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	Izmit
		City in northwestern Turkey with 290,000 inhabitants (2004 estimate), situated at the head of Izmit Gulf, part of the Sea of Marmara.
		Izmit is a heavily industrialized city, thanks to its strategic position between Istanbul and Ankara.
		Izmit covers a number of hills near the sea, which ends in a narrow plain where the commercial and industrial activities are located.
	i-cias.com /e.o/izmit.htm (241 words)

	Izmit Earthquake
		Izmit earthquake was the most devastating natural hazard in the history of modern day Turkey.
		According to investigations done by USGS and Kandilli Observatory, the length of the fault zone exceeds 860 km, from Yalova on the west side to Sapanca on the east.
		A significant property of the Izmit earthquake is the notion of seismic gap, regions on the fault line where no significant earthquakes have occurred in the recent past.
	www.ce.jhu.edu /eozkan/EQ.htm (784 words)

	TURKEY - Tsunami Generation of the Kocaeli Earthquake of August 17, 1999 in Izmit Bay
		The water passage between the western and central basins (2.7 km wide with an average depth of 55 m) is separated by the restriction produced by the growth of the Hersek Delta.
		The tectonic basins in the Izmit Bay were created by the EW compressional and NS tensional forces resulted as a response to the kinematical block displacements at active zones (Barka and Kadinsky-Cade 1988; Kurtuluþ, 1990; Barka, 1992).
		Along the northern coasts of Izmit Bay, at Dilovasð, Körfez, Derince and Izmit, (localities 4, 10, 12, 14 in Figure 1), the captains had experienced the motion of the wave.
	www.drgeorgepc.com /TsunamiTurkey.html (3350 words)

	Water Technology - Izmit Domestic and Industrial Water Supply Project
		Izmit's water supply in northern Turkey is the world's largest privately financed water supply project and the country's first water Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) contract.
		Izmit Municipality's Water and Sewerage Authority (ISU) is responsible for the local distribution of water.
		The project was financed by loans from Izmit Su AS, which was the joint venture between Izmit Municipality, UK-based Thames Water, Turkish contractors Gama Endustri and Guris Insaat, and Mitsui and Sumitomo of Japan.
	www.water-technology.net /projects/izmit (947 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: In Izmit, 'It Was Like Judgment Day'
		Scores of men, many using their bare hands, desperately clawed at the mountain of rubble from a five-story apartment building where Zekiye, 17, was trapped.
		The number of deaths in Izmit was estimated to be in the hundreds, with thousands of people injured, doctors said.
		Powerful aftershocks continued to shake Izmit, an city of 500,000 on the eastern shore of the Sea of Marmara, 55 miles southeast of Istanbul, throughout the day.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/daily/aug99/izmit18.htm (692 words)

	Izmit, Turkey, Pictures
		Izmit is located at the head of the Gulf of Izmit, at the eastern end of the Sea of Marmara.
		After the destruction of the Megarian colony of Astacus, the city of Nicomedia was rebuilt in 264 BC by Nicomedes I of Bithynia and served as capital of the kingdom.
		Later the residence of Roman Emperor Diocletian, the city was captured by the Seljuk Turks in the 11th century and by the Ottoman Turks in the mid-14th century.
	www.greatestcities.com /Middle_East/Turkey/Izmit_Kocaeli_formerly_Nicomedia_city.htm (244 words)

	Izmit
		City in northwestern Turkey with 290,000 inhabitants (2004 estimate), situated at the head of Izmit Gulf, part of the Sea of Marmara.
		Izmit is a heavily industrialized city, thanks to its strategic position between Istanbul and Ankara.
		Izmit covers a number of hills near the sea, which ends in a narrow plain where the commercial and industrial activities are located.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/izmit.htm (252 words)

	Turkey, Izmit Earthquake
		One of the purposes of this new study was to assess the possibility of using an Ottoman period canal berm as a piercing point for offset caused by the A.D. 1754 earthquake.
		The ITU group mapped between Izmit and Lake Sapanca, whereas the SCEC/USGS group focussed on the area from Lake Sapanca eastward to the eastern terminus of the rupture near Golyaka, with the SCEC group paying particular attention to the fault segment east of Akyazi.
		The logistics of the mapping effort proved daunting as torrential rain, a lack of aerial photography and outdated maps (replete with the names of towns that were changed decades ago) slowed the effort to map the rupture.
	www.scec.org /earthquakes/turkey.html (1130 words)

	Izmit - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		- city in northwestern Turkey, on the Gulf of Izmit.
		City in northwestern Turkey with 290,000 inhabitants (2004 estimate), situated at the head of Izmit...
		Port and capital of Kocaeli province in northwest Turkey, on the Gulf of Izmit, an inlet of the Sea...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Izmit.html (136 words)

