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Topic: Isoelectric point

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	Isoelectric Focusing by Jennifer Collins
		The isoelectric point is the pH at which the negative charge of the component amino acids of a protein equals the positive charge of the component amino acids so the protein is neutral.
		Isoelectric focusing is a powerful instrument with functional measures that could aid in the isolation of proteins for the curing of disease.
		Isoelectric focusing and reverse blotting in early diagnosis of HIV infection.
	www.samford.edu /~gekeller/collins.html (1078 words)

	Isoelectric (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Isoelectric calculates the isoelectric point of a protein from its amino acid composition assuming no electrostatic interactions occur that perturb ionization.
		The isoelectric point (pH at which the net charge is zero) is indicated on the plot.
		If the data points on a line fall outside of the window in which the data are supposed to be represented, most programs will clip the graph at the edge of the window.
	helix.nih.gov /docs/gcg/isoelectric.html (1181 words)

	Enology Notes #11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The greater the difference between the wine pH and the isoelectric point of the protein fraction, the greater the net charge on the protein and the greater the electrostatic binding with fining agents.
		The greater the difference between the wine pH and the isoelectric point of the protein fraction, the greater the net charge on the protein and the greater its binding affinity toward oppositely charged fining agents.
		Bentonite's strongest binding affinity would be for the protein fraction with an isoelectric point of 7.1, the weakest would be for the fraction with an isoelectric point at 3.6.
	www.fst.vt.edu /extension/enology/EN/contentextenologynotes11.html (686 words)

	Calculate Isoelectric Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Point count is a fundamental method of hand evaluation in the card game of bridge.
		Points are a type of fur coloration in cats.
		point, or en pointe, is a ballet maneuver.
	www.swingdancemusic.com /send/49068-calculate%20isoelectric%20point.html (414 words)

	Isoelectric point - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		If the protein is run with a buffer pH that is equal to the pI, it will not migrate at all.
		The relationship of glycosylation and isoelectric point with tumor accumulation of avidin : An article from: The Journal of Nuclear Medicine
		The isoelectric point for plant tissue and its importance in absorption and toxicity (The University of Missouri studies)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /isoelectric_point.htm (303 words)

	STATISTICAL RELATION BETWEEN THE POSITIONS OF THE ALPHA-HELIX IN THE ZINC-FINGER DNA-BINDING DOMAIN: RESULTS FROM THE ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The correlations of the isoelectric point values at the positions -1, 1, 2, 3, and 6 show clearly the compensating character of the residue substitutions at these positions.
		In case the positions were independent, the dispersions of sum of the isoelectric point quantities Qs at these positions would expected to be equal to the sum of the positional dispersions of this quantity.
		These results evidenced that the sum of the isoelectric point quantities at the positions -1, 1, 2, 3, and 6 of the recognition helix in the zinc fingers selected from the large pool of possible mutants on the basis of high DNA-binding affinity is almost invariant.
	www.bionet.nsc.ru /bgrs/thesis/107/index.html (1562 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is predicted that an excess of negative charge, on the order of 600 ppm, is required to observe a compositional isoelectric point.
		It is shown that the isoelectric point occurs consistently in the range of 600 – 700 ppm excess acceptor concentration.
		C, (b) effect of temperature on isoelectric curve, (c) effect of formal charge (FC) of acceptor and donor type defects upon deviation from 1:1.
	www.seas.upenn.edu /~bonnell/yag.htm (298 words)

	Message (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In addition, there is some inconsistency in the use of capitalization ("Isoelectric point" vs "Delta Wave") and use of "point" and "wave" qualifiers.
		I hadn't thought much about "Isoelectric points", figuring that people would generally do baseline correction to set the isoelectric level at zero.
		However, a set of isoelectric points (x,y annotations) would let one preserve the raw record and allow the viewer to implement a piece-wise linear or cubic spline fit correction.
	www.cdisc.org /forum/b.asp?m=115 (245 words)

	Patent 6,512,166
		The procedures used for molecular weight determination and isoelectric point determination are the same as those-described in detail in Ser.
		Isolation of chitobiosidase activity was obtained by isoelectric focusing separation as follows: The resulting liquid was applied in approximately equal amounts to compartments of a Rotofor Isoelectric Focusing apparatus (Bio-Rad).
		The procedures for molecular weight determination and for isoelectric point determination are the same as those described in Ser.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/Yr2003/Jan2003/012803/6512166_Fungal012803.htm (4482 words)

