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	J. L. Austin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 – February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts.
		Austin warns us to take care when removing words from their ordinary usage, giving numerous examples of how this can lead one down a philosophical garden path.
		Austin points out that philosophers of language gave most of their attention to those sentences which state some fact, but that these form only a small part of the range of tasks that can be performed by saying something.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/J._L._Austin (800 words)

	John Langshaw Austin - Wikipedia
		Austin warf den Philosophen vor, sie hätten sich nur mit dem logischen Apekt von Äußerungen befasst und dabei übersehen, dass eine Äußerung immer zugleich eine Handlung darstellt.
		Austin nimmt sich auch Russels berühmtes Beispiel "Der gegenwärtige König von Frankreich ist kahlköpfig" vor.
		Austin widerlegt Russel indem er sagt, dieser versoße gegen die Vorbedingung oder Eingangsbedingung dieser Äußerung, indem er über etwas eine Aussage tätigt, das nicht existiert.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Langshaw_Austin (800 words)

	J. L. Austin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a (Click link for more info and facts about philosopher of language) philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of (The use of language to perform some act) speech acts.
		He occupies a place in the British philosophy of language alongside (British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951)) Wittgenstein in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate (The message that is intended or expressed or signified) meaning.
		Austin points out that philosophers of language gave most of their attention to those (A string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language) sentences which state some fact, but that these form only a small part of the range of tasks that can be performed by saying something.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/J/J/J._L._Austin.htm (868 words)

	20th WCP: Austin's Ditch: The Political Necessity and Impossibility of "Non-Serious" Speech
		Austin considers the speech acts of the poet and the actor to be "parasites" or "ordinary language," "non-serious," and would relegate such speech to a region beyond his consideration, to a "ditch" outside the border of meaning for the performative.
		Derrida turns Austin's notion of the void as a precinct of language or as a parasite on language into a necessary condition for all performative speech, a condition which Austin himself was to acknowledge later in his career as the "impurity" of all performative utterances.
		In Austin's terms, we are dealing with performative utterences such as "I sentence you to life imprisonment" and we desire in the use of such utterences that they be "purified" of contamination by the possibility of speaking subjects, either on the part of the law or the accused, who are raced or sexed.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Poli/PoliHers.htm (2901 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Austin's remarkable linguistic sensitivity and grammatical judgments afford us a number of distinctions that will serve us well in discussing Anscombe's own views on the role of sensation (or lack of it) in anger, as well as introduce greater precision into the discussion of how we are to conceptualize such subtle differences.
		Austin gives two further examples of pretending; one where someone in the next room is trying to get us to believe he is playing chess by loudly uttering chess like remarks and clacking pieces of wood together, and another where a child is making movements of his arms, pretending to be driving a race car.
		Austin raises the question in regards to the second as to why we would not say that the child is 'pretending to drive' rather than "pretending to be driving." He maintains that to do the latter would require a real car (PAS 273).
	www.hist-analytic.org /ANSCOMBEAUSTIN.htm (7339 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Austin, J. L.
		John Langshaw Austin, known both during and since his lifetime as J. Austin, was the leading figure in the generation of young philosophers at Oxford immediately after the Second World War, and a prominent proponent of “ordinary language philosophy”.
		Austin’s theory of speech acts was under constant revision, and changed even in the course of the William James lectures.
		Austin’s realisation that the form or literal meaning of an utterance is crucially different from the force or intention with which it is produced was quickly taken up in the emerging discipline of pragmatics, the branch of linguistics concerned with meaning in use.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=189 (2475 words)

	J. L. Austin Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the theory of speech acts.
		He was born in Lancaster and educated at the University of Oxford.
		Austin occupies a place in the philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein, in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/j/j_/j__l__austin.html (770 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: How to Do Things With Words (William James Lectures) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Austin's argument concerning the characteristics of a performative utterance are informed by a specific assumption concerning the origin and evolution of language: to wit, that language in its primitive stage was simply a collection of one-word utterances that are inherently ambiguous in terms of their individual senses.
		It appears then that Austin's fundamental supposition is tautological: the addressee deduces/approximates the speaker's degree of sincerity through the amount of sincerity the speaker conveys in her utterance, which in turn reflects ipso facto the speaker's sincerity (as a subjective condition).
		In other words, Austin's claims cannot adequately accommodate instances of insincerity that, while perhaps unanticipated, are not exactly inappropriate-such as ironical observations on an immediate situation-because such self-abrogation of the speaker's sincerity renders the utterance "infelicitous" almost to the point of being diabolically caustic with regard to the addressee's apprehension.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0674411528?v=glance (1858 words)

	J. L. Austin - Wikipedia, den fria encyklopedin
		Austin gick bortom den vanliga uppdelningen av yttranden som deskriptiva eller evalutiva.
		Austin är berömd för sina analyser av vardagspråkets detaljer och den teori för talakter han utvecklade, men han var också med att introducerade den då ganska okända Gottlob Frege för en engelskspråkig publik genom en översättning av Freges Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik 1950.
		Hans insatser för den filosofiska riktning som kommit att kallas vardagsspråksfilosofi omfattar inte bara genom talaktsteori utan även mycket annat och han kan tillsammans med Wittgenstein och Ryle ses som riktningens tidiga ledaregestalter.
	sv.wikipedia.org /wiki/J._L._Austin (132 words)