	Izmit Photo Gallery by Dick Osseman at pbase.com
		Izmit is part of the larger (1,2 million inhabitants, I was told) city Kocaeli, which consists of five towns.
		Izmit in Roman Empire days was called Nicomedia and was the capital of (whole of) Roman Empire for some time (for example under Emperor Diolectian) before Istanbul was rebuilt as the capital of East Roman Empire by Emperor Constantine.
		I do not want to put Izmit down, but I suggest you see some other cities also, you may find them to be better than this city.
	www.pbase.com /dosseman/izmit (969 words)

	The 17 August Izmit earthquake
		Turkey is bounded on the east by the East Anatolian Fault zone, on the north by the North Anatolian Fault zone, on the west by a diffuse zone surrounding the Agean region, and on the south by Cyprus arcs.
		Izmit is placed on the north of north Amatolian fault and contains basins and rivers.
		On September 5th, we went to Izmit and Adapazari and observed some surface signs of the fault as well as damage in and around the vicnity of these areas.
	www.sdr.co.jp /damege_tr/eq_damege_main_e.html (517 words)

	Izmit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Izmit (also known as Ismid and Kocaeli) is a city in the northwestern of Anatolia Turkey.
		Izmit (Kocaeli), Turkey, Earthquake of August 17, 1999 Including Duzce Earthquake of November 12, 1999: Lifeline Performance
		Izmit Körfezi'nin kuvaterner istifi =: Quaternary sequence in the Gulf of Izmit
	www.freeglossary.com /Ismid (230 words)

	ScienceDaily: 1999 Izmit, Turkey Earthquake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Izmit earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 which lasted for 45 seconds killed over 17,000 in northwestern Turkey on 17 August 1999.
		Turkey is set on a minor tectonic plate which is being squeezed westwards as the Arabian and the Eurasian plates...
		1999 Izmit, Turkey Earthquake -- The Izmit earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 which lasted for 45 seconds killed over 17,000 in northwestern Turkey on 17 August...
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/1999_Izmit,_Turkey_Earthquake (1459 words)

	Heightened odds of large earthquakes near Istanbul: An interaction-based probability calculation
		The M=7.4 Izmit earthquake, as well as most background seismicity (7), occurred where the failure stress is calculated to have increased 1-2 bars (0.1-0.2 MPa) by M³6.5 earthquakes since 1939 (Fig.
		The Izmit event, in turn, increased the stress beyond the east end of the rupture by 1-2 bars, where the M=7.2 Düzce earthquake struck, and by 0.5-5.0 bars beyond the west end of the 17 August rupture, where a cluster of aftershocks occurred (Fig 1B).
		Because the 1999 Izmit shock is calculated to have similarly increased stress on faults beneath the Marmara Sea, the interaction-based probability we advocate climbs still higher, to 62±15%.
	atlas.cc.itu.edu.tr /~barka/pubs/ist_haz/istanbul.html (2834 words)

	Izmit News
		In Turkey in 1999, a 7.4 earthquake in Izmit, south-east of Istanbul, was caused by the stresses of previous temblors on the Anatolian fault.
		Following the 1999 earthquake, which affected in particular the Gulf of Izmit, scientists believe that the Marmara sea is a seismic gap that in the future...
		A quake of magnitude 7.4 struck Izmit on Aug. 17...
	news.daylightonline.com /2005-03/Izmit.html (1708 words)

	Izmit - Current News & Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		When Galatasaray played Bursaspor in the Turkish Cup in Izmit on Saturday, it had been expected that coach Gheorghe Hagi would receive a hostile reception from...
		During the years 1911-1913, 39 percent of Van's population, 33 percent of Bitlis' population, 30 percent of Izmit's population and 24 percent Bursa's population...
		Izmit news from Sept 2004 to Dec 2004
	news.daylightonline.com /2005-02/Izmit.html (304 words)

	1999 Izmit, Turkey Earthquake - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A sample of 910 earthquake survivors living in a tent city showed that 25% of them met the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD.
		An oil refinery leaked into the water supply and Izmit Bay and subsequently caught fire.
		Because of the leak and fire, the already highly polluted bay saw a 2 to 3-fold increase in Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels compared to 1984 samples.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1999_Izmit,_Turkey_Earthquake (448 words)

	Turkey - Underwater Signatures of the Kocaeli Earthquake of August 17, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The tectonic basins in the Izmit Bay were created by the E-W compressional and N-S tensional forces which resulted as a response to the kinematical block displacements at active zones (Barka and Kadinsky-Cade 1988; Kurtulus, 1990; Barka, 1992; Wong, 1995).
		It is well-known that the subaqueous sedimentary units in Izmit Bay are charged with gas and that the Holocene, post-trangressional, marine deposits, act as a cap layer over the gas-charged sediments.
		Seymen, I. Geology of the Izmit Gulf Region (NW Turkey), Quaternary Sequence in the Gulf of Izmit, Engin Meric (ed.), pp.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Station/8361/Quake99Turkey.html (3929 words)

