
	Where results make sense

Topic: Isnad

	Isnad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The isnad (Arabic اسناد or in Qur'anic era Arabic اسند) are the citations or "backings" that establish the legitimacy of the hadith, which are the sayings of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam.
		It became important to trace narrators to the source, and to investigate the reputation and reliability of that source for transmitting evidence - this developed into Ilm ar-rijal or the "science of biography".
		Isnad was influential in the development of disciplined scientific citation as early Muslim philosophy developed and applied Muslim disciplines like isnad and ijtihad and ijma to the natural world.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Isnad (522 words)

	Da`if ahadith of an-Nawawi's Riyadus Salihin
		Zaid ibn Haritha..." (Tirmidzi) ù In its isnad is Muhammad ibn Ishaq, a mudallis, and he uses `an`anah (relates the hadith by saying `an (from)), being famous for it.
		One of the supplications of Daud..." (Tirmidzi) ù In its isnad is 'Abdullah ibn Rabi'ah ad-Dimashqi, and he is unknown as Ibn Hajr says.
		The hadith is narrated by Hafid ibn `Umar, i.e.
	www.islamworld.net /HADITH/RIYADUS.html (1860 words)

	IslamiCity Forum: Scholars and scholarly knowledge
		Isnad was regarded by the early Muslims (salaf) as the first and primary condition in relating any aspect of Shariah even if it was merely relating one word.
		Isnad was not only mentioned in order to narrate Prophetic traditions, rather, it was related for every form of knowledge, such as the exegesis of the Qur’an, stories of the pious and worshippers, incidents of history, etc.
		In terms of Isnad with regards to prophetic traditions, the scholars of the Indo/Pak are (perhaps) at the forefront.
	www.islamicity.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=87&PN=1 (5532 words)

	AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENCE OF HADITH
		An isnad containing a reporter who is described by the last two statements is likely to be da'if jiddan (very weak) or maudu' (fabricated).
		an isnad seems to be muttasil ("continuous") but one of the reporters is known to have never heard ahadith from his immediate authority, even though he may be his contemporary.
		This isnad is mursal because Abu Burdah, a Successor, narrates directly from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
	www.islamworld.net /hadith.html (10192 words)

	PAR246 Hadith Criticism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This isnad, or chain of authorities, provides the name of the eyewitness of the actual event, the person to whom s/he related the event, the person to whom this muhaddith related the matn, and so forth until the hadith was recorded.
		This theory is summed up in his famous dictum: "The more perfect the isnad, the later the tradition." Thus, Schacht sees the isnads as the most arbitrary part of the hadiths, but because their fabrication and development follows certain patterns, they nevertheless allow the hadiths to be dated in many cases.
		Isnads, which are for Rahman a sign of the formalized discipline of hadith, appeared much later, around the turn of the first century (though the informal use of hadiths began somewhere between the years 60 and 80).
	people.uncw.edu /bergh/par246/L21RHadithCriticism.htm (16022 words)

	Da`if ahadith of an-Nawawi's Riyadus Salihin (Gardens of the Righteous)
		In its isnad is Muhammad ibn Ishaq, a mudallis, and he uses `an`anah (relates the hadith by saying `an (from)), being famous for it.
		Its isnad contains Qurah ibn 'Abdur-Rahman, and he is da`if because of his poor memory, and I have laid out the 'ulamas' criticism of him in the second hadith of Irwa ul Ghalil...
		In its isnad is Hibban ibn ul 'Ala' - unknown.
	islam.rameez.net /hadith/riyadus.htm (1576 words)

