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Topic: Jacob Leisler

	VI. The Usurpation of Leisler. 1689-1691.. Roosevelt, Theodore. 1906. New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leisler and the burghers were on the whole right in feeling that they were warranted in overthrowing the old government.
		Leisler was doubtless in part actuated by honest distrust of his opponents, and belief that he himself could do most good to the city and especially to the common folk, and in part by the ambitions to which his success had given birth.
		They were tried for high treason, and Leisler and Milborne, the two ringleaders, were adjudged guilty and hanged; most of the respectable citizens, including the clergymen of every denomination, demanding their death as affording the only warrant for the future safety of the colony.
	aol.bartleby.com /171/6.html (3021 words)

	USMHWeb11
		Leisler formed a Committee of Public Safety on the 26th of June; the concept would be utilized nearly a hundred years later as a tool for communication of the Patriots in the American Revolutionary War.
		Jacob Leisler called together representatives from the various towns and counties throughout the colony of New York to participate in a provincial assembly.
		Leisler and Milborne were hung to death and then dismembered on 26 May, 1691 after being denied their legal right of appeal by the very monarchs they had so manifestly endorsed.
	www.motherbedford.com /USMHWeb11.htm (1140 words)

	Jacob Leisler
		Leisler had also endeared himself to the common people by befriending a family of French Huguenots that had been landed on Manhattan island so destitute that a public tribunal had decided they should be sold into slavery in order to pay their ship-charges.
		Leisler prevented the sale by purchasing the freedom of the widowed mother and son before it could be held.
		Among Leisler's claims to kindly remembrance is the fact that, in 1689, while exercising the functions of governor, he purchased the land that is now occupied by the village of New Rochelle, New York, as a place of refuge for the persecuted Huguenots.
	www.famousamericans.net /jacobleisler (1261 words)

	Jacob
		Jacob Amman Jacob Amman (Jakob Ammann) was born circa 1730.
		Jacob City, Florida Jacob City is a city located in 2000 census, the city had a total population of 281.
		Jacob of Kefar Jacob of Kefar Soma or Jacob of Kefar Sakanin, is a character described as a a disciple of Jews.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/jacob.html (1266 words)

	Leisler, Jacob on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The overthrow (1688) of the Roman Catholic James II and accession of William III and Mary II in England caused uprisings in the colonies, where many royal officials were suspected of being Roman Catholics, and fear of a Catholic French invasion prevailed.
		Leisler, a Protestant champion, in 1689 gained control of S New York with the aid of militia, proclaimed the new sovereigns, and was appointed commander in chief by his followers.
		Parliament, in 1695, on petition of the Leisler family, passed an act reversing the attainder and later voted an indemnity to his heirs.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/L/Leisler.asp (466 words)

	JACOB LEISLER
		Eine Bürgerwehr der plebejischen Partei wurde gebildet und Leisler zu deren Chef ernannt.
		Als Sloughter zwei Tage später in New York eintraf, beeilte sich Leisler das Fort und die Insignien der Macht an ihn zu übergeben.
		Leisler und sein Schwiegersohn Jacob Milbourne wurden des Hochverrats aufgrund ihres Ungehorsams gegen Major Richard Ingoldsby angeklagt, verurteilt und am 19.
	www.toonorama.com /encyclopedia/J/Jacob_Leisler (464 words)

	JACOB LEISLER - LoveToKnow Article on JACOB LEISLER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Lieutenant-Governor Francis Nicholson sailed for England on the 24th of June, a committee of safety was organized by the popular party, and Leisler was appointed commander-in-chief.
		Leisler refused to surrender it, and after some controversy an attack was made on the I7th of March in which two soldiers were killed and several wounded.
		He and his son-in-law, Jacob Milborne, were charged with treason for refusing to submit to Ingoldsby, were convicted, and on the 16th of May 1691 were executed.
	88.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LE/LEISLER_JACOB.htm (448 words)

	Jacob Leisler
		Leisler refused to proclaim the accession of William and Mary, until he should be officially certified of the fact.
		And when, in March, Governor Sloughter arrived, and Leisler sent him a letter loyally tendering to him the fort and province, that functionary, under the influence of the aristocratic leaders, answered it by sending an officer to arrest the "usurper" and Milborne, and six of the "inferior insurgents," on a charge of high treason.
		Leisler sent for his wife, Alice, and their older children, and after a sorrowful parting with them, he and his son-in-law were led to the gallows in a drenching rain.
	www.publicbookshelf.com /public_html/Our_Country_Vol_1/jacobleis_hb.html (957 words)

	Leisler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Controversial in life as in death, Jacob Leisler was intimately bound to the social, economic, and political development of New York from 1659, when the Dutch West India Company employed him as a nineteen-year-old in its Amsterdam offices, until his execution for treason in New York City in May l691.
		Leisler was transformed beyond recognition, deified as a simple, self-made democratic hero, or demonized as an uncultured and brutal representative of mob violence.
		Leisler was of "German" or more properly, "Hessian" background, someone known as a "Dutch" soldier and trader, but identified even by contemporaries with the "Huguenots" not only because of his mother's family background, but because of his intervention on behalf of Huguenot refugees in the New World.
	www3.la.psu.edu /histrlst/maxkade/Leisler.htm (1642 words)