	Austin
		Austin was born in Lancaster and educated at Oxford, where he became a professor of philosophy following several years of service in British intelligence during World War II.
		In "A Plea for Excuses" (1956), Austin explained and illustrated his method of approaching philosophical issues by first patiently analyzing the subtleties of ordinary language.
		(1961), the transcription of Austin's James lectures at Harvard, application of this method distinguishes between what we say, what we mean when we say it, and what we accomplish by saying it, or between speech acts involving locution, illocution (or "performative utterance"), and perlocution.
	www.philosophypages.com /ph/aust.htm (164 words)

	Law and Language
		Bentham and his disciple, John Austin, knew that there are rules of law that were not laid down in language.
		J.L. Austin once suggested that “a statement of ‘the law’” is a performative statement, rather than “a statement of fact” (Austin 1962, 4 n.2).
		Bentham and Austin would have had a ready response: that people ordinarily misuse the word ‘obligation’, by failing to give it a meaning that can be expounded by reference to sensible objects.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/law-language (11082 words)

	notes on: A Plea for Excuses by J.L.Austin
		This is a key point at which I disagree with Austin, not on whether his enterprise is worthwhile but, assuming that it is, on the validity of his methods and the truth of his conclusions.
		It is a point at which Austin infers from a lack of usage to incorrectness or inadmissability of usage.
		Austin's eagerness to declare expressions inadmissible makes language appear more arbitrary and capricious than it really is. It is doubtless particularly helpful in dismantling ill-advised attempts to clarify language (or something else, using language) by enunciating any kind of general principle.
	www.rbjones.com /rbjpub/philos/bibliog/austin57.htm (1414 words)

	PHL 860 - Fall 2002
		Austin (1911-1960) was an Oxford Philosopher contemporary with Wittgenstein.
		The many uses of Austin's terms and claims provide an interesting territory for tracking the productive fragmentation and drift of a writing, the paradox of repetition, and the academic politics of citation.
		All seminar participants are expected to read all assigned materials thoroughly and critically prior to the meeting at which they will be discussed, and to arrive with their 2-page precis of one or more of the arguments...
	www.msu.edu /course/phl/860/phl860/fall2002/frye_2/fall2002.htm (1409 words)

	The Conservative Philosopher J. L. Austin and Conservatism
		It is evident also in Austin's openness to departing from convention under certain circumstances (an openness conservatives generally exhibit, contrary to the usual caricature), and in the way those circumstances are understood.
		Austin's concerns are language and the concepts we bring to bear on the analysis of philosophical problems, and while what he says surely has implications for political philosophy, it is important to consider what sort of conservatism it might imply where epistemology and metaphysics are concerned.
		Quine in one way, and Austin in another, raise for us the issues of what sort of relationship tends to hold, and ought to hold, between a philosopher's political and moral commitments on the one hand and his metaphysical commitments on the other.
	www.conservativephilosopher.com /posts/1107845271.shtml (973 words)

	Ordinary Language Philosophy
		In the last analysis, Austin supposed, excuses are properly seen as setting limits to the ascription of moral responsibility, by stating explicitly how they differ from the more usual cases.
		Another target of Austin's discriminating analysis of ordinary language was the philosophical account of perception in terms of sense-data.
		Austin maintained that the traditional fuss over sensibilia turns out to be unnecessary once we notice that the argument from illusion fails to establish a genuine distinction between problematic and veracious instances of perceiving.
	www.philosophypages.com /hy/6u.htm (1259 words)

	[No title]
		A theory of language based on J. Austin's How to Do Things with Words (second edition, 1975), the major premise of which is that language is as much, if not more, a mode of action as it is a means of conveying information.
		In contrast to the assumptions of structuralism (a theory that privileges langue, the system, over parole, the speech act), speech act theory holds that the investigation of structure always presupposes something about meanings, language use, and extralinguistic functions.
		By describing an imminently dangerous situation (locutionary component) in a tone that is designed to have the force of a warning (illocutionary component), the addresser may actually frighten the addressee into moving (perlocutionary component).
	www.library.utoronto.ca /utel/glossary/Speech_act_theory.html (524 words)

	John Searle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aside from strict academics, Professor Searle was also the first tenured professor to join the Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley.
		Searle's early works built on the efforts of his teachers, J.
		Searle focused on what Austin had called illocutionary acts, acts performed in saying something.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Searle (1205 words)

	J. L. Austin: Análisis y verdad
		La calificación de John Austin a su propia investigación --"this way of doing philosophy"-- como "fenomenología lingüística", frente a otras denominaciones habituales como "lingüística", "lenguaje ordinario" o "analítica" recalca precisamente este carácter integrador de su quehacer filosófico.
		Austin indica que decir que un enunciado es verdadero "cuando corresponde a los hechos" no es una respuesta incorrecta en nuestro lenguaje ordinario, pero sí puede ser desorientadora por la diversidad de sentidos en que la correspondencia puede ser interpretada.
		Indica Austin que hacer un enunciado "es un evento histórico, es la emisión por parte de un determinado hablante o escritor de determinadas palabras (una oración) a una audiencia con referencia a una situación, evento, o lo que sea, históricos.
	www.unav.es /users/arts/Austin-Analisis.html (3399 words)