	NEC European Portal - News Room (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		1) By carrying out separation of the isoelectric point and molecular weight (two inherent characteristics of protein) on a nanobiochip and mass spectrometer respectively, short-time analysis of approximately one hour is achieved.
		This is a method that uses the isoelectric point and molecular weight to carry out two-dimensional separating and sorting of protein within the structure.
		This is because separation according to the isoelectric point and the molecular weight are carried out through time-consuming gel electrophoresis analysis.
	www.euronec.com /pressroom_a.asp?pressid=131E9124BB6A (814 words)

	the acid base behaviour of amino acids
		The pH at which this lack of movement during electrophoresis happens is known as the isoelectric point of the amino acid.
		In fact, the isoelectric point for many amino acids is about pH 6.
		For glycine, for example, the isoelectric point is pH 6.07; for alanine, 6.11; and for serine, 5.68.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /organicprops/aminoacids/acidbase.html (1007 words)

	Isoelectric Point Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Looking For isoelectric point - Find isoelectric point and more at Lycos Search.
		Find isoelectric point - Your relevant result is a click away!
		Look for isoelectric point - Find isoelectric point at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	www.artisticnudity.com /encyclopedia/Isoelectric_point (428 words)

	Directory of open access journals
		The fluid dynamic of the tank was assumed to be a perfect mixture and the flotation kinetics to be a first-order reaction, as suggested by the batch operation.
		The experiments were carried out in a continuously operating 60 L tank, used in the treatment of a synthetic dairy waste at its isoelectric point.
		A mathematical model that describes the behavior of a continuously operating flotation tank used in the treatment of a synthetic dairy waste at its isoelectric point is not only proposed, but also validated with experimental data.
	www.doaj.org /abstract?id=38991&toc=y (150 words)

	Environmental signatures in proteome properties -- Brocchieri 101 (22): 8257 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of ...
		of isoelectric point (pI) and amino acid composition.
		point is defined as the pH at which the protein has no charge.
		coli K12 proteome is calculated at pH 7.5 and at pH 5.0 and is compared with the usage of basic residues Arg and Lys minus acidic residues Asp and Glu (KR - DE) (A) and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of the protein (B).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/22/8257 (1420 words)

	Stanford Microfluidics Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		IEF is electrophoresis in a stable pH gradient.
		The pH gradient is produced by electrophoresis of ampholytes, heterogenous molecules synthesizd with a continuum of isoelectric points.
		EF acts to “focus” an initially uniform sample into a tight volume at the isoelectric point (pI) resulting in enrichment factors of 80x (Figure 1).
	microfluidics.stanford.edu /IEF_CE.htm (651 words)

	Default Normal Template
		Isoelectric focusing: The proteins move to their isoelectric point.
		Movement to the isoelectric point depends on the charge and shape.
		Given enough time all proteins will reach the isoelectric point (fig 24) therefore sharp bands can be obtained.
	www.technion.ac.il /~admon/electrophoresis.html (553 words)

	Isoelectric point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For an amino acid with only one amine and one carboxyl group the pI can be calculated the pKa 's of this molecule.
		For amino acids with more than two groups such as lysine for example the same formula is but this time the two pKa's used those of the two groups that lose gain a charge from the neutral form the amino acid.
		Knitting on the Edge is a collection of basically everything you could possibly consider using on the edges of a knitting pattern, from lacy borders to the more mundane ribbing, garter stitch border or hem.The book is pitched toward beginners or intermedi...
	www.freeglossary.com /Isoelectric_point (526 words)

	EMBOSS: iep (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This calculates the isoelectric point of a protein from its amino acid composition assuming that no electrostatic interactions change the propensity for ionization.
		Adjusting the pH of an aqueous protein solution to the point where the numbers of positive and negative charges on the protein are equal brings the protein to its isoelectric point.
		This is often the point of lowest solubility, presumably because it is the point at which there are fewest intermolecular repulsions, so that the molecules tend to form aggregates.
	emboss.sourceforge.net /apps/iep.html (708 words)

	Set 4 Extra Problems - Solutions
		1) Calculate the isoelectric point for (a) serine, (b) tyrosine, and (c) aspartic acid.
		Isoelectric point is the pH value at which an amino acid (or peptide or protein) have a net charge of zero.
		a) since serine doesn't have an ionizable side chain, the isoelectric point would be (2+10)/2 or 6 (2 is the pKa of the carboxy terminal and 10 of the amino terminal)
	www.k-state.edu /bchem/courses/BIOCH521/u04/0127soln.html (308 words)