	Jacob Leisler (1640-1691) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leisler came to this country in the year of 1660 as a soldier in the service of the Dutch West India Company.
		When news of the imprisonment of Gov. Andros in Massachusetts was received, they took possession on 1689 of Fort James (at the southern end of Manhattan Island) later renamed Fort William and announced it would be held until the arrival of a governor commissioned by the new sovereigns.
		Leisler was a Protestant and in the year of 1689 he gained control of S. New York with the aid of militia and proclaimed the new sovereigns, and was appointed commander in chief by his followers.
	www.forks.wednet.edu /high/ss/Giles/apush/assign/ch2stdygdehelp/Leisler.htm (367 words)

	Jacob Leisler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Jacob Leisler (1640-91) took charge of affairs in New York in 1689.
		Leisler sought acceptance in Albany and countered by appointing a slate of municipal officers to govern the new city.
		Leisler's appointees were: Johannes Wendell as mayor; Johannes Cuyler - clerk; aldermen - Johannes Becker, Jr.
	www.nysm.nysed.gov /albany/bios/l/leisler.html (361 words)

	Leisler's Rebellion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		An armed mob seized Fort James and installed Jacob Leisler, a militia commander and immigrant from Germany, as the head of a new government.
		Leisler's willful personality was similar to that of Peter Stuyvesant, but for a while he enjoyed popular support because he established a legislative assembly that was not dominated by the wealthy merchants and landowners.
		Leisler was convicted of treason and sentenced to be executed.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h564.html (325 words)

	NARA \| NHPRC and Other Grants \| Annotation December 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Dudley, presiding chief justice at Leisler's trial, was seeking reappointment as royal governor of Massachusetts: an appointment that Puritan New Englanders bitterly opposed.
		Jacob Leisler to Robert Treat, Jan. 1, 1691, Edmund B. O'Callaghan, ed., Documentary History of the State of New York, 4 vols.
		Jacob Melyen, Letterbook, 1691-1696, American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass., is largely devoted to New England efforts to have Leisler's attainder reversed.
	www.archives.gov /grants/annotation/december_2002/jacob_leisler.html (1615 words)

	Jacob Leisler
		Leisler headed the New York City militia and seized Fort James on May 31, 1689.
		He was chosen as "captain of the fort" in August, and he led a militantly anti-Catholic faction that supported the claims of William of Orange to the throne.
		Leisler was tried for his arbitrary seizure of authority and his refusal to relinquish it at the demand of the new governor.
	beatl.barnard.columbia.edu /kingsv1/biosketches/jacob_leisler.htm (135 words)

	Life Biography on Jacob Leisler \| Custom Written Biographies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Jacob Leisler (1640-1691), colonial political leader, became de facto governor of the New York colony after leading a revolt against British officials and colonial aristocrats.Jacob Leisler, son of a Calvinist clergyman, was born in Frankfurt, Germany, early in 1640.
		The trials were blatantly unfair; Parliament later rescinded the attainder against Leisler, and the colonial Assembly voted an indemnity to his heirs.
		Historians have hailed "Leisler's Rebellion" as one of the earliest manifestations of self-determination and urban democracy in America.
	www.essaycreation.com /biographies/Jacob_Leisler-30428.html (312 words)

	[No title]
		The duty was about a hundred pounds-sterling, and Leisler refused to pay it, on the ground that Matthew Plowman, collector of the port, was a Roman Catholic, and that since King James's flight no duly qualified government existed in New York.
		This Jacob Leisler was a German of humble origin, born at Frankfort-on-the-Main.
		Leisler was a man of integrity, noted for fair and honourable dealing in matters of business.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /service/gc/gckb/042/02500170u.txt (354 words)

	German American Corner: German Achievements in America 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leisler commissioned a company of soldiers under command of his son-in-law, Major Jacob Milborne, to go to Albany to compel the aristocrats to acknowledge him and to occupy the fort, as at the Canadian border hostilities by the French and their Indian allies were imminent.
		It was the first ever held, and by this act Leisler aroused the colonists to a sense of common interest, which kept on increasing and was destined to culminate in the Continental Congress of 1776.
		Thus died Jacob Leisler, the first martyr in the long struggle of the American people for liberty, the first of the men chosen by the people in their efforts to wrest the right of self-government from the hands of their oppressors.
	www.germanheritage.com /Publications/cronau/cronau7.html (3269 words)

