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Topic: Izhorians

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	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The Izhorians had moved from their original habitat on the River Neva to the west by the 17th century at the latest (partly as a result of the pressure of Russian settlers).
		On the basis of habitation, the Izhorian language is divided into 4 dialects: the Lower-Luga and Soikkola dialects which are spoken in the western part of Ingria, the Kheva dialect on the Izhorian Plateau, and the Oredezh or the Upper-Luga dialect which was spoken near the River Oredezh.
		In the coastal villages the Izhorians took to carpentery in between fishing seasons, the Izhorians of Toldoga and Kargal were known as smiths and iron founders, and the East Izhorian villages were known for their weaving.
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/izhorians.shtml (2185 words)

	BEYOND THE POINT OF NO RETURN
		In 1989, eight hundred and twenty Izhorians could still be found in the western part of the Leningrad Province, between the Narva and Neva rivers; 302 of them still used their mother tongue.
		There was a steady increase in the number of Izhorians (21,700 in 1897; 26,137 in 1926) until the mass repressions of the 1930s and after World War II, which annihilated most of them.
		The Izhorians who had been evacuated to Finland and returned in 1945 were scattered in the provinces of Central Russia, while Ingria was settled with Russian newcomers.
	www.suri.ee /eup/beyond.html (1325 words)

	Izhorian: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Izhorians (Inkeroine, Ioralaine) can still be found in the western part of Ingria, between the Narva[?] and Neva rivers.
		In 1989, 820 self-designated Izhorians, thereof 302 speakers of their Finnic language, were registred.
		The language, close to Karelian, is used primarily by members of the older generation.
	www.encyclopedian.com /iz/Izhorian.html (76 words)

	Izhorians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1989, 820 self-designated Izhorians, thereof 302 speakers of their Finnic language, (known as Izhorian) were registered.
		According to the 2002 census, there were 327 Izhorians in Russia.
		The Izhorians and the Votes are generally Orthodox, while the other Finnic inhabitants of Ingria, the Ingrian Finns, are Lutheran.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Izhorian (134 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		Izhorian and Karelian are the closest kindred languages to the Eastern Finnish dialects.
		By the middle of the 19th century the Votes and the Izhorians had already firmly shifted into the cultural sphere of the Russians, however, this was not the case with the Ingrians.
		The oppression of the Russian language and milieu was neutralized by Lutheranism and the proximity of their mother country, Finland (as a grand duchy under the dominion of Russia from 1809--1917).
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/ingrians.shtml (1813 words)

	Wikipedia: Ingria
		In 1710 Ingria was designated as the Province of Saint Petersburg (in 1927 the Leningrad Province, but in 1991 Leningrad changed name again back to Saint Petersburg, despite region is still called Leningradkaja oblast').
		The Votes, along with the Izhorians (Ingrians proper), are the indigenous people of historical Ingria (Inkeri in Finnish).
		The term Ingrian is mainly used for the Izhorians, but sometimes confusingly also for Ingrian Finns.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/i/in/ingria.html (265 words)

	Izhorian: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Izhorian language is sometimes distinguished as a native language of the Orthodox population with respect to Ingrian (Ingrian: A member of western Finnish people formerly living in the Baltic province where Saint Petersburg was built), a language originally spoken by the Lutheran immigrants from Finland.
		In 1989, 820 self-designated Izhorians, thereof 302 speakers of their Finnic language (Finnic language: the finno-ugric languages form a subfamily of the uralic languages....
		The language, close to Karelian (Karelian: A member of the Finnish people living in Karelia in northwestern European Russia), is used primarily by members of the older generation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/izhorian (177 words)

	ON THE ERZA-MORDVINIAN BIRTH CUSTOMS
		During 1984-1989 I interviewed women in the Estonian villages at the coast of the Black Sea in the Caucasus, in Estonia, Ingria and Mordvinia on the topic of birth traditions.
		Placenta placed in a birch-bark shoe was buried under the floor also by the Russians (Fedianovich 1979: 81; Beliaieva 1982: 56; Zelenin 1927: 293), whereas the Izhorians and the Setu buried it under the floor wrapped in a clean piece of cloth (Mikkor 1999a: 984; Väisänen 1924: 202).
		The Izhorians of the Soikkola Peninsula kept the child in a covered and dark cradle for six weeks as late as in 1940s, either for keeping the child more calm or protecting it from the evil eye.
	www.folklore.ee /folklore/vol13/birth.htm (6078 words)