	Modern Historical Methodology vs. Hadeeth Methodology
		The person who is reporting this isnad may show that he heard it from his sheikh, but then omits the weak authority and simply uses the term "?an" to link his sheikh with the next trustworthy one in the isnad (Hasan 34).
		If throughout the isnad all the reporters (including the Prophet- p.b.u.h.) use the same mode of transmission, repeat an additional statement or remark, or act in a particular way while narrating the hadeeth, then it is called musalsal ("uniformly-linked").
		Furthermore, the isnad is also important in determining integrity-as has been shown, knowledge of dates, places, and people was used in establishing whether or not the isnad for a hadeeth was indeed muttasil or continuous.
	www.cs.odu.edu /~lee_m/lib/comparison-historical-hadeeth.html (6640 words)

	Islamic Web Site of Bangladesh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A hadith (pl. ahadith) is composed of two parts: the matn (text) and the isnad (chain of reporters).
		A text may seem to be logical and reasonable but it needs an authentic isnad with reliable reporters to be acceptable; 'Abdullah b.
		In some cases, a text containing a vulgar expression, unreasonable remark or obviously-erroneous statement is rejected by the traditionists outright without consideration of the isnad: such a hadith is known as munkar (denounced).
	www.bangla2000.com /Islam/hadith.shtm (1076 words)

	Signs before the day of judjment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In this case, the mention of "Khalifah of Allah" is munkar because Allah cannot have a successor or vicegerent in His absence, SD: 85.
		Its isnad contains the `an`anah of Abu Zubair, but its last part ("Among my ummah...") is supported.
		Its isnad is hasan and is further supported, SS: 1887, KS: 3373.
	www.afghanpalace.com /islam/signs.htm (1995 words)

	ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF REPORTERS INVOLVED IN EACH STAGE OF THE ISNAD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Depending on the number of the reporters of the hadith in each stage of the isnad, i.e.
		A hadith ahad or khabar wahid is one which is narrated by people whose number does not reach that of the mutawatir case.
		If at any stage in the isnad, only two reporters are found to narrate the hadith, it is termed 'aziz ("rare, strong").
	www21.brinkster.com /salafi/asb3.html (817 words)

	usulgloss.
		ahad (khabar): an isolated hadith; a report which is transmitted through a single isnad or from a single source.
		isnad: a tradition's chain of transmission from individual to individual.
		mutawatir: a hadith which is reported by a large number of reporters at all stages of the isnad.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/ABewley/usulgloss.html (996 words)

	Encyclopedia [Definition] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The early Muslim compilations of knowledgeEarly Muslim philosophy can be starkly divided into four clear sets of influences: First, the life of Muhammad or sira which generated both the Qur'an (revelation) and hadith (his daily utterances and discourses on social and legal matters), during which philosophy was defined by acceptance or rejection of his message.
		Together the sira and hadith constitute the sunnah and are validated by isnad ("backing") to determine the likely truth of the report of any given saying of Muhammad.
		These scholars had an incalculable influence on methods of research and editing, due in part to the Islamic practice of isnadThe isnad (Arabic) are the citations or "backings" that establish the legitimacy of the hadith, which are the sayings of Muhammad, Prophet of Islam.
	www.wikimirror.com /encyclopedia (13785 words)

	ACCORDING TO THE RELIABILITY AND MEMORY OF THE REPORTERS
		one with an isnad containing a reporter who is known to be truthful and reliable, but is a degree less in his preservation/memory of hadith in comparison to the reporters of sahih ahadith.
		Al-Tirmidhi declares this hadith to be hasan because of the above isnad, which falls short of the requirements for a sahih hadith.
		Sa'id al-Maslub used to say, "It is not wrong to fabricate an isnad for a sound statement."79 Another notorious inventor, 'Abd al-Karim Abu 'l-Auja, who was killed and crucified by Muhammad b.
	www.geocities.com /ahmedlahouazi/asb7.html (1547 words)

	An announcement by (ISNAD)
		International organizations are doing nothing to implement the related international and humanitarian laws and norms to stop this terrible deterioration of human values.
		ISNAD will take up and assume all possible legal actions on behalf of any Iraqi who has been arrested or imprisoned indefinitely without being brought before a legal court facing fierce torture that had not been witnessed since the days of the Nazis.
		For this, ISNAD is in need for both material and immaterial support by money and information.
	www.albasrah.net /maqalat/english/0305/isnad_240305.htm (394 words)

