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Topic: Isoquinoline

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	Isoquinoline - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Isoquinoline (also benzo[c]pyridine)is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound.
		In a broader sense, the term isoquinolines is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivates.
		Being an analog of pyridine, isoquinoline is a weak base, with a pK
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Isoquinoline (287 words)

	eMedicine - Plant Poisoning, Alkaloids - Isoquinoline and Quinoline : Article by William G Davenport, Jr, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids are a heterogeneous group of alkaloids with known toxicity to humans and domestic animals.
		The isoquinoline alkaloids papaverine, sanguinarine, protoverine, and chelidonine are GI tract irritants and CNS stimulants.
		Isoquinoline alkaloids are found in varying quantities in the prickly poppy, bloodroot, and celandine poppy.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic433.htm (2077 words)

	untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The simplest type of isoquinoline alkaloids is based on carbonyl compounds such as glyoxylic acid, pyruvic acid, and an aldehyde derived from leucine.
		Isoquinoline alkaloids sometimes occur as dimers and oligomers.
		Isoquinoline alkaloids are most common in the cactus family, Cactaceae, but also are found in the Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Musaceae, Nympheaceae, and Sterculiaceae.
	www.life.uiuc.edu /plantbio/363/lecture32.html (1896 words)

	J2. Pyrolysis of Indole, Quinoline and Isoquinoline
		Indole, quinoline and isoquinoline are bicyclic compounds, embedded in the structure of coal of many sources and origins and are known to be its major nitrogenous constituents.
		The study of the thermal reactions of these compounds in a pyrolytic, non oxidative environment, is a prerequisite for the understanding the combustion of coal and its nitrogenous constituents.
		The lines on the figures are the results of computer modeling of the overall decomposition of the two isomers (----- isoquinoline, quinoline) which assumes the existence of an intermediate which connects the reaction pathways of the two isomers.
	www.cstl.nist.gov /div838/kinet_conf/agenda/j_session/j2/j2.html (473 words)

	Acid-base interactions in some isoquinoline and quinazoline amino derivatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Absorption maxima of the isoquinoline and quinazoline ions were selected as analytical wavelengths, bearing in mind their considerable shifts relative to the maxima of the non-protonated forms.
		This is the result of the introduction in the position 1 of isoquinoline the strongly electrondonating amino or dimethylamino group whose free electron pair participates in the coupling with the ring π electrons.
		The bulky substituents in the position 1 of isoquinoline derivatives are twisted from the ring plane and the contribution of the resonance effect in the entire electronic effect interacted by these substituents decreases.
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2005/I05_Fisera/1228/LF-1228E.asp (3668 words)

	QUINOLINE - LoveToKnow Article on QUINOLINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Isoquinoline, isomeric with quinoline, was first discovered in coal-tar in 1885 by S. Hoogewerif and W. v.
		It may be separated from the quinoline which accompanies it by means of the difference in the solubility of the sulphates of the two compounds, N
		Numerous derivatives of isoquinoline are obtained in the decomposition of various vegetable alkaloids.
	www.1911ency.org /Q/QU/QUINOLINE.htm (1783 words)

	NEL, Presence of isoquinoline alkaloids in molluscan ganglia
		NEL, Presence of isoquinoline alkaloids in molluscan ganglia
		Tetrahydropapaveroline and reticuline, isoquinoline alkaloids, were purified and identified in the pedal ganglia of the marine mollusk Mytilus edulis.
		OBJECTIVES: To determine the presence of tetrahydropapaveroline and reticuline, isoquinoline alkaloids, in animal tissues previously shown to express opiate receptors.
	www.nel.edu /23_4/NEL230402A07_Stefano.htm (422 words)

	Comparative EPR and Redox Studies of Three Prokaryotic Enzymes of the Xanthine Oxidase Family: Quinoline ...
		For three prokaryotic enzymes of the xanthine oxidase family, namely quinoline 2-oxidoreductase, quinaldine 4-oxidase, and isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase, the electron transfer centers were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance.
		The enzymes are containing a molybdenum-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide cofactor, two distinct [2Fe-2S] clusters and, apart from isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase, a flavin adenine dinucleotide.
		The FeSI and FeSII centers produced different signals in all three enzymes and, in case of isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase, revealed a dipolar interaction, from which a maximum distance of 15 Å between FeSI and FeSII was estimated.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/1997/36/i32/abs/bi970581d.html (350 words)

	Isoquinoline and Quinazoline Urea Analogues as Antagonists for the Human Adenosine A3 Receptor
		Isoquinoline and Quinazoline Urea Analogues as Antagonists for the Human Adenosine A3 Receptor
		Isoquinoline and quinazoline urea derivatives were found to bind to human adenosine A
		A structure-affinity analysis indicated that on the 2-position of the quinazoline ring or the equivalent 3-position of the isoquinoline ring a phenyl or heteroaryl substituent increased the adenosine A
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jmcmar/2000/43/i11/abs/jm000002u.html (338 words)

