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	isopod. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Isopods are characterized by their flattened bodies, lack of a carapace, and gills located on the abdominal appendages.
		Most isopods are small, less than 1/2 in.
		Isopods are classified in the phylum Arthropoda, subphylum Crustacea, order Isopoda.
	www.bartleby.com /65/is/isopod.html (203 words)

	Isopoda
		Isopods are the most diverse in form and the most species-rich crustaceans of the superorder Peracarida (isopods, amphipods, tanaids, and their kin).
		The phylogeny of Brusca and Wilson shows the isopods originating in a "short-tailed" morphology similar to that of modern tanaids, in which the pleotelson is highly reduced and the styliform uropods and anus are terminal.
		The tongue-eating isopod causes degeneration of the tongue of its host fish, the rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus, and it then attaches to the remaining tongue stub and floor of the fish's mouth by hook-like pereopods.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Isopoda&contgroup=Peracarida (2659 words)

	Isopod Crustacea in fossil amber
		Actually it is a member of the Crustacea known as an Isopod.
		Isopods vary greatly in appearance and are common inhabitants of many environments.
		Slaters are one of two groups of Crustacea that have become terrestrial: the Isopoda and the Amphipoda.
	www.fossilmuseum.net /Fossil-Pictures/Crustacea/isopod/Isopod.htm (168 words)

	Isopod, Pillbug, Sow Bug Information
		Isopods are omnivores or scavengers feeding on dead or decaying plants or animals.
		Isopods breathe with gills, so they are restricted to areas with high humidity, under rocks or logs, in leaf litter or in crevices.
		Isopods live where it is moist and usually in a shaded area.
	insected.arizona.edu /isoinfo.htm (539 words)

	ISOPODS
		Isopods are crustaceans, distant kin of shrimps, crabs, and crayfish.
		Like their aquatic relatives, isopods get the oxygen they need to survive through gill-like structures located at the bases of their legs, rather than through lungs like most terrestrial organisms.
		Isopods are excellent classroom animals—they exhibit interesting behaviors, they are small but not tiny, they don’t bite, smell, fly, or jump, and they are easy to care for.
	www.lawrencehallofscience.org /foss/fossweb/teachers/materials/plantanimal/isopods.html (967 words)

	EntomologyNotes#3
		Isopods generally hide when skin-shedding is about to occur because they are especially vulnerable to enemies at this time.
		Isopods have gills and they do not retain water well, so within a minute or two you should see them clump together, indicating a need to reduce water loss from their bodies.
		Isopods are cold blooded, which means their bodies take on the temperature of their surroundings.
	insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu /MES/notes/entonotes3.html (1399 words)

	Water & Atmosphere Vol. 9 No. 3, September 2001 - NIWA (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Isopods are familiar to many as the small bug-like slaters that are found in damp spots around the house and in gardens.
		The isopods most familiar to the casual observer are the so-called “sea lice” and “fish lice” (also referred to as tongue-biters and fish doctors) familiar to fishers and anglers.
		One family of marine isopods – the Cirolanidae – are scavenging animals which can sometimes swarm in vast numbers and are familiar as pests that attack damaged or dying fish, particularly at dusk or at night.
	www.niwa.cri.nz /pubs/wa/09-3/isopod.htm (1208 words)

	Isopoda
		Isopods are the most diverse in form and the most species-rich crustaceans of the superorder Peracarida (isopods, amphipods, tanaids, and their kin).
		Unlike short-tailed taxa, species of long-tailed isopods are highly mobile and frequently leave their benthic shelter to swim short distances through the water.
		Wallerstein and Brusca (1982) documented patterns of idoteid morphology and behavior indicating that when these isopods evolve in warmer waters they are smaller, their bodies are more spinose, their swimming behaviors differ from their temperate cousins, and they also reproduce at smaller sizes; all possible adaptations to avoid increased predation pressure in the tropics.
	www.tolweb.org /tree?group=Isopoda&contgroup=Peracarida (2659 words)

	Sea and Sky: Giant Isopod
		The giant isopod, known scientifically as Bathynomus giganteus, is the largest known member of the isopod family.
		Giant isopods are known to reach a size of over 16 inches in length and are one of the largest members of the crustacean family.
		Giant isopods are all over the world at depths of over 2000 feet.
	www.seasky.org /monsters/sea7a1n.html (165 words)

	Pathogenic_isopoda
		It seems that these isopods are non host-specific parasites transferred to cultured fish from the feral fish around the cages carrying adult pairs of isopods, one of which is the ovigerous female.
		Isopod infestation is confirmed by gross observation of the parasites on the skin, mouth, or in the gill chamber of the fish.
		Treatment of isopod larvae infestations has been attempted with considerable success by means of hourly formalin baths, at concentrations of about 150ppm, subsequent to enclosing the fish in a tarpaulin and providing ample water oxygenation.
	www.vetcare.gr /Pathogenic_isopoda.htm (3126 words)

