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Topic: Isosporiasis

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Intestinal parasite

Schistosomiasis

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	eMedicine - Isosporiasis : Article by Venkat R Minnaganti, MD
		Isosporiasis is an initial AIDS-defining illness in approximately 0.2% of patients with AIDS.
		Isosporiasis is the initial AIDS-defining illness in approximately 2-3% of patients with AIDS who are from Africa.
		Isosporiasis is a food-borne and water-borne illness; practice of hygienic measures may help in preventing the transmission.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic1194.htm (2440 words)

	Project Inform: Isosporiasis [ HIV / AIDS Treatment Information ]
		Isosporiasis is quite rare in the United States; it is most common in tropical parts of the world and places where water contamination is a problem.
		In the U.S., isosporiasis is an initial AIDS-defining illness in approximately 0.2% of patients with AIDS.
		Watery diarrhea is a primary symptom of isosporiasis, along with abdominal pain, weight loss, loss of appetite, dehydration, and passing gas (flatulence).
	www.projinf.org /fs/iso.html (745 words)

	Isosporiasis and Cyclosporiasis: Intestinal Protozoa: Merck Manual Professional
		Isosporiasis and cyclosporiasis are infections with the coccidian protozoa Isospora belli and Cyclospora cayetanensis, respectively.
		Human isosporiasis and cyclosporiasis are most common in tropical and subtropical climates.
		In isosporiasis, the stool may contain Charcot-Leyden crystals (hexagonal, double-pointed, and often needlelike crystals) derived from eosinophils.
	www.merck.com /mmpe/sec14/ch185/ch185e.html (312 words)

	aidsmap.com \| Isosporiasis
		It is probably transmitted by oral-faecal contact from person-to-person and by drinking water contaminated by faeces carrying the parasite; unlike Cryptosporidium, it does not appear to be transmitted from animal-to-human.
		Isosporiasis causes symptoms very similar to those of cryptosporidiosis watery diarrhoea, cramping pains in the abdomen and weight loss.
		Weiss successfully treated two AIDS patients, unable to tolerate sulphonamides, for isosporiasis with pyrimethamine (50-75mg by mouth every day) and folinic acid (10mg by mouth every day); recurrence was prevented by maintenance treatment with pyrimethamine (25mg by mouth every day) and folinic acid (5mg by mouth every day).
	www.aidsmap.com /en/docs/FBC4FEBA-CD2B-4840-BE97-B64FC5FC9D07.asp (490 words)

	NEJM -- Treatment and prophylaxis of Isospora belli infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
		All were treated with trimethoprim (160 mg) and sulfamethoxazole (800 mg), given orally four times a day for 10 days; the patients were then randomly assigned to receive 500 mg of sulfadoxine and 25 mg of pyrimethamine weekly, 160 mg of trimethoprim and 800 mg of sulfamethoxazole three times a week, or placebo.
		Half of the patients (5 of 10) who received placebo had recurrent, symptomatic isosporiasis a mean of 1.6 months after the initial treatment.
		We conclude that isosporiasis in patients with AIDS can be treated effectively with a 10-day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and that recurrent disease can subsequently be prevented by ongoing prophylaxis with either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/320/16/1044 (388 words)

	Indian Pediatrics - Editorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The clinical features and laboratory data of isosporiasis in children during this period are described.
		The clinical data of patients with isosporiasis with or without HIV infection is summarised in Table I.
		Similarly, occysts may not be shed during initial phase of infection when the asexual phase of life cycle predominates, and the clinical symptoms become apparent.
	www.indianpediatrics.net /oct2002/oct-941-944.htm (1362 words)

	epidemiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Between 1985-1992, 7.4% of foreign-born AIDS-infected El Salvadorians had Isosporiasis, and 5.4% of Mexican-born AIDS patients had the disease.
		Isosporiasis has been implicated in outbreaks of diarrhea in institutions in the US, such as mental institutions and day cares.
		There has been an increased incidence of Isosporiasis in AIDS patients, and unprotected homosexual activity has been suggested as a factor in this rise.
	www.stanford.edu /class/humbio103/ParaSites2002/isosporiasis/epidemiology.html (132 words)

	UpToDate Isospora infections
		Infections are acquired by the ingestion of oocysts of the parasite that have been passed in human feces.
		The epidemiology of isosporiasis is not yet delineated, although it is likely that direct person-to-person spread and transmission via contaminated food or water are involved in the spread of this infection.
		In contrast, isosporiasis is often a chronic diarrheal infection, prone to relapse even after therapy in immunocompromised hosts [3,8], especially those with AIDS [3] and human T-lymphotropic type I infection [9].
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=parasite/7504&title=Diarrhea (501 words)