	[No title]
		In: Arch Pharm (Weinheim) (1991 Jun) 324(6):379-80 ISSN: 0365-6233 The isoquinoline alkaloids are of great importance to humanity because of their medicinal value and different structure.
		During the last ten years, many isoquinoline alkaloids were isolated from Fumaria and Corydalis species growing in Turkey.
		Since the benzoisoquinolines are known to possess sedative-hypnotic activities, the potential effects of extracts from two species from this plant group, Eschscholtzia californica (Papaveraceae) and tyrosinase-catalyzed dimerization and/or oxidation of met-enkephalin were investigated.
	www.swsbm.com /Abstracts/Corydalis-AB.txt (1589 words)

	Isoquinoline Alkaloids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This project is focused on the structural studies of benzo[c]phenanthridine, protoberberine, and other isoquinoline plant alkaloids found in families Papaveraceae, Berberidaceae, Fumariaceae, and Rutaceae.
		The spectra obtained using advanced two-dimensional NMR techniques are used to extract structural parameters from chemical shifts, spin-spin scalar coupling constants and coherence transfer pathways of
		nteractions of isoquinoline alkaloids with basic building blocks of biomacromolecules and intermolecular interactions in the solid state are current hot topics.
	ncbr.chemi.muni.cz /NMR/rm_alkaloidy.html (228 words)

	eMedicine - Plant Poisoning, Alkaloids - Isoquinoline and Quinoline : Article Excerpt by: William G Davenport, Jr, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Background: Alkaloids are alkalilike compounds that form salts with acids and contain nitrogen, generally in heterocyclic and/or ring structure.
		As a group, the isoquinolines have proven to be more poisonous to domestic livestock than to humans.
		Interestingly, some domestic species tolerate ingestion of isoquinoline and other alkaloids, and humans can ingest toxic alkaloids from the milk of a poisoned animal and manifest symptoms.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/plant-poisoning-alkaloids---isoquinoline-and-quinoline.htm (546 words)

	New Uses of Berberine: A Valuable Alkaloid from Herbs for "Damp-Heat" Syndromes
		Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid with a bright yellow color that is easily seen in most of the herb materials that contain any significant amount of this compound.
		Among Chinese herbs, the primary sources are phellodendron and coptis (similar isoquinoline alkaloids, in these herbs, such as jateorrhizine, coptisine, palmatine, and columbamine, also have a yellowish color).
		Berberine has long been used as a dye; it is currently known as "natural yellow 18," being one of about 35 yellow dyes from natural sources.
	www.itmonline.org /arts/berberine.htm (1121 words)

	The World Market for Heterocyclic Compounds with Nitrogen Hetero-Atom(s) Only, Containing a Quinoline or Isoquinoline ...
		I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only, containing a quinoline or isoquinoline ring-system not further fused for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports.
		The total level of imports and exports on a worldwide basis, and those for each region, is based on a model which aggregates across country markets and projects these to the current year.
		Combined, Chapters 3 and 4 present the complete picture for imports and exports of heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only, containing a quinoline or isoquinoline ring-system not further fused to and from all major countries in the world.
	www.mindbranch.com /products/R307-5233.html (836 words)

	Isoquinolines as Antagonists of the P2X7 Nucleotide Receptor: High Selectivity for the Human versus Rat Receptor ...
		Isoquinolines as Antagonists of the P2X7 Nucleotide Receptor: High Selectivity for the Human versus Rat Receptor Homologues -- Humphreys et al.
		C, Ethidium influx at 3 min after ATP was measured and normalized to the maximal ATP-induced accumulation assayed in the absence of isoquinoline.
		Gargett CE and Wiley JS (1997) The isoquinoline derivative KN-62: a potent antagonist of the P2z-receptor of human lymphocytes.
	molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/54/1/22 (6091 words)

	Theses from Uppsala University : 959
		With this background in mind, nuclide bearing amino acids, nucleosides, and isoquinolines have been synthesised.
		The carborane containing isoquinoline derivative N-Methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-l-[2'-(l"-7"-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane(12)-l"-yl)ethyl]isoquinoline-3-carboxamide was synthesised as a potential PBR-ligand.
		Synthesis of biomolecules for nuclide therapy: Studies on amino acids, nucleosides and isoquinolines.
	publications.uu.se /theses/abstract.xsql?isbn=91-554-4420-2 (243 words)

	Pictet-Spengler reaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The reaction shown is an example of a 6-endo-trig reaction, which is favoured by Baldwin's ring closure rules.
		Replacing an indole with a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group give the reaction named the Pictet-Spengler isoquinoline synthesis.
		Reaction conditions are generally harsher than the indole variant, and require refluxing conditions with strong acids like hydrochloric acid or trifluoroacetic acid.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pictet-Spengler_reaction (464 words)

	Synthesis of 8-Bromoisoquinolines and a Crystal Structure of an Acyclic Secondary Amine-Borane
		Our interest in the fusion of a third ring to an isoquinoline framework, across the 8- and 1-positions, led to a requirement for 8-bromoisoquinoline or a derivative, so that a chain could be attached at the 8-position via a coupling procedure.
		from isoquinoline by nitration, reduction, diazotisation and Sandmeyer reaction, it was used
		isoquinoline ring synthesis could be examined was unrewarding – the expected cyclised product 4 was obtained under strongly acidic conditions, but could not be properly characterised and certainly was not converted to the aromatic isoquinoline under the standard conditions.
	www.organic-chemistry.org /abstracts/literature/516.shtm (752 words)