	International Catholic University 40.10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Austin 'discovered' or drew attention to what he called 'performative utterances' -- sentences in which we make a promise, give an order, issue a warning, offer advice, baptize a person, and so on.
		Austin rarely offered or defended theories of his own on the philosophical issues he treated.
		Nonetheless, in his essay on Austin in A Companion to Analytic Philosophy, John Searle (his best-known student) says that Austin had little use for Wittgenstein's philosophy, which he found hopelessly lacking in clarity and precision.
	home.comcast.net /~icuweb/c04010.htm (331 words)

	Notes: How to Do Things with Words
		Austin takes up the whole book exploring how certain uses of language seem to, by their very utterance, create an act—saying does something.
		Austin describes ways in which a performative can be "unhappy," such as the speaker not having the property capacity to perform the act (23).
		Austin shows that the performative of "I call you off-side" in a game can be restated as "You were off-side" said by the official (58).
	www.garretwilson.com /books/reviews/howtodothingswithwords.html (807 words)

	Encyclopedia: J. L. Austin
		John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the current theory of speech acts.
		A speech act is best described as in saying something, we do something, such as when a minister says, I now pronounce you husband and wife, or an action performed by means of language, such as describing something (), asking a question (Is it snowing?), making a request or order (Could...
		Click for other authoritative sources for this topic (summarised at Factbites.com).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/J.-L.-Austin (1321 words)

	Alibris: J. L. Austin
		by Austin, J. John L. Austin was one of the leading philosophers of the twentieth century.
		by Ross, Austin, and Williams, Stephen J., and Schafer, Eldon L. This text is written for the student of health services administration, and of related fields, seeking an in-depth and comprehensive introduction to the field.
		Austin, J. Smith, Philip L. Austin, Michael J. Austin, Michael J
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/J._L._Austin (487 words)

	John Austin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A 19th century legal and political theorist who wrote 'An Essay on Sovereignty', considered the standard for discussions about sovereignty; see John Austin (legal philosophy)
		A warrant officer in the United States Navy; see John Arnold Austin (1905 - 1941)
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/John_Austin (129 words)

	J. L. Austin. From Perception to Meaning and Back
		The Meaning of a Word contains Austin's negative theory of meaning, which ultimately turns into the methodological advice 'when looking for the meaning of a word, do not rest contended with one example of its use, but consider all the contexts, in which the word is used'.
		The final discovery of the book - that the theory of meaning as sense and reference is inadequate - has been ignored by its successors, which enabled the return of mentalism and compositionalism into the philosophy of language.
		Language, World and Thought: Austin in a Broader Perspective............84 5.1 The Descriptive Fallacy and the 'Greatest Revolution' in Philosophy.84 5.2 Austin's Correspondence View of Language............................85 5.3 Philosophy and the Sciences.........................................87 6.
	agora.metaphysica.skaut.org /austin.htm (395 words)

	New Page 1
		L., Gilbert, M., Thiebealt, M., Carr, J. E., and Bailey, J. (in press).
		E., Austin, J. L., Britton, L. N., Kellum, K. K., and Bailey, J. (in press).
		Carr, J. E., Hatfield, D. B., Austin, J. L., and Bailey, J. Interpreting functional analysis results using the real-time recording of independent and dependent variables.
	aba.grad.usf.edu /faculty/austin.html (119 words)

	Austin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Their initial focus will be in Austin, with plans to take this unique model statewide later this year.
		On 4 December 1935, Austin received a permanent warrant as a carpenter.
		John Austin (politician) John Austin (born 21 August 1944) is a British Member of Parliament for Erith and Thamesmead.
	bonose.com /Austin-0.html (648 words)

	Dissertations and Theses on John Austin
		DiGiovanna, Joseph J. "Linguistic Phenomenology: Philosophical Method in J.L. Austin." PhD Dissertation, University of Notre Dame, 1971.
		"Ayer, Austin, and the Argument from Illusion." PhD Dissertation, University of Iowa, 1972.
		"J.L. Austin's Reply to Empirical Foundationalism: Its Implications for the Meaningfulness of Religious Language." MA Thesis, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1980.
	sun3.lib.uci.edu /~scctr/philosophy/Austin/dissertations.html (625 words)

	J. L. AUSTIN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Forguson, L. "In Pursuit of Performatives." Philosophy 61.158 (1966): 341-34.
		Forguson, L. "Locutionary and Illocutionary Acts." Essays on J. Austin.
		This site will always be a work in progress as a result of which pages will be found at varying stages of completion.
	humanities.uwichill.edu.bb /RLWClarke/PhilWeb/contemporary/angloamerican/analytic/oxfordordinarylanguage/Austin/Austin.htm (158 words)

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