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	Ivy Lee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ivy Ledbetter Lee (born near Cedartown, Georgia on July 16, 1877) is considered by some to be the founder of modern public relations, although the title could also be held by Edward Bernays.
		The son of a Methodist minister, Lee studied at Princeton and worked as a newspaper reporter and stringer.
		Lee was hired by George Parker, and together they established the US's third public relations firm, Parker and Lee, in late 1904.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ivy_Lee (264 words)

	Ivy
		Ivies are very popular in cultivation within their native range, both for attracting wildlife, and for their evergreen foliage; many cultivars with variegated foliage (photo, right) and/or unusual leaf shape have been selected.
		Ivies have however proved to be a serious invasive weed in the parts of North America where winters are not severe, and their cultivation there is now discouraged in many areas.
		Much has been argued as to whether ivy climbing trees will harm the tree or not; the consensus in Europe is that they do not harm trees significantly, though they may compete for ground nutrients and water to a small extent, and trees with a heavy growth of ivy can be more liable to windthrow.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Ivy (888 words)

	Ivy Lee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Ivy Lee's longest lasting contribution to the profession may have been the Declaration of Principles he distributed to the media in 1906 when he and his then-partner George Parker began advising anthracite coal operators on how they could respond to a strike.
		When Lee went to work for the Rockefeller family, John D. Rockefeller had a long and well-deserved reputation as a robber baron because he was one.
		In the midst of this turmoil and before his role could be settled in the public eye, the 57-year-old Lee died of a brain tumor and the complete details of his work in Germany were never publicly revealed, a fact that some public relations historians see as a fl cloud hanging over his reputation.
	www.nku.edu /~turney/prclass/readings/3eras2x.html (875 words)

	Ivy Lee -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Ivy Ledbetter Lee (born near (additional info and facts about Cedartown, Georgia) Cedartown, Georgia on July 16 1877) is considered the founder of modern (A promotion intended to create goodwill for a person or institution) public relations.
		The son of a (A follower of Wesleyanism as practiced by the Methodist Church) Methodist minister, Lee studied at (A university town in central New Jersey) Princeton and worked as a newspaper reporter and (A member of a squad on a team) stringer.
		The Parker and Lee firm lasted less than four years, but the junior partner--Lee--was to become one of the most influential pioneers in public relations.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/i/iv/ivy_lee.htm (162 words)

	[CTRL] [1] Ivy Ledbetter Lee Papers
		Ivy Lee's childhood was spent in Atlanta, Georgia except for his senior year in high school spent in St. Louis, Missouri.
		Lee continued through the 1920s to push for United States recognition of the Soviet Union leading to many false accusations that Lee was in the employ of the Soviet government as a propagandist.
		Lee planned a trip with his family and a few friends across the country by rail in the summer of 1926 saving the itinerary and many newsclippings of the trip collected over the journey.
	www.mail-archive.com /ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg08926.html (6797 words)

	Ivy Lee - SourceWatch
		Ivy Ledbetter Lee was one of the first leaders of the burgeoning public relations industry that was mostly being advanced by former newspaper men who recognized a new, specialized facet of the press industry.
		He hired Ivy Lee because of his writing abilities, which were necessary because they soon had to defend themselves from attacks by the press for ghost writing press releases and placing advertisements disguised as stories.
		Lee went to work for John D. Rockefeller in 1914, managing the public's perspective of the Ludlow Massacre, which involved the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, whose mines were owned by the Rockefellers.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Ivy_Lee (1084 words)

	MediaChannel.org - INTERVIEWS \| Stuart Ewen
		Ivy Lee was the representative of the railroad industry and of Standard Oil.
		Lee basically started publishing information sheets about the Ludlow massacre, indicating that the fires had been set by the miners themselves, that Mother Jones, who was active in it, was the keeper of a house of ill repute.
		Ivy Lee's reputation throughout much of his life was that of "Poison Ivy," a paid liar.
	www.mediachannel.org /views/interviews/ewen.shtml (1430 words)

	ab_vivian_mmcprcd_1\|Public Relations\|Media People
		Ivy Lee, a young man with a newspaper background, hung a shingle in New York for a new publicity agency in 1906.
		One of Lee's first clients was an association of coal mine owners who had simmering labor problems and were worried the government might side with the miners if there were a strike.
		Ivy Lee came on the scene at a time when many organizations were making extravagant claims about themselves and their products.
	wps.ablongman.com /ab_vivian_mmcprcd_1/0,5148,274823-,00.html (1309 words)

	Ivy Ledbetter Lee Papers \| Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library
		Ivy L. Lee was born in Cedartown, Georgia on July 16, 1877 of Emma Eufaula Ledbetter Lee and the Reverend Dr. James Wideman Lee, a well known Methodist clergyman in the South.
		Ivy Lee corresponded with a wide variety of individuals but the correspondence series does not reflect the wide range of correspondence which Lee must have carried on with these individuals.
		Ivy Lee's speeches encompass all the issues he was interested in throughout his life including economics, foreign relations, transportation, and public relations.
	libweb.princeton.edu /libraries/firestone/rbsc/finding_aids/lee.html (10703 words)