	1,4-Dipolar cycloaddition in organic synthesis: a facile route to isoquinoline fused heterocycles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The three component condensation reactions involving isoquinoline, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and carbonyl dipolarophiles such as o- and p-benzoquinones and N-substituted isatins constitute a one-pot synthesis of a variety of [1,3]oxazino isoquinoline derivatives via 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition.
		Thus the reaction of N-substituted isatins with DMAD and isoquinoline afforded the spiro[1,3]oxazino[2,3-a]isoquinoline derivatives 33-35 in moderate yields (Scheme 4).
		To a stirred solution of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (1 equiv) and quinone (1 equiv) in dry DME (10 mL) under an argon atmosphere, was added isoquinoline (1 equiv) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 6 h at room temperature.
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2005/I11_Swaminathan/1279/SS-1279L.asp (2962 words)

	SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ISOQUINOLINE ANALOGS OF STREPTONIGRIN
		Streptonigrin has a unique phenyl-pyridylquinoline quinone system with a number of structural elements capable of complexation with divalent ions and this ability serves to play an important role in its activity.
		A number of structural variations have been made to understand the requirements for activity and most of these were made in rings A, C and D. However, variations of ring B, such as replacement of the quinoline ring by an isoquinoline ring, have not been studied.
		The present objective was to synthesize a number of 'isoquinoline analogs' and examine their activity using a microbiological assay (B subtilis) and a root growth inhibition assay (cress seedlings).
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1989/dec/M89C0817.html (542 words)

	AN ANALYSIS OF THE REGIOSELECTIVITY OF AROMATIC HYDROXYLATION AND N-OXYGENATION BY CYTOCHROME P450 ENZYMES -- Dowers et ...
		Quinoline (a) and isoquinoline (b) with nomenclature shown.
		TABLE 4 Metabolism of quinoline and isoquinoline by P450 enzymes Values are mean rates ± the standard deviation of triplicate incubations.
		To test this hypothesis, isoquinoline was used as a substrate.
	dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/3/328 (3135 words)

	Conformational Analysis of Phosphinamine Ligands
		The only serious clash is between H3 of the isoquinoline and one of the N-CH groups; in the (R,R)-diastereomer the distance of the closest pair is 2.389A, and for the (R,S)-diastereomer the closest distance is 2.377A.
		There is a steric clash between H3 of the isoquinoline and an N-methyl group, and at the same time another between a P-phenyl group in the ligand and the naphthalene portion of the amine reagent.
		Although superficially similar, the oxazoline P-N family are distinct from the isoquinoline P-N family in their catalytic chemistry.
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /ectoc/ectoc-3/pub/028/028.html (2669 words)

	Naphthyl-Isoquinoline Alkaloids
		coupling type and configuration ("51P" means that the C atom at position 5 of the isoquinoline moiety is coupled to the C atom at position 1' in the naphthalene moiety, the axis has P configuration.
		substitution and stereochemistry at C atom 1 of the isoquinoline ("1S" means that a methyl group is present at C1 and C1 is saturated and has S configuration)
		saturation at C4 of the isoquinoline ("4H2" means that C4 is saturated and bonded to 2 H atoms)
	aaa-proteins.uni-graz.at /naphtho.html (312 words)

	[No title]
		"Molecular Genetics of Isoquinoline Alkaloid Biosynthesis in the Opium Poppy Papaver somniferum"
		Isoquinoline alkaloids are a class of compounds with 2500 members derived from the amino acid L-tyrosine.
		Among the isoquinoline alkaloids, morphine is one of the pharmaceutically important members that is still derived from the plant that produces it, the opium poppy Papaver somniferum.
	dbbs.wustl.edu /dbbs/website.nsf/0/1C13EF0F7A41B5CD86256FC700547C2F (147 words)

	Minter
		The reactions of enamines derived from isoquinoline have been used in this research to synthesize some of the simple tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids as well as a variety of 4-substituted isoquinolines and tetrahydroisoquinolines.
		Attack at C-4 under thermodynamic conditions leads to an isomeric enamine similar in reactivity to that derived from isoquinoline.
		This intermediate is potentially useful for introducing substituents at C-3 which are otherwise difficult to place at that position.
	www.chm.tcu.edu /minter.htm (468 words)

	IngentaConnect Antifeeding Activity of Isoquinoline Alkaloids Identified in Copt... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		IngentaConnect Antifeeding Activity of Isoquinoline Alkaloids Identified in Copt...
		The antifeeding activity of 3 isoquinoline alkaloids identified from roots of Coptis japonica Makino toward 4th-instar larvae of Hyphantria cunea Drury and adults of Agelastica coerulea Baly was examined using the leaf-dipping bioassay.
		The biologically active constituents of the Coptis roots were characterized as the isoquinoline alkaloids berberine, palmatine and coptisine by spectroscopic analysis.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/esa/jee/2000/00000093/00000002/art00020 (253 words)

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