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Topic: Isoelectronic

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	Isoelectronic -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When an atom, radical, or ion has an equal number of electrons or has the same number of electrons when compared to the atoms of another element, the two species are called "isoelectronic".
		is not isoelectronic to (A hard malleable ductile silvery metallic element that is resistant to corrosion; used in alloys; occurs in pentlandite and smaltite and garnierite and millerite) Nickel, even though both have 28 electrons
		See ((physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element) atom, (additional info and facts about iso) iso, isoelectricity, (additional info and facts about electronic) electronic, (An elementary particle with negative charge) electron and (additional info and facts about electronic configuration) electronic configuration.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/i/is/isoelectronic.htm (225 words)

	Isoelectronic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Two or more molecular entities (atoms, molecules, ions) are described as isoelectronic if they have the same number of valence electrons and the same structure (number and connectivity of atoms), but may differ in the elements involved.
		are isoelectronic because each has one atom and 5 electrons in the outer electronic shell.
		and NO are isoelectronic because each has 2 nuclei and 10 valence electrons (4+6, 5+5, and 5+5, respectively).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Isoelectronic (150 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040108492
		Donor band to isoelectronic (isovalent) hole trap recombination, similar to type 1 but the holes are trapped on an isoelectronic impurity atom.
		Acceptor band to isoelectronic electron trap recombination, similar to type 2 but the electrons are trapped on an isoelectronic impurity atom.
		Donor band to isoelectronic (isovalent) hole trap recombination, similar to type 1 but the holes are trapped on an isoelectronic impurity atom, i.e.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-adv.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PG01&S1=("662,944".APN.)&OS=APN/"662,944"&RS=APN/"662,944" (3621 words)

	Chapter 14 - Chemical Periodicity
		____________________ The strontium ion is isoelectronic with xenon.
		____________________ Nitride is isoelectronic with the magnesium ion.
		____________________ The lithium ion is isoelectronic with neon.
	pages.prodigy.net /anderhan/Ch14Periodicity.html (2542 words)

	Hefferlin Abstracts
		Isoelectronic molecules and isovalent molecules commonly have chemical similarity.
		Isoelectronic, dimer, hydride, and halide molecules are considered.
		It is found that there are in some spaces salient lines, planes, and hyperplanes on which molecules become homonuclear and homovalent; on which species become isoelectronic or at least have the same numbers of valence electrons; and on which molecules take on extreme and least-descent intermediate data values.
	physics.southern.edu /Faculty/Hefferlin/Research/Abstracts/HefferlinAbstracts.html (5585 words)

	Optical circuit element - Patent 4162460
		An energy level due to isoelectronic impurity is provided in the forbidden band of one portion of an optical waveguide in a semiconductor material by doping said portion with an isoelectronic impurity.
		The optical circuit element of claim 1, wherein said isoelectronic impurity consists of nitrogen atoms and the doping consisting of nitrogen atoms at a density of 10.sup.18 -10.sup.19 atoms/cm.sup.3.
		The region II of the waveguide which is to be used as the amplification portion or the light emitting portion is doped with the isoelectronic impurity 4 of nitrogen atoms at a density of 10.sup.18.about.10.sup.19 atoms/cm.sup.3.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4162460.html (2626 words)

	Grandinetti
		Change in ion size horizontally is complicated because we change from cations on the left to anions on the right.
		However, it is helpful to look at the relative size of isoelectronic ions.
		For a series of isoelectronic ions, the size decreases as the nuclear charge, z, increases.
	www.chemistry.ohio-state.edu /~grandine/teaching/Chem121/lectures/IonicBonds/ionicbonds.html (313 words)

	Search Results for isoelectronic - Encyclopædia Britannica
		It is isoelectronic (it has identical electron configuration) with the neutral molecule ammonia (formula NH3, N being the chemical symbol...
		The structures of carboranes and their derivatives are similar to those of the isoelectronic (possessing the same number of electrons) polyhedral boranes, and, like the boranes, they involve...
		A particular class of complexes consists of the organometallic compounds, in which there are bonds between a metal atom and a carbon atom.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=isoelectronic&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (209 words)