	Ivy Lee Jr. -- PR expert and GOP fund-raiser
		Ivy Lee Jr., a public relations expert with ties to the state and national Republican establishment, died in his sleep at his Pacific Heights home Tuesday at age 94.
		Lee began his career as a partner in his father's public relations firm, Ivy Lee and T.J. Ross - Ivy Lee was J.D. Rockefeller's public relations chief - and served on various military contract operations conducted by Pan American World Airways.
		Lee is survived by his wife, Marie Devin Lee; daughter Jean; and stepsons Stephen Devin and Lawrence Devin.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/10/25/BAG6B2JAK61.DTL (329 words)

	LEE , Ivy, Jr.
		Lee is survived by his wife Marie Devin Lee, daughter Jean Downey Lee, stepsons Stephen Devin (Barbara), Lawrence Devin (Geraldine), and many step-grandchildren, nieces, nephews, and cousins.
		Lee was originally a partner in his father's public relations firm Ivy Lee and T. Ross in New York City.
		Lee was President of the International Public Relations Association, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the San Francisco Public Relations Round Table, and a member of the Public Relations Society of America.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2003/10/25/MNLEEIVYJR14.DTL (395 words)

	Brown/Dunn & Harbison/Garrard
		Ivy Zelma LEE was born on 22 Jul 1906 in Joplin, Missouri.
		Laura LEE was born on 16 Jul 1873 in Magnolia Springs, Jasper County, Texas.
		Winnie LEE was born on 16 Feb 1911 in Polkville, Smith County, Mississippi.
	www.hal-pc.org /~wibr/d110.htm (648 words)

	[CTRL] [2] Ivy Ledbetter Lee Papers
		Lee was always willing to offer public relations counsel to his alma mater, Princeton University (1919-1926) but in addition to Princeton the firm also did public relations work for Harvard University, Brown University, and the University of Virginia.
		Lee was well known for his public relations work for the Interborough Rapid Transit Authority (1916-1932) or more popularly known as the IRT, part of the New York City subway system.
		Included are news articles written by Lee while he was a journalist, his obituaries, and a scrapbook of memorabilia from Ivy Lee's work with the American Red Cross.
	www.mail-archive.com /ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg08929.html (3287 words)

	Attorney Profile-R. Lee Ivy
		A native of Oklahoma, Lee served in a variety of capacities with the Oklahoma Legislature, including as a parliamentarian for the State Senate.
		Lee holds a bachelor's degree in political science, Phi Beta Kappa, from the University of Oklahoma (1974), and a J.D. degree from Oklahoma City University (1989) where he was the editor-in-chief of the Law Review.
		Lee has served on the boards of directors of a wide variety of charitable organizations, and was re-appointed by the Maine Supreme Judicial Court to be a member of the Maine Advisory Committee on Probate Procedures.
	www.jbgh.com /Pages/Attorneys/LeeIvy.html (197 words)

	The Harvard Crimson :: Sports :: Yale Season in Review
		Lee's favorite target during the game was senior receiver Eric Johnson, who recorded 10 receptions for 82 yards and a touchdown.
		Lee provided the scoring for Yale, passing for three touchdowns and rushing for another in a span of 20 minutes, while amassing 197 yards through the air.
		Lee passed for 164 yards and four touchdowns, while Johnson caught seven passes for 95 yards and three touchdowns.
	www.thecrimson.com /article.aspx?ref=102391 (1364 words)

	MTA Newsroom \| Early Days of the Subway
		In 1903, Lee entered public relations and opened Parker and Lee, a pioneering PR company that represented such major industrial clients as the Chrysler Corporation, Western Union Telegraph Company, and the Columbia Broadcasting System.
		Under Ivy Lee's direction, the IRT took an innovative approach — communicating directly with its passengers through pamphlets, brochures, and posters "to establish a close understanding of its work and policies." The most famous and influential products of Lee’s campaign were two concurrently appearing poster series, The Subway Sun and The Elevated Express.
		Ivy Lee’s work with the IRT ended after the company went into receivership in 1932.
	www.mta.nyc.ny.us /mta/news/newsroom/ivylee.htm (826 words)

	Ewen, PR: Corporate Spin & Propaganda
		Ivy Lee was a journalist who came from a conservative Southern background and was very religiously attached to private wealth, and so from around 1904-1905 on he moved from being a journalist to telling the story of business.
		After the Ludlow massacre, there is a groundswell of outrage against the massacre, against the way in which the National Guard had worked essentially as private Pinkertons for the Rockefeller family, and at the brutality of the killing of unarmed miners and their families.
		Ivy Lee’s reputation throughout much of his life was that of a paid liar.
	subsol.c3.hu /subsol_2/contributors3/ewentext.html (5252 words)