	Motzki on Juynboll
		The ahadith with the isnad Nafi'--Ibn 'Umar which are not transmitted via Malik are all later inventions or falsifications by the authors of the canonical collections or their teachers.
		The mu'ammarun Juynboll refers to occur only in Iraqian isnads (mostly Kufan), not in Hijazian, and usually are persons in the Successors' (tabi') generation.
		One may argue that later collections might include falsifications based on the isnads of the canonical collections, but there is no reason for not taking into account the earlier collections, namely Malik's Muwatta', Ibn Abi Shaiba's and Abdarrazzaq's Musannafs, and the Musnads of Ibn Hanbal, al-Tayalisi and Humaidi, to name the most important ones (p.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~beh/hb/motzki_nafi.html (1192 words)

	AGMEST.COM
		Isnad Medical Systems Co. Ltd., a Jordanian Company is the distributor for GE Medical Systems, Information Technology (GEMS-IT), Data Management Systems (DMS) and others.
		Isnad, is very keen and committed to provide the Jordanian health care sectors with the highest quality medical technology and efficient after sales “Isnad” and support.
		Isnad Medical Services a member of AGMEST group of companies that have Iraqi, Jordanian and UAE representations which shares many resources with its group of sister companies in these countries.
	www.agmest.com /ISNAD.asp (112 words)

	Islamica Community Forums - Intro to Science of Hadith (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		-ibn sareen: "they did not ask about the isnad, but when civil war- fitnah- arose they said 'name to us your meb: those who belong to ahl-al sunnah, their ahadith were accepted and those who were innovaters their ahadith were rejected.
		- while isnad was employed and at other times neglected in the early days, but once fitna came into picture narrators became more cautious and began to enquire about the sources of information and scrutinized them.
		And this Isnad talk might actually make some wonder if perhaps their is still an active Isnad where they might actually have to sit with a many scholars for an extended period of time in order to become qualified in the sacred sciences.
	www.islamicaweb.com /archive/t-10940 (3259 words)

	ACCORDING TO A HIDDEN DEFECT FOUND IN THE ISNAD OR TEXT OF A HADITH.
		According to Ibn Kathir, if reporters disagree about a particular shaikh, or about some other points in the isnad or the text, in such a way that none of the opinions can be preferred over the others, and thus there is uncertainty about the isnad or text, such a hadith is called mudtarib (shaky).
		For example with regard to idtirab in the isnad, it is reported on the authority of Abu Bakr that he said, "O Messenger of Allah!
		A hadith is known as maqlub (changed, reversed) when its isnad is grafted to a different text or vice versa, or if a reporter happens to reverse the order of a sentence in the text.
	www.usc.edu /dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/scienceofhadith/asb6.html (983 words)

	Hadith, Musnad, Isnad
		An isnad is a list of the transmitters of that information, essentially the equivalent of a modern paper trail, to show the actual validity by tracking the individuals from Muhammad to the end recipient of the Tradition.
		When a Tradition had an uncertain isnad, it was apparently removed from consideration as being part of the Hadith collection.
		One of the brilliant ways that the scholars have shown that specific hadiths did not exist at specific times is that they were not used to support legal doctrines, where their presence would most certainly have been used as central evidence.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txw/hadith.htm (783 words)

	The Science of Hadith or the Anthropology of Hadith? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A hadith is described in terms of its matn (content) and isnad (chain of transmission).
		The most a sound isnad guarantees is the minimization of the possibility that something was added or deleted from the original report.
		One might claim that the isnad of most hadith is more of a cable than a chain.
	answering-islam.org /Assumptions/science_of_hadith.htm (451 words)