		Earlier the Izhorians occupied a territory east of the Votians.
		The Izhorian influences are particularly strong in the villages of Vaipoole.
		Nowadays vowel harmony is consistent in the Finnish, Karelian, Izhorian and Votic language, and South Estonian dialects, inconsistent in the Vepsic language.
	www.helsinki.fi /hum/sugl/proj/recfin/heinsoo.html (5359 words)

	LCMS World Mission in Russia - A History of Ingrian Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ingria is located on a fairly large territory between the River Narva and the NW coast of Lake Ladoga (in present-day Leningradskaya Oblast in the Russian Federation).
		Due to length of their residence there, Ingrian Finns are considered one of the native nations in this region as well as Russians, Izhorians, ans Votians.
		Ethnically and linguistically, Izhorians and Votians belong to the Finno-Ugric group of the Uralic family as do Finns, but are distinct from Finns.
	lcmsrussia.org /Projects/moscow/elcihist.htm (704 words)

	III World Congress of Finno-Ugric Peoples
		There are peoples with which no question about their significance and national self-esteem can even arise and there are peoples which must prove both to themselves and other peoples that they are worthy of attention.
		There is a good Izhorian saying: "The crow must flap the wings to fly up on fence".
		Izhorians are now also known to other nations (thousands of persons come to us both from villages and towns of Leningrad region and from Finland, Sweden, England, Holland and American Indians from the Appalachian Mountains have visited us for two years - they founded among the Izhorians their brothers of nous!).
	www.suri.ee /kongress/kolmas/en/print/konykovap.html (721 words)

	GeoNative - Ingria
		The name Ingrian is mainly given to the Izhorians, but sometimes also to Ingrian Finns, so it is bound to confusion.
		The Izhorians (self-designations: Inkeroine, IzNarva and Neva rivers.
		It is the Soviet regime that has to be credited with the destruction and annihilation of the Izhorians as a nation.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/ingria.html (882 words)

	Estonian Institute www.einst.ee
		At present they live in small areas extending from the Scandinavian peninsula to the Taimyr peninsula in Siberia and as far south as the Carpathian Basin (the Hungarians).
		For political reasons they were not allowed to live in their homeland in north-western Russia and chose to settle nearby, in Estonia.
		As a result of this policy, 18% of all the Ingrian Finns in the Soviet Union were living in Estonia in 1959 (as were 34% of the Izhorians) — altogether about 17 000 persons, which formed a relatively large minority group.
	www.einst.ee /factsheets/factsheets_uus_kuju/finno_ugric_peoples_as_ethnic_minorities.htm (1463 words)

	Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
		The Uralic languages are spoken in northern, eastern and central Europe and in Siberia.
		The Izhorians (about 800 people) live in Ingria (Ingermanland), which stretches westward from St. Petersburg as far as the Estonian border and northwards as far as the Karelian Isthmus between Lake Ladoga and the Gulf of Finland.
		Strong assimilation first with the Izhorians and later with the Russians has led to the present situation in which the Votian language is on the brink of extinction.
	assembly.coe.int /Main.asp?link=http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc98/EDOC8126.htm (6020 words)

	Autochthons
		Of course, one must bear in mind, that in the Finnish language itself the word Inkeri means Ingria and, therefore, such difference cannot be made in Finnish (for this the words inkeroinen and inkerikko vs. inkeriläinen are used, cf.
		The Inkeris dwell in the Western part of the Sct.-Petersburg region, in the area between the Rivers Neva and Narva.
		On the basis of habitation, the Inkerian language is divided into 4 dialects: the Lower-Luga and Soikkola dialects which are spoken in the western part of Ingria, the Kheva dialect on the Izhorian Plateau, and the Oredezh or the Upper-Luga dialect which was spoken near the River Oredezh.
	www.geocities.com /s_petropol/Autochthons.html (7048 words)

	Commonplace Ballet
		In 1969, I went on an expedition with students from Tartu University and discovered for myself the Livonians, a small group of people whose language is similar to Estonian.
		I was fortunate to hear the songs of the Votians and Izhorians performed live, which gave me a deep emotional charge.
		Hundreds of thousands of people were driven from their homes and scattered over the plains of Russia and Siberia, and the small groups who managed to remain are dying out.
	www.balletmet.org /Notes/COMMON.html (2239 words)