	Ivy Lee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		While attending Princeton University, Ivy Lee participated in the school newspaper.
		With a longtime interest in Russia, Lee decided to use his skills to campaign for the Soviet Union.
		Lee started a revolution to inform the public on private interests by providing facts so the public could better understand the policies and routines of American corporations.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/fall01\Jones/lee.html (374 words)

	Public Relations Major
		Ivy Ledbetter Lee was a former Wall Street reporter who plunged into publicity work in 1903.
		Lee firmly believed that the only way business could answer its critics convincingly was to present its side honestly, accurately and forcefully.
		In the late 1920s, Lee was asked to serve as advisor to the parent company of the German Dye Trust, which, as it turned out, was an agent for the policies of Adolf Hitler.
	people.smu.edu /ohawkins/PR.htm (778 words)

	Lee Named Ivy League Wrestler Of The Year :: Manotti earns Ivy Rookie of the Year; eight Big Red grapplers earn All-Ivy ...
		Sophomore Travis Lee (Honolulu, Hawaii) was named Wrestler of the Year, while freshman Dustin Manotti (Mifflinburg, Pa.) garnered Rookie of the Year honors.
		Lee swept through the NCAA championships at 125-pounds, going 5-0 and ending the season with a perfect 34-0 mark to win his first national championship.
		Lee, who earned All-America status as a freshman, is just the seventh national champion for Cornell in wrestling and the second since 1960.
	cornellbigred.collegesports.com /sports/m-wrestl/spec-rel/032703aaa.html (501 words)

	Ivy Lee State Historical Marker
		Ivy Ledbetter Lee, public relations expert, author, lecturer, and philanthropist, was born July 16, 1877, near Cedartown.
		Among Lee's other clients were the Pennsylvania Railroad and Bethlehem Street, as well as numerous charities and churches to which he donated his services.
		The founder of the profession of Public Relations, Ivy Lee, a Georgia gentleman who described himself as a "physician to corporate bodies," believed that corporations should not conceal the truth from the press and that business leaders should not shun publicity.
	www.cviog.uga.edu /Projects/gainfo/gahistmarkers/ivyleehistmarker.htm (225 words)

	Ivy Cottage : Lee Hardy
		Lee Hardy is one of the Pastors at Ivy Cottage.
		Lee has a general pastoral ministry within the church at large.
		When not working Lee is mainly involved in family life but also enjoys reading, walking, theatre, following Manchester City and eating out.
	www.ivycottage.org /Publisher/Article.aspx?ID=5485 (113 words)

	Poison Ivy On Display - Center for Media and Democracy
		The seminal PR work of Ivy Lee, sometimes called "the real father of modern PR," is currently on display in the Transit Museum in Grand Central Station in New York City.
		Lee gain notoriety when he was hired by John D. Rockefeller, Jr.
		In the early 1930s, Lee was a consultant to a German company linked to Hitler, which, in part, led to the passage of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938.
	www.prwatch.org /node/2848 (253 words)

	Descendants of Samuel Gorby - b.ca 1700: Seventh Generation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Ivy was the daughter of George Washington McLain and Emma Aslee Yarbro.
		Ivy died June 11, 1962 in CA., at 69 years of age.
		Marjorie Lee Rowland was born November 4, 1918.
	members.nuvox.net /~zt.thegorb/usgorby/i0001694.htm (199 words)

	Boyhood's End, Part One
		Continuity: When Lee and Ivy are arguing, Ivy tries to get to the Alexander statue, it's standing upright, but Lee puts his foot on it.
		Lee Jordan: All you have to do is help me find her.
		Ivy: We were hot on Carmen's trail, he wanted in on our case and needed you out!
	www.geocities.com /kittylover_2000/boyhood1.html (822 words)

	Explanatory phase of public relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		One of the best examples of Lee's commitment to open communication and of how effective it could be occurred in 1906 when, within a matter of weeks, there were major accidents on the Pennsylvania Railroad and on the New York Central Railroad.
		Executives of the Pennsylvania Railroad, who had recently hired Ivy Lee, started to follow suit regarding their accident, but Lee convinced them to try things his way.
		Unfortunately, neither all railroads nor all public relations people were as skilled as Ivy Lee or as committed to his high-minded principles.
	www.nku.edu /~turney/prclass/readings/3eras2.html (1727 words)

	The Nation, 11/09/1927 - Ivy Lee on Russia by Fischer, Louis
		...Lee himself does not imagine he understands Trotzky's position on foreign capital, or Stalin's views on the permanent revolution, or Lenin's fundamental philosophy...
		...Ivy Lee's explanation of the Opposition is as incorrect as it is naive...
		...Ivy Lee on Russia USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), A World Eniffma...
	www.nationarchive.com /Summaries/v125i3253_19.htm (774 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ivy Lee
		Edward Bernays (November 22, 1891 - March 9, 1995) is regarded by many as the father of public relations, although some people believe that title properly belongs to some other early PR practitioner, such as Ivy Lee.
		The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity.
		Founded in 1904 by Ivy Lee and George F. Parker in New York City, Parker and Lee was at one time the third largest public relations firm in the United States.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ivy-Lee (613 words)

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