	Diseases
		Isospora Belli is a parasite causing the disease known as isosporiasis.
		Isosporiasis symptoms include diarrhea and often loss of weight.
		Isosporiasis treatment isn't complicated but still it's recommended to consult the doctor.
	diseases.healthandbeautyjournal.com (1341 words)

	NEJM -- Clinical manifestations and therapy of Isospora belli infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency ...
		Although I. belli rarely causes diarrhea in patients with AIDS in the United States, we have documented isosporiasis in 15 percent (20 of 131) of such patients in Haiti.
		Recurrent symptomatic isosporiasis developed in 47 percent of the patients, but it also responded promptly to therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
		We conclude that isosporiasis is common in Haitian patients with AIDS, and that it responds to therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but is associated with a high rate of recurrence.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/315/2/87 (380 words)

	Specialty Laboratories ::: we help doctors help patients
		Isosporiasis should be suspected in HIV-infected patients (from tropical countries) with diarrhea, weight loss, eosinophilia, and low CD4 cell counts.
		Isosporiasis, cryptosporidiosis, cyclosporidiosis and microsporidiosis are similar in epidemiology, disease pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment.
		Patients with isosporiasis respond to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
	www.specialtylabs.com /books/print_view.asp?id=175 (493 words)

	ISOSPORIASIS IN VENEZUELAN ADULTS INFECTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS: CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION -- CERTAD et ...
		was noted between isosporiasis and age or sex.
		We found that isosporiasis seems to be a seasonal infection.
		Isosporiasis has been considered to be mainly a water-borne
	www.ajtmh.org /cgi/content/full/69/2/217 (2704 words)

	Cryptosporidiosis, Cyclosporiasis, and Isosporiasis in the Setting of HIV Infection
		The high rate of isosporiasis in HIV-infected Latin Americans raised the rate of isosporiasis to 1% of all AIDS patients in Los Angeles.(161) Isosporiasis was more likely to occur in foreign-born patients than in those born in the United States.
		A prior history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was negatively associated with isosporiasis presumably due to the prevention of primary isosporiasis or expression of latent isosporiasis by TMP-SMX prophylaxis for PCP.(162)
		The pathophysiology of the isosporiasis disease process and the immune perturbations that lead to prolonged disease have not been reported.
	hivinsite.ucsf.edu /InSite.jsp?page=kb-05&doc=kb-05-04-01 (5311 words)

	Isospora belli Infection Associated with Acalculous Cholecystitis in a Patient with AIDS -- Benator et al. 121 (9): 663 ...
		Although isosporiasis is primarily an illness of tropical or
		St Georgiev V. Opportunistic infections: treatment and developmental therapeutics of cryptosporidiosis and isosporiasis.
		Disseminated extraintestinal isosporiasis in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/121/9/663 (1080 words)

	HIV Medicine 2005 \| Opportunistic Infections
		These diseases include aspergillosis, bacillary angiomatosis, histoplasmosis, isosporiasis, coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis), visceral leishmaniasis, microsporidiosis, Penicillium marneffei mycosis and rhodococcosis.
		Despite this, only three, namely histoplasmosis, isosporiasis and coccidioidomycosis, are AIDS-defining according to the current CDC/WHO classification.
		The editors and the authors of HIV Medicine might agree - under certain conditions - to remove the copyright on their book for all languages except English and German.
	www.hivmedicine.com /textbook/oi.htm (137 words)

	HIV Medicine 2005 \| Isosporiasis
		In immunocompromised patients, chronic diarrhea and finally even malnutrition may occur (review in: Goodgame 1996).
		Chronic isosporiasis with diarrhea lasting for more than four weeks is AIDS-defining.
		Isosporiasis in Venezuelan adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus: clinical characterization.
	www.hivmedicine.com /textbook/oi/isos.htm (202 words)

	Tropical Medicine Central Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Autopsy findings in one case seem to support this theory.
		In a 1998 report, Hizawa et al used double-contrast barium studies to compare the radiological features of strongyloidiasis with isosporiasis (infection with the parasite Isospora belli) in 5 Japanese patients, 4 of whom had impaired cellular immunity (3 had HTLV-1 infection).
		All had duodenal biopsy with histological examination, proving strongyloidiasis in 3 patients and isosporiasis in the other two.
	tmcr.usuhs.mil /tmcr/chapter13/radiological4.htm (613 words)