	M.A. Ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Further, the study of energy level structures of highly ionized atoms is of intrinsic interest as the pattern of energy levels may change drastically along an isoelectronic sequence when the nuclear charge increases, and theoretical calculations are extremely useful for proper identification of energy levels.
		We are presently studying energy level structures and magnetic dipole and quadrupole and electric quadrupole transition probabilities of the zinc, gallium and germanium isoelectronic sequence where experimental information is very meagre for highly ionized members.
		We are also exploring the use of the MCDF approach for the study of doubly excited metastable and resonance states of the lithium isoelectronic sequence to complement the use of nuclear charge expansion methods and forbidden transitions in oxygen and boron isoelectronic sequences.
	nuclei.chem.howard.edu /~mali (639 words)

	Carbon - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		At very high pressures carbon has an allotrope called diamond, in which each atom is bonded to four others.
		Diamond has the same cubic structure as silicon and germanium and, thanks to the strength of the carbon-carbon bonds, is together with the isoelectronic boron nitride (BN) the hardest substance in terms of resistance to scratching.
		The transition to graphite at room temperature is so slow as to be unnoticeable.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Carbon (1679 words)

	5.1.3 Doping of Compound Semiconductors
		Since the introduction of isoelectronic elements is deliberate with a specific purpose in mind, we deal with it under the general heading "doping", keeping in mind that we do not change the carrier
		The paradigmatic semiconductor for isoelectronic doping is GaP, an
		The exciton energy levels move "down" from the free exciton level by an amount equal to the binding energy of the electron to the isoelectronic dopant; i.e.
	www.tf.uni-kiel.de /matwis/amat/semi_en/kap_5/backbone/r5_1_3.html (2101 words)

	NREL: Transferring Technologies - Isoelectronic Co-doping - U.S. Patent 6,815,736
		Isoelectronic co-doping of semiconductor compounds and alloys with deep acceptors and deep donors is used to decrease bandgap, to increase concentration of the dopant constituents in the resulting alloys, and to increase carrier mobilities lifetimes.
		Group III-V compounds and alloys, such as GaAs and GaP, are isoelectronically co-doped with, for example, N and Bi, to customize solar cells, thermal voltaic cells, light emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers on GaP, InP, GaAs, Ge, and Si substrates.
		Isoelectronically co-doped Group II-VI compounds and alloys are also included.
	www.nrel.gov /technologytransfer/ip/data.php/patent/6815736 (150 words)

	Untitled
		One way in which the ionic radii of the elements can be compared is to compare ions that are isoelectronic: that is, ions which have identical electron configurations.
		Ionic radii are for ions isoelectronic with a noble gas as described above with, for example silicon as Si and hydrogen as H
		The increased number of electrons in the valence shell increases the repulsive effects that the electrons exert on one another, thus increasing the radius.
	chem.salve.edu /chemistry/trends6.asp (464 words)

	ChemActivity 6
		all are isoelectronic with Ar and P has lowest core charge.
		The second ionization is the energy to remove an electron from the cation of the element.
		is larger than S because it has gained two electrons and it is now isoelectronic with Ar.
	web.sau.edu /LeggMargaretJ/GC/ChemActivity6.htm (548 words)

	LOZYKOWSKI's abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The isoelectronic trap bound the hole by a short-range potential and subsequently an electron by the Coulomb attractive force, thus forming a bound exciton.
		The temperature variation of the emission structures show that the band at 2.914 eV is due to a bound exciton to P-hole isoelectronic trap (P-BE), and the modulated structure results from recombination between the holes captured at P traps and electrons located at distant donors.
		The observed luminescence is discussed based on developed models that describe the recombination and quenching processes for isoelectronic As, P, and Bi ions replacing nitrogen in GaN semiconductor.
	www.phys.uni.torun.pl /~lum98/p_abstr/lozykows.html (291 words)

	Encyclopedia: Isoelectronic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Updated 129 days 5 hours 6 minutes ago.
		N and O+ are isoelectronic - each has one atom and 5 electrons in the outer electronic shell;
		CO, N2 and NO+ are isoelectronic - each with 2 nuclei and 10 valence electrons (4+6, 5+5, 5+5 respectively)
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Isoelectronic (247 words)

	Estimation of the critical charge for atomic isoelectronic series
		Finding the critical charge for helium isoelectronic series (the ground state) by extrapolating of ionization energy and by extrapolating of the screening parameter
		Finding the critical charge for helium isoelectronic series (lowest triplet state) by extrapolating of ionization energy and by extrapolating of the screening parameter
		Ionization energy for helium isoelectronic series, ground and triplet states, scaled units, and corresponding parameters delta
	www.asergeev.com /files/purdue/model (503 words)