	Islamic Network
		A musalsal (continued) isnad is one in which all the reporters as well as the Prophet use the same mode of transmission such as 'an, haddathana, etc., repeat any other additional statement or remark, or act in a particular manner while narrating the hadith.
		A hadith is known as maqlub when its isnad is grafted to a different text or vice versa, or if a reporter happens to reverse the order of phrases in a sentence in the text.
		(ii) one with an isnad containing a reporter who is known to be truthful and reliable, but is a degree less in his preservation of hadith in comparison to the reporters of sahih ahadith.
	www.islaam.net /main/display.php?part=full&category=6&id=191 (7799 words)

	IslamicAwakening.Com : An Introduction to the Science of Hadeeth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As time passed, more reporters were involved in each isnad, and so the situation demanded strict discipline in the acceptance of ahadith; the rules regulating this discipline are known as Mustalah al-Hadith (the Classification of Hadith).
		Amongst the early traditionists (muhaddithin, scholars of Hadith), the rules and criteria governing their study of Hadith were meticulous but some of their terminology varied from person to person, and their principles began to be systematically written down, but scattered amongst various books, e.g.
		Such an addition may be found in the beginning, in the middle, or at the end, often in explanation of a term used.
	www.as-sahwah.com /print.php?articleID=73& (12580 words)

	The classification of Hadeeth
		The term munqati' is also applied by some scholars to a narration such as where a reporter says, "a man narrated to me...", without naming this authority.
		If the number of consecutive missing reporters in the isnad exceeds one, the isnad is mu'dal ("perplexing").
		Bukhari always looked for those reporters who had either accompanied or were known to have actually met each other, even if only once in their lifetime.
	universalfaith.tripod.com /Had-class.htm (2394 words)

	The Science of Hadith
		Matn (text), isnad (chain of reporters), and taraf (the part, or the beginning sentence, of the text which refers to the sayings, actions or characteristics of the Prophet (PBUH), or his concurrence with others action).
		Mu'allaq - hanging: is a hadith whose reporter omits the whole isnad and quotes the Prophet (PBUH) directly (i.e., the link is missing at the beginning).
		Aziz - rare, strong: at any stage in the isnad, only two reporters are found to narrate the hadith.
	www.witness-pioneer.org /vil/hadeeth/soh (723 words)

	An Introduction to the Sciences of Hadith (www.islaam.org.uk)
		He plainly shows that he heard it from hisshaikh but he uses the mode "on the authority of" to link his immediate shaikh with the next trustworthy one.
		According to al-Shafi'i, a shadhdh ("irregular") hadith is one which is reported by a trustworthy person but goes against the narration of a person more reliable than him.
		Such an addition may be found in the beginning,in the middle, or at the end, often in explanation of a term used.
	www.sunnahonline.com /ilm/sunnah/0008_page3.htm (2219 words)

	The Journal of the American Oriental Society: IBN al-Salah al-Shahrazuri and the isnad.@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This article examines the role of the isnad in the thought of lbn al-Salah al-Shahrazuri (577/1181643/1245) and other later hadith experts.
		In earlier times, isnads had been scrutinized to determine the authenticity of hadith.
		In fact, most students of hadith in Ayyubid and later times primarily saw the isnad as a conduit for elevation.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:98904687&refid=holomed_1 (194 words)

	Encyclopedia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Also notable are works of universal history (or sociology) from Asharites, al-Tabri, al-Masudi, Ibn Rustah, al-Athir, and Ibn Khaldun, whose Muqadimmah contains cautions regarding trust in written records that remain wholly applicable today.
		These scholars had an incalculable influence on methods of research and editing, due in part to the Islamic practice of isnad which emphasized fidelity to written record, checking sources, and skeptical inquiry.
		The Chinese emperor Cheng-Zu of the Ming Dynasty oversaw the compilation of the Yongle Encyclopedia, one of the largest encyclopedias in history, which was completed in 1408 and comprised over 11,000 handwritten volumes, of which only about 400 now survive.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Encyclopedia (2910 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)