	The Epicaridea
		The isopods typically attach to the carapace of their hosts near the juncture of the cephalothorax and abdomen, but some may be found on the host gills or attached to the head of their hosts.
		Brandt, A. Redescription of Notophryxus clypeatus Sars, 1885, a parasitic isopod of mysidaceans from the Kobleinsey Ridge, North of Iceland.
		Butler, T.H. Redescription of the parasitic isopod Holophryxus alaskensis Richardson, and a note on its synonymy.
	www.vims.edu /~jeff/isopod.htm (1671 words)

	isopodspot.html
		Isopods are classified by biologists as an order of higher crustaceans (Subclass Malacostraca; more on crustacean taxonomy) with elongated, segmented bodies.
		Terrestrial isopods called "pillbugs" are those most familiar to many people and you may click here to learn more about their problems of salt and water balance.
		Isopods which actively transport ions out of their body fluids are called "hypoosmoregulators" and their body fluids have a lower ion concentration and osmotic pressure than the medium ("C" on the graph above).
	ww2.lafayette.edu /~hollidac/isopodspot.html (1113 words)

	Australian Isopoda: Families - References
		Bruce, N.L. 1980. A new family of marine isopod (Flabellifera: Isopoda: Crustacea) from the reefs of the Coral Sea.
		Bruce, N.L. 1997. A new genus of marine isopod (Crustacea: Flabellifera: Sphaeromatidae) from Australia and the Indo-Pacific region.
		Sivertsen, E. and L.B. Holthuis. 1980. The marine isopod Crustacea of the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago.
	www.crustacea.net /crustace/isopoda/refs.htm (2254 words)

	AllRefer.com - isopod (Zoology: Invertebrates) - Encyclopedia
		Isopods are characterized by their flattened bodies, lack of a carapace, and gills located on the abdominal appendages.
		Some isopods roll up like armadillos when disturbed.
		Isopods are classified in the phylum Arthropoda, subphylum Crustacea, order Isopoda.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/I/isopod.html (244 words)

	Pictures of Isopods as Stock Photography and Royalty Free Stock Photos at A-Z Fotos.
		Picture of Isopods: sowbug or woodlouse, Porcelio scaber, a terrestrial isopod and Crustacean animal.
		Many isopods together at red surface, often just called bugs or bug.
		Isopods are often used in science teaching for science experiments because isopods are excellent experimental animals.
	www.azfotos.com /animals/crustaceans/isopod-pictures.htm (650 words)

	Parasitic Isopod
		Infestations by the isopod Excorallana tricornis tricornis on Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) caught in modified Antillean fish traps around Little Cayman Island were documented shortly after spawning season.
		Isopods were collected from 2 different grouper on subsequent days, and preserved in 95% ethanol for identification.
		Stepien and Brusca (1985) documented nocturnal attacks on caged temperate marine fish by isopods and concluded that the attacks occurred because confinement restricted normal escape mechanisms.
	cars.er.usgs.gov /posters/Coastal_Ecology/Parasitic_Isopod/parasitic_isopod.html (1296 words)

	Isopod general biology (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Isopods are said to be flattened but few are.
		During reproduction, the male isopod carries the female for a short period known as pre-copula which lasts until the moult at which copulation occurs.
		The most familiar isopods of all are the fully terrestrial slaters and pill bugs occuring in gardens and all other land habitats.
	www.mov.vic.gov.au /crust/isopbiol.html (515 words)

	isopod - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Postembryonic eye growth in the seashore isopod Ligia exotica (crustacea, isopoda).
		The IsoPod: The IsoPod's hardware, which integrates just about every capability you'll ever need, is coupled with a language that was created with behavioral robotics in mind.
		Morphology and physiology of the thoracic and abdominal stretch receptors of the isopod crustacean Ligia exotica.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-isopod.html (693 words)

	[No title]
		This isopod is found amongst mussels and barnacles on rocky shores and reefs along the coast of western South Africa.
		This isopod causes degeneration of the tongue of its host fish the rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus, and it then attaches to the remaining tongue stub and floor of the fish''s mouth by hook-like pereopods.
		Isopod drawing copyright © 1997 R. Brusca.'; IconFolder '/tree/icons/'; DeepEnclosing '../crustacea.html'; Enclosing Peracarida; EnclosingURL '../peracarida.html'; WebBrowserCreator MOSS; Copyright Date=1997 Holder=R._Brusca; TEXTNOTE ID=999 TITLE=Introduction TEXT='Isopods are the most diverse in form and the most species-rich crustaceans of the superorder Peracarida (isopods, amphipods, tanaids, and their kin).
	ag.arizona.edu /tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/crustacea/isopoda/Isopoda.nex (2357 words)

	Livoneca, Isopod
		Isopod on the face of a Royal Plecostomus.
		Isopod parasite from a Royal Plecostomus, Panaque nigrolineatus.
		The parasites are usually seen on the body of small fish or swimming in the water with them and measure 4 to 6 mm.
	www.geocities.com /steevward/livoneca.html (374 words)