	The Five Hydrogen Probe Experiments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It follows that, isoelectronic species have the same Lewis structure and/or frontier molecular orbital (FMO) topology.
		This is important because species can only be expected to have similar, mutually predictable, reaction chemistry if they are isoelectronic.
		And isoelectronic arrays usually exhibit linear reactivity traits, something we shall explore in detail over the next few web pages.
	www.meta-synthesis.com /webbook/03_probe/h_probe.html (755 words)

	The Electronic Structure of Singlet and Triplet Nitrenium Ions
		Finally, placing the isoelectronic carbene or nitrenium centers in a 3-membered ring has similar effects on the calculated S-T gaps relative to the parent XH systems.
		The increased s-character of sigma-orbitals at sp hypovalent centers increases singlet stability; this effect is larger for the nitrenium ions than for carbenes.
		Changes in the S-T gap arising from placing isoelectronic hypovalent centers into 3-membered rings are energetically similar (about 20 kcal/mol differential destabilization of the triplet)--there is less energetic similarity between carbenes and nitrenium ions in other substituted systems.
	pollux.chem.umn.edu /STgaps (3519 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lithium will tend to lose one electron to be isoelectronic with helium.
		It could gain five to be isoelectronic with Argon, or lose three to be isoelectronic with Neon.
		Fluorine will tend to gain one electron to be isoelectronic with neon.
	www.bluegrass.kctcs.edu /LCC/CHEM/Mueller/105-IonsHandout.doc (645 words)

	Problem 7.24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Select the atoms or ions from the following sets that are isoelectronic with each other:
		and Ca both have the Ar configuration, and are isoelectronic.
		Rb has the Kr configuration and is not isoelectronic with the other two ions.
	www.sou.edu /chem/ch201/ch7/7_24.htm (143 words)

	CCL.NET 2001.10.18-012 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		If we check the textbooks for general chemistry with more sense of science, for every 3-4 pages, we may find at least one statement needs to be corrected.
		For "isoelectronic", it is just a very empirical word used to help undergraduate understand chemistry.
		(a) CO, N2 and NO+ are isoelectronic (b) CH2=C=O and CH2=N=N are isoelectronic (c) CH3COCH3 and CH3N=NCH3 have the same number of electrons, but have different structures, hence they are not described as isoelectronic.
	www.ccl.net /cgi-bin/ccl/message.cgi?2001+10+18+012 (323 words)

	Problem Set 7 - assigned problems and answers
		CO2 is not an ionic compound at all, since it's made from two nonmetals (it is covalent).
		(22) (a) Species are isoelectronic if they have the same number of electrons (and therefore the same electron configuration).
		(b) O2, Ne, Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ have 10 electrons and are isoelectronic, F has 9 electrons.
	www.chemistry.ohio-state.edu /~turro/121wi98/ps7.html (520 words)

	Chemistry 1201, Fall 2000, Sections 1, 2, 3, 8, 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The second reason for this order is the importance of a ionic radius, with ions of smaller radii giving a larger lattice energy, again, according to equation 8.4.
		The following ions are isoelectronic, predict which member in each of the following pairs will have the LARGEST size.
		Construct the Lewis structure for each of the following molecule ions to determine which one has a double bond.
	www.chem.lsu.edu /lucid/butler/1201_F00/HW/HW8_key.html (1096 words)

	Isoelectronic series? - Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums
		It just means that all ions have exactly the same number of electrons, the only thing that changes is nucleus charge.
		In reference to the size of each of these, you'll need to consider the relative proton number with the electron number, effective nuclear charge.
		Typically, a isoelectronic cation is smaller than the anion because you've got the same number of electrons for both with a smaller proton number for the latter.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=69464 (379 words)

	Chapter 4 homework: Chem 101-C0C (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		--> Se The term isoelectronic means to have the same electron configuration.
		a) Mg is isoelectronic with Ne; b) Te2- is isoelectronic with Xe; c) N
		is isoelectronic with Ne; d) Be is isoelectronic with He.
	www.uwec.edu /halfenja/homework/chapter4.html (208 words)

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