	Estonian National Museum
		The overwhelming majority of Estonian objects found in the collections date back to the 18th-20th centuries.
		In addition to Estonian objects this collection also comprises the ones collected from the Coastal Swedes, Ingrian Finns, Izhorians and Votians (Estonian-Ingrian).
		The older part mainly includes the objects related to the Estonians’ occupations, as well as commodities and folk art treasures.
	www.erm.ee /?lang=ENG&node=289&parent=3 (216 words)

	ipedia.com: Ethnic Finn Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As a legacy of the important Fennoman Movement, Karelians are thought of as the "purest source" for Finnishness, particularly East Karelians — but religiously they (East Karelians) are Russian Orthodox while the Finns in Finland and Scandinavia are of Lutheran faith.
		Also the Ingrian Finns are Lutherans, which may have contributed to their survival as an ethnos of their own despite harsh treatment in Stalinist and post-Stalinist Soviet Union, contrary to that of the Finnic Izhorians of Ingria.
		Many of the Ingrian Finns descend from 17th century settlers arriving in Ingria from Savonia and Finnish Karelia, which may speak for including them among the ethnic Finns.
	www.ipedia.com /ethnic_finn.html (417 words)

	HUNMAGYAR.ORG - TURAN - URALIC PEOPLES
		In 1989, eight hundred and twenty Izhorians could still be found in the western part of St Petersburg Province, between theNarva and Neva rivers; 302 of them still used their mothertongue.
		The Izhorians,together with the Votes, form the historical aboriginal people of Ingria.
		There was a steady increase in the number of Izhorians (21,700 in 1897; 26,137 in1926) until the mass repressions of the 1930s and after World WarII, which annihilated most of them.
	www.hunmagyar.org /turan/finnu/ural.html (2178 words)

	Finland: Uralic and Finno-Ugric People
		This required additional manpower, from all over the Soviet Union, mainly Russians and other Slavs, to replace the tens of thousands of Estonians who were deported to Siberia.
		There were few Finno-Ugrians among the newcomers, except for Ingrian-Finns and Izhorians.
		As a result of this policy, 18% of all the Ingrian-Finns in the Soviet Union were living in Estonia in 1959 (as were 34% of the Izhorians) - altogether about 17000 persons, which formed a relatively large minority group.
	peacecountry0.tripod.com /fincoop.htm (2745 words)

	What are your favourite Finnish tribes? - Page 4 - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ingrians were mix of Finnish settlers who moved to southern coastal areas of Finnland Bay and to area where St.Petersburg now is. Finnish settlers moved there after Sweden conquered area from Russia.
		As far as I know, there's 2 kind of Ingrians; Ingrian Finns and Ingrians who are also called as izhorians (inkeroiset).
		Ingrians (Izhorians) are mentioned in the Red book of peoples aswell.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?p=1609814 (793 words)

	MOFA : Estonia
		Roughly 15 million Hungarian, 5 million Finnish and one million Estonian speakers are the only Finno-Ugrians who have their own independent states (many live outside their countries of origin).
		There are four Uralic peoples — Livonians, Votes (Vadjalain), Izhorians and Enets (Yenisey Samoyeds) — of whom we can no longer speak of the danger of assimilation.
		They have been assimilated into prevailing cultures and languages to the extent that as distinct nations they no longer exist.
	www.vm.ee /estonia/kat_399/pea_133/4760.html (1160 words)

	Metroactive Music \| Ariose Singers
		John Bennet's "All creatures now," a pastoral paean to Oriana (Queen Elizabeth I) and Hans Leo Hassler's "Tanzen und springen," set to a galliard rhythm, both come from the early 17th century.
		The living Estonian composer Veljo Tormis is represented by "dance songs" from his Ingrian Evenings, haunting folk songs of the Izhorians of Ingria--sometimes known as Karelia--set to lively rhythms (and sung mostly in English because the singers were sweating bullets over the Votian dialect).
		The 17 Ariose Singers have developed an enthusiastic following, not least for their adventurous programming.
	www.metroactive.com /papers/cruz/05.11.05/ariose-0519.html (553 words)

	Soome-Ugri Maailmakongress
		Cultural Programme of the 4th WORLD CONGRESS OF FINNO-UGRIC PEOPLES 'YOUTH IS OUR FUTURE!'
		Estonian folk musicians l Guest musicians: Izhorians, Karelians, Khanties, Nenetses, Maris, Udmurts and Hungarians
		The fair of handicraft and works from the Sagadi symposium on wooden sculpture
	kongress.ugri.info /eng/cat-275/cat-389 (198 words)

	Votes - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1989 there were still 62 known Votes left, the youngest of whom was born in 1930.
		Along with the Izhorians, they are generally Orthodox, while the other Finnic inhabitants of Ingria, the Ingrian Finns, are Lutheran.
		The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire - The Votes
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Votians (191 words)

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