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Topic: Italian Social Movement

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	Fiamma Tricolore - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Its name means "Tricolour flame" in Italian, which was the symbol of the Italian Social Movement.
		It was started by the more radical members of the fascist Italian Social Movement, who supported party founder Pino Rauti in refusing to join the relatively mainstream Alleanza Nazionale.
		Boccacci is the former leader of the Movimento Politico Occidentale, a skinhead organization based in Rome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fiamma_Tricolore (318 words)

	Italian Social Movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Italian Social Movement (Movimento sociale italiano) (MSI) was a neo-Fascist party formed 1946 in the post-World War II period by supporters of the executed dictator Benito Mussolini under the lead of Giorgio Almirante.
		For many of its supporters, MSI was both a reference to the Italian Social Republic, a Nazi puppet state in northern Italy also known as the Republic of Salò, and could also mean “Mussolini sei immortale”, or “Mussolini you are immortal”.
		He announced the foundation of the Alleanza Nazionale (“National Alliance” - AN), a neoliberal right-wing movement which claimed to be committed to the democratic process, centrist in orientation and opposed in its constitution to antisemitism, xenophobia and racism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Italian_Social_Movement (1092 words)

	Learn more about Fascism in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		By 1926 opposition movements had been outlawed, and in 1928 election to parliament was restricted to Fascist-approved candidates.
		Belgium (1939-1945) - The violent Rexist movement and the VNV party achieved some electoral success in the 1930s and many of its members assisted the Nazi occupation during World War II.
		Slovakia (1939-1944) - The Slovak Populist Party was a quasi-fascist nationalist movement associated with the Roman Catholic Church.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /f/fa/fascism.html (2479 words)

	FASCISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Fascism was an authoritarian political movement that developed in Italy and other European countries after 1919 as a reaction against the political and social changes brought about by World War I and the spread of socialism and communism.
		Italian fascism was founded in Milan on Mar. 23, 1919, by Benito MUSSOLINI, a former revolutionary socialist leader.
		A special feature of Italian fascism was the attempt to eliminate the class struggle from history through nationalism and the corporate state.
	condor.stcloudstate.edu /~jaz/altruism/fascism.html (752 words)

	Fascism Defined - Source for Political Terminology Analysis and Defintions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Nazi movement spoke of class based society as the enemy and wanted to unify the racial element above established classes, whereas the Fascist movement sought to preserve the class system and uphold it as the foundation of established and progressive culture.
		The role of the state, for example: Socialism considers the state to be merely a "tool of the people," sometimes calling it a "necessary evil," which exists to serve the interests of the people and to protect the common good (in addition, certain forms of libertarian socialism reject the state altogether).
		Elements of the practice of socialist movements he retained were the need for a mass party; the importance of building support among the working class; and techniques relating to the dissemination of ideas, such as the use of propaganda.
	www.politicsdefined.com /content/fascism.htm (3773 words)

	Wu Ming - Notes on the Metaphors of Italian Social Conflict
		Social conflict is endemic and natural, thus it is quite appropriate to use seasonal metaphors to describe it.
		For many historical and social reasons, the Italian social movements were able to emerge as multitudes of people describing themselves by an endless, lively flow of tales, using those tales as weapons in order to impose a new imagery from the grassroots.
		Social centres are not mere "squats": some of them are nearly as big as little villages and contain concert halls, radio stations, even community kindergartens.
	www.wumingfoundation.com /english/giap/giapdigest18.html (3102 words)

	TNI Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Speaking slowly and in the most passionate and poetic Italian he challenged the new generation of activists "to bring this power of peace and new politics which you have created from the streets to the Parliaments to conquer the power of the current national and international institutions".
		This closing session of the Social Movements culminating the ESF became a rally of commitments criss-crossing the Continent.
		A Europewide movement was born from the gigantic social and political laboratory of the ESF but this was acknowledged to be only a beginning.
	www.tni.org /archives/brennan/firenze.htm (893 words)

	Strike One to Educate One Hundred - Introduction
		Italian fascism also attracted the nationalistic wing of the Italian anarcho-syndicalist and social-democratic movements, whose best-known political leader was Mussolini himself.
		While the Italian fascists always like to pretend that their 50,000 "Black Shirt" legionnaires had seized Rome by force, the fact is that fascist dictatorship was installed by the army and politicians at the orders of the bourgeoisie.
		Italian constitution forbids reorganization of the fascist party, but the MSI is the direct continuation of Mussolini's party.
	www.kersplebedeb.com /mystuff/italy/strike_one_1.html (4666 words)

	Italy
		Social problems such as unemployment and the poor functioning of public services-education, the national health service and the postal system-continued to plague Italy.
		A traditionalist movement opposing innovations in the Roman Catholic church wrought by the Second Vatican Council in the mid-1960s appeared to gain strength in 1996, although the tiny fundamentalist groups involved remained at the fringes of the Catholic church as a whole.
		La tradizione cattolica (Catholic Tradition), the bulletin of the Italian branch of the Fraternità sacerdotale di San Pio X, was edited in Rimini at the Priory of the Madonna di Loreto and espoused similar positions as Sodalitium.
	www.axt.org.uk /antisem/archive/archive2/Italy/italy_12.97.htm (6054 words)