	"Determining the deformations of 17 August 1999 Izmit and 12 November Duzce earthquakes"
		Calculations made for the segment which 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake had occured showed that in the east Marmara region (around Yalova and Cinarcik basins) and around Duzce plain stress increases over 2 bars ; that is more than the amount of accepted triggering limit.
		This result can be interpreted as the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake triggered the 12 November 1999 Duzce earthquake.
		On the other hand, the stress increase in the west end of Izmit segment has increased the earthquake risk on the North Anatolian Fault which continues under Marmara Sea.
	www.earth.ox.ac.uk /~emree/izmit (684 words)

	The 17 August 1999 Izmit Earthquake
		The nearest major city affected by the earthquake was Izmit at the eastern end of the Marmara Sea, but the earthquake also caused considerable damage in Istanbul, about 70 km away from the earthquake's epicenter [HN5].
		The earthquake's magnitude was initially estimated as 6.7 by the Kandilli observatory [HN6], which operates a seismic network in the region.
		The earthquake was almost pure right-lateral strike-slip, that is, the slip on the fault was parallel to Earth's surface, and the fault plane was almost vertical [HN9] (see the figure).
	quake.wr.usgs.gov /research/deformation/modeling/papers/barka/17Agust1999/17Agust1999.html (2117 words)

	Izmit, Kocaeli Public Relations Firms - Publicity Firm
		Here are the most recent Izmit, Kocaeli pr firm vendors that have requested a listing on Marketingtool.com.
		Click here to learn more about why a Marketingtool.com Izmit publicity firm featured listing is one of the best methods of advertising your business.
		This pr firm services: Izmit, Kocaeli from a local, regional or national office.
	www.marketingtool.com /channel/pr/b.461.g.18442.html (230 words)

	ORFEUS Newsletter - March 2000 - vol. 2 - no. 1 - page 3
		In this note, I report about the source parameter determination of the Izmit eartquake as it was done at GFZ in the morning of August 17, 1999.
		For the Izmit earthquake and other events in the EMSC area the results of the inversion are published at a GFZ web page.
		The EMSC source mechanism of the August 17, 1999, Izmit eartquake (bottom), and comparison of observed with synthetic waveforms.
	orfeus.knmi.nl /newsletter/vol2no1/potsdam.html (1343 words)

	Term Paper on Turkey Earthquake, Izmit
		When looking in particular at the Izmit Earthquake in Turkey in 1999 and observing the causes, the material damage, the effects and the human costs, one may suggest that it is little wonder that such disasters have been recorded for centuries.
		When looking at Izmit earthquake in Turkey in 1999 it is clear to see that it was the most sudden, unpredictable and certainly terrifying event on earth!
		With the Izmit earthquake happening without any warning, one may suggest the damage was double.
	www.swiftpapers.com /essay/Turkey_Earthquake_Izmit-170499.html (187 words)

	Allstar Altinnal Hotel - Izmit, Turkey - Allstar Altinnal Hotel Rates and Reviews - SideStep
		Check out our interactive Izmit Travel Guides for suggestions on restaurants, attractions, nightlife, shopping and much more.
		Allstar Hotel Altinnal is situated at the heart of Izmit and Kocaeli, called European City.
		Izmit main line rail station is only 5 minutes walk away, as well as cinemas and internationally famous shopping centres.
	www.sidestep.com /hotels-rates-h94638-allstar_altinnal_hotel_izmit_turkey (416 words)

	Kocaeli - All About Turkey
		The city of Izmit is mainly an industrial center in Marmara region of Turkey with numerous industrial establishments surrounding the Gulf of Izmit.
		Kartepe is a winter sports resort that reaches a height of 1600 m, Kerpe and Kefken on the Black Sea coast have fine beaches, while Golcuk and Karamursel in the Gulf of Izmit are other beautiful sea resorts.
		At Arpalik near the Eskihisar village in the Gulf of Izmit, there is a yacht berth place with a capacity of 60-80 yachts.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /kocaeli.htm (297 words)

	UN expert assessment mission in connection with acute pollution of the Loa river, July 1997
		The Tupras Oil Refinery is situated on the outskirts of the town of Izmit, approximately 125 km South of Istanbul, in a flat area on the bank of the Izmit Bay, which forms a part of the Marmara Sea.
		In order to determine any effects of the releases of pollutants in Izmit, soil samples from some of agricultural areas should be taken for subsequent determination of the contamination levels by chemical analysis.
		Most of this pollution is likely to originate from the refinery in Izmit as a result of the earthquake and fire fighting operations.
	www.reliefweb.int /ocha_ol/programs/response/unep/turkey99.html (2855 words)

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