	Isoelectric points of proteins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Despite having many ionizing groups and complex titration curves, all proteins have an isolelectric point corresponding to a pH where the net charge is zero.
		Useful for protein purification since a protein is least soluble at its isoelectric point
		Isoelectric focusing can be used to determine the isoelectric point
	www.vuw.ac.nz /staff/alan_clark/teaching/courses/221/ionic/tsld005.htm (49 words)

	NMBGMR Circular 79 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		If they are small ions, the phenomenon is called ionic conductance; if they are large molecules, such as proteins, it is called electrophoresis; and if they are of colloidal size, it is called cataphoresis.
		The zero point of charge for a solid in contact with a solution is determined by the concentration of potential determining ions in solution.
		In general, the zeta potential can be regarded as the potential difference in an otherwise practically uniform medium between a point some distance from the surface and a point on the plane of shear.
	geoinfo.nmt.edu /publications/circulars/79/home.html (338 words)

	RFE Description
		In addition there is chemical taxonomic information consisting of species-characteristic biochemical patterns which may be compared quantitatively to patterns obtained by an appropriate laboratory analysis of the fish in question.
		All IEF patterns (and RFLP Patterns) are compared to IEF pI (isoelectric point) protein markers (and DNA base pair ladders, respectively) to assist in the visual and quantitative identification of fish specimen characteristic peaks from a species characteristic pattern.
		Isoelectric focusing pI markers (Part # 17-0471-01, Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala Sweden) Inc., USA) are the reference markers against which specimen patterns can be normalized by migration-position (or at least visualized).
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~frf/rfedesc.html (650 words)

	Principals of isoelectric focusing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING AND STAINING OF THE ISOZYMES PGI AND PGM
		Isoelectric focusing takes place in a pH gradient and is limited to molecules which can be either positively or negatively charged (amphoteric molecules), like proteins, enzymes and peptides.
		In isozyme studies, the enzymes will (when applied at the cathode) migrate towards the anode until they reach the point where their netto charge is zero.
	www.ntnu.no /~vmbossaa/moscou.htm (575 words)

	Isoelectric Plot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Isoelectric point is searched by computing the Net Charge at very fine grade.
		The textual information that is returned in the middle window indicates the value of pH at which the Net Charge of the polypeptide would be neutralized, if the polypeptide would have a conformation with each aminoacid fully exposed to the solvent.
		That is the usual definition of "Isoelectric Point".
	members.aol.com /_ht_a/lucatoldo/myhomepage/JaMBW/3/1/6/index.html (409 words)

	Title of Invention: Gene encoding for endochitinase
		Chitobiase can be separated from contaminating proteins by isoelectric focusing on a Rotofor apparatus and consists of two proteins of similar isoelectric point.
		Activity, as determined by fluorescence of methylumbelliferyl substrate, corresponded to the protein band on isoelectric focusing and native gels and showed the protein to be an endochitinase.
		The pooled fractions were further purified by separation according to isoelectric point on a Rotofor apparatus (Bio-Rad Laboratories) employing Bio-Lyte 3/5 ampholyte at 10% v/v of the total volume and collecting peak fractions and purifying these on the Rotofor apparatus.
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic/Biotech_Patents/1995patents/05378821.html (7671 words)

	Scansite Tutorial
		If you are seeking only proteins with a characteristic isoelectric point, fill in these values in the two boxes labeled "Isoelectric point range", such as "5.5" to "6.0".
		The proteins are sorted by score, but you can view them sorted by molecular weight or isoelectric point by clicking the "Sort by Molecular Weight" or "Sort by Isoelectric Point" links, which are near the top of the page.
		The molecular weight, isoelectric point, and phosphorylation options are intended for use in conjunction with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiments.
	scansite.mit.edu /tutorial/tutorial.html (4139 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The proteins separation technique of isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a very powerful tool for the separation of proteins based upon their isoelectric points (pI).
		The isoelectric point of a proteins or peptide corresponds the pH at which the net charge of the protein is zero.
		The concentration of this protein was 9 x 10-8 M. Preliminary data form this focusing is attached.
	faculty.virginia.edu /landers/IEFframe.htm (291 words)

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