	Australian Isopoda: Families - Index
		Images giving an overview of isopod morphology can be obtained via a word document accessed from the "morphology" heading listing under the "Introduction and references" button.
		Isopod family name endings have often been emended in recent times following the lead of Sivertsen and Holthuis (1980), for example Munnopsididae rather than Munnopsidae (see Just 2001c).
		Aspects of isopod anatomy, systematics and biology have recently been reviewed by Roman and Dalens (1999) and Trilles (1999).
	crustacea.net /crustace/isopoda (702 words)

	Isopod Behavior
		Raise isopods in a clear shoebox or similar, the bottom should be covered with soil or sand and kept moist (use a mister).
		Isopods can be fed carrots, raw pototoes or apples (alternately fish flakes can be used as food).
		Since your isopods are caught from the wild, make sure you are using the same type for your experiments.
	www.biologycorner.com /worksheets/isopod.html (684 words)

	Conservation in Indiana
		The frost cave isopod is a small, eyeless crustacean.
		The frost cave isopod is endemic to Indiana and Ohio.
		Threats to the frost cave isopod are habitat disturbance by humans and sewage pollution.
	ice.butler.edu /frostisopod.html (72 words)

	crustacean androgen: A hormone in an isopod and androgenic activity in decapods, The American Zoologist - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Recently, the androgenic hormone from the isopod Armadillidium vulgare was purified and characterized on the basis of a morphological bioassay.
		The study of the androgenic gland in decapods lags behind that in the isopods, and a decapod androgenic hormone has yet to be identified.
		In this paper, we summarize the recent advances in the identification of the AGH in the isopod A. vulgare and describe the most common models that could be used in the future as bioassay systems to facilitate the study of the AGH-its functions and mode of action-- in decapod crustaceans.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3746/is_200106/ai_n9001834 (854 words)

	Australian Isopoda: Families - Index
		Images giving an overview of isopod morphology can be obtained via a word document accessed from the "morphology" heading listing under the "Introduction and references" button.
		Isopod family name endings have often been emended in recent times following the lead of Sivertsen and Holthuis (1980), for example Munnopsididae rather than Munnopsidae (see Just 2001c).
		Aspects of isopod anatomy, systematics and biology have recently been reviewed by Roman and Dalens (1999) and Trilles (1999).
	www.crustacea.net /crustace/isopoda/index.htm (702 words)

	Isopod Habitat Preference (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Isopods (roly-polies) are a type of arthropod that responds to moisture, temperature, and light.
		Light Response Experiment: Choice studies can be conducted to see if isopods prefer light or dark conditions.
		Materials and Methods: Place an isopod in the center of a petri dish.
	entomology.unl.edu /k12/isopods/lightpreference.htm (228 words)

	EEK! - Critter Corner - Aquatic Sowbug or Isopod
		The isopod is a scavenger that uses its seven pairs of legs to move around the bottom of streams and ponds feeding on dead plants.
		The isopod’s eyes are very sensitive to light; therefore, it is usually active only at night.
		An isopod can live in water with low oxygen typical of water polluted with sewage or farm runoff.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /org/caer/ce/eek/critter/watercritter/sowbug.htm (114 words)

	Natuurinformatie - Bathynomus giganteus, the giant isopod (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The discovery of such a giant deep-sea isopod had a strong impact on the public imagination and several illustrations of the animal appeared in popular books dealing with the mysterious deep-sea world.
		The giant isopods live on the bottom of the sea, at a depth between 170 and 2,140 m, and seem to prefer a silty bottom texture.
		For instance, isopod females brood their eggs in a special cavity (marsupium) on the ventral side of their body.
	www.natuurinformatie.nl /ndb.kbin.en/natuurdatabase.nl/i000346.html (491 words)

	Isopod gallery (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Besides occurring in shallow marine water where crustaceans are typically found, isopods have succeeded both on land and in the deep sea where they have radiated into a variety of bizarre forms.
		Such is the diversity of form of the isopods that no species can be regarded as typical.
		Isopods are recognised by having most of the seven pairs of legs very similar to each other and in having only one pair of 'uropods' or tail-limbs.
	www.museum.vic.gov.au /crust/isopogal.html (159 words)

	08-16-05 NEW INVASIVE PARASITE RAISES CONCERN FOR WEST COAST ESTUARIES
		The parasitic isopod Orthione griffenis, which likely was introduced to the West Coast via ship ballast water, infests native mud shrimp and can be identified by its bulging carapace.
		This bopyrid isopod, known as Orthione griffenis (or Griffen's isopod) is a form of aquatic crustacean that enters the shrimp gill chamber under the carapace.
		There also are reports of the isopod as far south as Santa Barbara, Calif., and as far north as British Columbia, he added.
	oregonstate.edu /dept/ncs/newsarch/2005/Aug05/isopod.htm (1414 words)

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