic monuments.
		Built in the shape of a cube, each side being 31 feet, and surmounted by a dome, the intricate brick exterior exerts a quiet harmony in striking contrast to the colorful tiled facades of later buildings.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/197601/islam.in.russia.htm (2572 words)

	Samanid
		Samanid, Muslim Persian dynasty that ruled (819–1005) in
		Modern Persia and Iran - Samanid, Muslim Persian dynasty that ruled (819–1005) in Khorasan and Transoxiana Ismail,...
		Persian art and architecture: The Coming of Islam - The Coming of Islam Little remains from the early centuries of Islam in Iran, but the influence of...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0843309.html (247 words)

	Tajiks . Afghanistan . Iran . Badakhshan . Xinjiang . Kabul . Islam . Mission (Christian) . Samanid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The collapse of the Soviet Union and the civil war in Afghanistan both gave rise to a resurgence in Tajik nationalism across the region.
		Tajikistan in particular has been a focal point for this movement, and the government there has made a conscious effort to revive the legacy of the Samanid empire, the first Tajik-dominated state in the region after the Arab conquest.
		Saman Khoda of Samanid Saman Khoda 819 - 864 Nasr I of Samanid Nasr I 864 - 892 Ismail I of Samanid Ismail I 892 - 907 Ahmad II of Samanid Ahmad...
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Tajiks (664 words)

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