	"Autonomia" and Autonomous Social Movements in Italy in the 1970s
		Alberto Melucci (1977, 1989) views the new social movements essentially as defensive social phenomena, seeking to preserve ways of life and sets of values placed under threat by the exigencies of a revitalised capitalism, with culture, the body and communication as the principal arenas of contestation.
		Although the emphasis was always on the collective, autonomy was also seen as an individual demand and practice: the diversity of the needs of the individual could not be subordinated to the voluntarism of party discipline nor to the romantic leftist myth of heroic self-sacrifice.
		Most of these ?armed groups?, however, collapsed under the weight of their own internal contradictions, seeking to be part of the >autonomy of the social= while engaging in an >armed struggle= whose politico-military logic of frontal opposition against the State was alien to the experiences and needs of the new social subjects themselves.
	ktru-main.lancs.ac.uk /CSEC/nscm.nsf/0/4e8a15e4d43857b8802567210071365b?OpenDocument (2513 words)

	Shofar FTP Archives: places/italy/gm.060294
		For others, the emergence of the Italian Social Movement has legitimized a nostalgia for what is seen as the efficiency of the Fascist era.
		One year after the Italian Social Republic collapsed in 1945, the survivors formed the Italian Social Movement.
		Throughout the Cold War, the party, knoown as the _Missini_ from its initials in Italian, captured a steady 5 to 8 per cent of the vote.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/ftp.cgi/ftp.py?places/italy/gm.060294 (1148 words)

	Sea2Sea.blogspot.com: Italy: Who is Manuevering Ransom for Hostages?
		Gustavo Selva is head of the Italian parliament's foreign affairs committee and a member of the National Alliance, one of the parties in the governing coalition.
		The Italian Social Movement (Movimento Sociale Italiano) (MSI) was a neo-Fascist party formed in the post-World War II period by supporters of the executed dictator Benito Mussolini.
		Italian Interior Minister Giuseppe Pisano said investigators believe the Bologna-based operatives behind the EU attacks have allies in France, Germany, Greece, Spain and Switzerland.
	sea2sea.blogspot.com /2005/03/italy-who-is-manuevering-ransom-for.html (1005 words)

	The Italian Extreme Right On-line Network: An Exploratory Study Using an Integrated Social Network Analysis and Content ...
		In the SNA framework, social actors and their actions constitute a whole entity, and the unit of analysis is not the individual, but rather the community.
		Italian Social Republic (ISR) nostalgics (13 sites): These are groups which refer to the Fascist National Party of the 1920s and 1930s, to the ISR of Salò, or to Benito Mussolini's apologists.
		Nevertheless, it is not possible to claim from social network analysis alone that there is a correspondence between link data and the ER movement's interorganizational structure, or that links are "empirical indicators of affinity between movement organizations and ideological viewpoints" (Burris et al., 2000, p.
	jcmc.indiana.edu /vol10/issue2/tateo.html (6131 words)

	Trotsky and the Struggle Against Fascism
		While on all sides Marxism was being distorted and misused both by the Stalinists and the Social Democracy to justify their own betrayal of the working class movement, Trotsky consistently put forward a revolutionary position on all problems facing the workers.
		This is an important element in the equation that has to be considered, the role of the leadership of the labour movement, both in its political expression (the Labour, Socialist, Social Democratic and Communist parties) and in its trade union representation.
		The offices of the Trade Unions, of the Communist and Socialist parties, the headquarters of the co-operative movement, the journals of the left, were all attacked, burnt down and destroyed by squads organised by the fascists.
	www.newyouth.com /archives/theory/trotsky_and_fight_against_fascism_20000301.asp?format=print (4733 words)

	[No title]
		To ensure that such source attributions are captured for social science bibliographic utilities, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications.
		The influence of family and religious ties on political attitudes and behavior was probed, as were the effects of the multi-party structure and the impact of the mass media on Italian political life.
		Strikes: "social movements that provoke strikes", "Strikes for salaries ought to be stopped, disciplined".
	ssdc.ucsd.edu /ssdc/browse/cb7953.txt (7480 words)

	Italian Social Movement: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Italian Social Movement (Movimento sociale italiano) (MSI) was a neo-Fascist (neo-Fascist: the terms neo-nazism and neo-fascism refer to any social or political movement seeking...
		Gianfranco Fini (Gianfranco Fini: gianfranco fini (born january 3, 1952 in bologna) is an italian politician,...
		right-wing (right-wing: more facts about this subject) movement committed to the democratic (democratic: democracy is a form of government under which the power to alter the laws and structures...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/italian_social_movement (694 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Monitoring \| Media reports \| Italy's Fini invited to Israel
		As part of his rapprochement with the Jewish state, Mr Fini said that the Italian Government might ban a far-right rally scheduled for Saturday in the northern town of Verona.
		In the interview, Mr Fini said Italians must ask for forgiveness for Mussolini's 1938 race laws, under which thousands of Italian Jews were deported.
		Mr Fini was the last leader of the far-right Italian Social Movement, formed after the war.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/not_in_website/syndication/monitoring/media_reports/2313781.stm (576 words)