	Thieme: Fachzeitschriften: Endoscopy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Isosporiasis has been increasingly recognized as an important gastrointestinal parasitic disease after the onset of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [1-3].
		If multiple stool specimens are nondiagnostic, duodenal biopsy may be useful to establish the diagnosis.
		Parasitic diseases in immunocompromised hosts: cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, and strongyloidiasis.
	www.thieme.de /fz/endoscopy/03_99/ifoc_01.html (176 words)

	eMedicine - Isosporiasis : Article by Robert W Tolan, Jr, MD
		Synonyms and related keywords: Apicomplexa coccidia protozoan, dehydration, diarrhea, gastrointestinal infection, Isospora, Isospora belli, I belli, I belli disease, I belli infection, isosporiasis, parasitic infection
		Unlike many of the protozoal infections that cause similar diseases, effective therapies are available for isosporiasis.
		Limson-Pobre RN, Merrick S, Gruen D, Soave R: Use of diclazuril for the treatment of isosporiasis in patients with AIDS.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic1213.htm (2623 words)

	Protozoal Infections: Isosporiasis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		successfully treated 32 AIDS patients with isosporiasis with TMP/SMX (one double-strength tablet PO four times daily).
		For maintenance, the patients were randomized to receive TMP/SMX (one double strength tablet three times weekly), sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (500 mg/25 mg weekly), or placebo.
		successfully treated two AIDS patients unable to tolerate sulfonamides, for isosporiasis with pyrimethamine (50-75 mg PO qd) and leucovorin (10 mg PO qd); recurrence was prevented by maintenance treatment with pyrimethamine (25 mg PO qd) and leucovorin (5 mg PO qd).
	www.hivpositive.com /f-Oi/OppInfections/4-Protozoal/4-Pro-Isosp.html (141 words)

	isosporiasis - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 6 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word isosporiasis:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "isosporiasis" is defined.
		ISOSPORIASIS : CPCRA AIDS Specific and Clinical Trials Terminology [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=isosporiasis&ls=all (105 words)

	LavaCUBED \Health\Conditions_and_Diseases\Infectious_Diseases\Parasitic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Filaria Journal - Addresses the biology, infections, disease and control of filariasis, onchocerciasis, and guinea worm.
		Isosporiasis - CDC DPDx - Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.
		Lice - CDC Division of Parasitic Diseases - Includes factsheets on head, body, and pubic lice and the conditions they cause, news releases, and reports.
	www.lavacubed.com /new.cats.php?path=/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_Diseases/Parasitic (421 words)

	JustCan.com Disability Directory > Health> Conditions and Diseases> Infectious Diseases> Parasitic
		Filaria Journal - - Addresses the biology, infections, disease and control of filariasis, onchocerciasis, and guinea worm.
		Isosporiasis - CDC DPDx - - Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.
		Lice - CDC Division of Parasitic Diseases - - Includes factsheets on head, body, and pubic lice and the conditions they cause, news releases, and reports.
	justcan.com /odpphp/odp.php?browse=/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_Diseases/Parasitic (472 words)

	PKP Open Archives Harvester: View Record (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Cryptosporidiosis and Isosporiasis among HIV/AIDS patients in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia
		Background and objectives: Cryptosporidosis and isosporiasis are becoming common in subjects with AIDS.
		Thus a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the magnitude of Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora belli infections among HIV/AIDS patients in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia.
	www.kevinjamieson.com /harvester/viewrecord.php?id=2993 (223 words)

	AEGiS OI: Isosporiasis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Isosporiasis is an intestinal disease caused by a parasite -- Isosporiasis belli -- which is found in the tropics and subtropics.
		Isosporiasis, chronic intestinal (greater than 1 month's duration)
		Pyrimethamine is sometimes effective for those who can't take sulfonamides.
	www.aegis.com /topics/oi/oi-isosporiasis.html (190 words)

	AIDSmeds.com - Isosporiasis : Are there any experimental treatments?
		AIDSmeds.com - Isosporiasis : Are there any experimental treatments?
		If you would like to find out if you are eligible for any clinical trials involving new treatments for isosporiasis, there is an interactive web site run by ACRIA, the AIDS Community Research Initiative of America.
		Please find profiles of this team on our "About Us" page.
	www.aidsmeds.com /OIs/Isosporiasis4.htm (125 words)

	Parasitic Health, Directory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		WormLearn A parasitology site that helps people with little or no knowledge of parasites get essential introductory information.
		Isosporiasis - CDC DPDx Factsheet with causal agents, life cycle, geographic distribution, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.
		eMedicine - Isosporiasis Article by Venkat R Minnaganti, MD.
	www.wtcpa.org /d3RfMzU3NzQ1.aspx (386 words)

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