	In Italy, a Kinder, Gentler Fascism
		OME — This summer the president of the Italian state broadcasting system, RAI, addressed the national congress of the National Alliance, the right-wing party led principally by what are known as "post-Fascists." The official, Antonio Baldassarre, announced that it was time to "rewrite history" — that is, as it is presented on Italian television.
		Fascism, despite its claim to being a "totalitarian" regime, was, he argued, a softer dictatorship that retained much of the liberal bureaucracy, made peace with the Roman Catholic Church and did not share Hitler's obsession with racism and the Jews.
		It was a war that pitted Italians against other Italians, and tens of thousands of repubblichini, he argued, volunteered out of genuine patriotic fervor, however unpleasant or misguided.
	personal.ecu.edu /conradtd/pols2010/Fall023234/FALL023234034.htm (1773 words)

	Biography: Angelo Roncalli, Pope John XXIII, bishop (4 Jun 1963) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Angelo Roncalli, the third of thirteen children, was born to a family of farmers 25 November 1881 at Sotto il Monte in northern Italy.
		At the age of twelve he entered the diocesan seminary at Bergamo and came under the influence of progressive leaders of the Italian social movement.
		He was appointed the secretary to the new bishop of Bergamo and with him learned forms of social action and gained an understanding of the problems of the working classes.
	elvis.rowan.edu /~kilroy/JEK/06/04.html (762 words)

	Social Movements Research Group - Topical News and Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		This movement was building something that was clearly a challenge to the state, to individualism, and even to the Mafia.
		In Rome and Milan the roots of these new social movements were very deep, the people involved went to work and had families.
		They were regular people in an extraordinary movement, participating in a battle to maintain collective, safe and vibrant space.
	www.edgehill.ac.uk /research/smg/ArticlesDazza.htm (1197 words)

	Christian Democracy (Italy): Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		From 1948 until the 1992, DC was the largest party in parliament, governing in successive coalitions with the smaller Liberal, Republican and Social Democratic parties and, after the 1963, with the Socialist Party.
		A short-lived DC government (1960) relying on parliamentary support from the Italian Social Movement (Italian Social Movement: the italian social movement (movimento sociale italiano) (msi) was a neo-fascist...
		Later in the 60s, the increased political influence of the left wing factions, led by Amintore Fanfani (Amintore Fanfani: amintore fanfani (6 february 1908 - 20 november 1999) was an italian politician...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/christian_democracy_italy (778 words)

	weitaly
		PSI (Italian Socialist Party) was split over the relation to the PCI.
		Communist leadership of the workers’ movement – policy of labour exclusion.
		Social Democrats and Republicans exited the CGIL to form the UIL (Italian Labor Union).
	guweb2.gonzaga.edu /faculty/brunell/weitaly.html (1564 words)

	The Dominion: New Italian Foreign Minister, Former Neo-Fascist
		Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi named former neo-fascist Gianfranco Fini as Italy’s new foreign minister on Nov. 18, 2004.
		The National Alliance was created in the early 1990s to replace the Italian Social Movement, which was formed post-war in an effort to continue the ideals of Benito Mussolini.
		Mussolini, fascist dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1943, attempted to create an Italian empire, ultimately in alliance with Hitler’s Germany, but the defeat of Italian arms in World War II brought an end to his imperial dream and led to his downfall.
	dominionpaper.ca /international_news/2004/11/22/new_italia.html (496 words)

	[Infoshop News] Fwd: [londonscn-forum] Proposal to form a national Social Centres Network - EF!SG2002 meeting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The London Social Centres Network [SCN] is a network which was formed 6 months ago by a group of anarchists after a long realisation that there was a lack of cohesion and focus amongst the anti-capitalist and anarchist community.
		The idea of Social Centres and the forming of a network was inspired from our experiences of the Italian Social Centres movement, which has managed to create a connection with society whilst being social, cultural and political spaces for radical activities.
		The discussion list is there to expand our ideas of Social Centres: Discussion list: londonscn-forum-subscribe@lists.riseup.net Events list/newsletter: londonscn-events-subscribe@lists.riseup.net A website to be a focal point for the movement in London with resources and events in and around Social Centres.
	flag.blackened.net /pipermail/infoshop-news/2002-June/001206.html (616 words)

	David Graeber, Genoa and the New Language of Protest
		The other, along Corso Marconi (one of the city’s main thoroughfares) the next day, was the sort of scene one might see in the aftermath of a riot almost anywhere: shattered glass from storefront windows, charred automobile parts, and, everywhere, spent tear-gas canisters and jagged rocks.
		Police cut off the march before they reached Bringole Station and started a major gas attack, lobbing shells like mortar fire well behind the front lines; people started collapsing and vomiting behind their shields; at the front, police were firing gas canisters like bullets directly at people’s heads and, eventually, shooting live ammunition.
		The governments of France and Germany are putting intense pressure on the Italian government to explain what happened to their nationals in Italian jails; huge marches have occurred in every major Italian city.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/27d/057.html (1806 words)

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