	Schermerhorn Genealogy and Family Chronicles - Chapter II: Descendants of Ryer Jacobse Schermerhorn (Part 1 of 4) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The original Schermerhorn homestead in Schenectady, which was said to have been occupied by Jacob Janse himself, was burned in 1911, and was still the property of members of the Schermerhorn family.
		JACOB, son of (2) Ryer J. Schermerhorn and Ariantje A. Bratt; b.
		Jacob R. Schermerhorn settled on the Schenectady Flatts in the Town of Rotterdam, N. Y., on an estate inherited from his father.
	www.schenectadyhistory.org /families/schermerhorn/chronicles/2a.html (4464 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leisler chose the alternative, imprisonment, rather than renouncing his Protestant principles(he was the son of a Calvinist minister who had had to leave the Palatinate (spell!) because of his belief).
		Though connected to the aristocracy by marriage, Leisler remained a man of the people, alive to their interests, nearer to them in habits and culture or lack thereof, and admired by them for his plain honesty.
		Leisler catapulted to fame in 1689 in the wake of England's “Glorious Revolution,” which toppled the Roman Catholic KingJames II and set on the throne his son-in-law, the William of Orange, tog.
	montgomery.cas.muohio.edu:16080 /carelspe/GER_151/leisler.doc (1921 words)

	The Life of Jacob Leisler
		Jacob Leisler was born into a prominent European Calvinist family that included Dr. Jacob Leisler, his grandfather and chief counselor to the Counts of Oettingen, Reverend Jacob Victorian Leisler, his father and pastor of the Frankfurt-am-Main French Reformed congregation, and the noted Huguenot theologian Simon Goulart.
		Leisler's brothers, Johann Adam and Frantz, were Swiss bankers who financed such Protestant states as the duchy of Wuertemburg.
		Leisler's administration of New York split the province into two distinct camps that were closely aligned with the Regent and Orangist factions in the United Provinces and the Whig and Tory factions in England, the legacy of which, according to some historians, is America's unique two-party system.
	www.nyu.edu /leisler/biography.html (302 words)

	Considering Zenger: Partisan Politics and the Legal Profession in Provincial New York
		But the foundations of Leisler's regime were never secure; both on Long Island and at Albany there was resistance to his pretensions to authority, and in New York City Leisler resorted to increasingly repressive measures directed at his opposition, which was led by some of the most important members of the Anglo-Dutch merchant community.
		In the immediate aftermath of the Leisler fiasco, as William and Mary's government was being organized, elections to a new representative Assembly occurred, under the arrangements that would thereafter prevail in New York down to Independence.
		Thus, sometime in the fall of 1735 Stephen Bayard--son of that Nicholas Bayard who was imprisoned by Leisler, demanded Leisler's execution, and was himself convicted of treason and sentenced to death by a kangaroo court in 1702--privately presented to Andrew Hamilton the freedom of the City of New York and a small gold box.
	emoglen.law.columbia.edu /publications/zenger.html (11906 words)

	South Street Seaport Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leisler somehow managed to rapidly obtain the necessary funds for his own release and that of his ship, probably because the Leisler name was well known on the Continent.
		Jacob Leisler's captivity, which occurred when he was thirty-seven years old, was only one of many dramatic turns in this remarkable man's life.
		In 1689, in the wake of England's Glorious Revolution of 1688, Leisler assumed the role of New York governor on behalf of King William III and and Queen Mary.
	www.southstseaport.org /magazine/articles/1997b-01.shtm (3159 words)

	Syllabus for German Immigrant Culture in America: Lesson 2
		Frankfurt-born, Leisler was a wealthy New York businessman and senior captain of the militia.
		In 1689 at a critical time in the colonies, he seized control of the City and ruled as governor for two years without being recognized by the British, who deposed and hanged him for treason in 1691.
		Leisler is considered the first martyr in the struggle for American liberty.
	www-lib.iupui.edu /kade/merrill/lesson2.html (555 words)

	[No title]
		One year later a tract of 6,000 acres, the land upon which New Rochelle now stands, was sold by John Pell to Jacob Leisler, who was for a short time Governor of New York.
		Leisler was commissioned by these French Huguenots to obtain the land.
		One of the conditions of sale was that Jacob Leisler, his heirs and assigns, should give to 'John Pell his heirs and assigns Lords of the said Manor of Pelham...as an Acknowledgment to the said Manor one fatt calfe on every fouer and twentieth day of June Yearly and Every Year forever (if demanded)'.
	www.usrarecoininvestments.com /collecting/rochelle-halfdollar.htm (1196 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In New York, Leisler assisted in the seizure of Fort James in May 1689 and assumed command of the rebel army after Lt. Gov.
		When Leisler hesitated to relinquish power, he was arrested, convicted of murder and treason, and hanged.
		Leisler generally represented Protestant, antiaristocratic interests in New York, and his popular, or anticourt, faction was a factor in the colony for another generation.
	www.eccentrix.com /members/mrreed/0405/apush/guides/guide_Rebellions.doc (844 words)

	The Jacob Leisler Papers Project at NYU
		The Jacob Leisler Paper Project needs your support to cover the expenses of ongoing research, as well as to finance the purchase of additional documents and for the creation of conferences and exhibits.
		The Papers of Jacob Leisler Project is a nonprofit, tax-exempt organization which is administered through New York University.
		The Friends of Jacob Leisler supports the efforts of the The Papers of Jacob Leisler Project to collect, conserve, and make accessible these important documents and exhibits relating to a pivotal period in the development of New York and modern America.
	www.nyu.edu /leisler/about-help.html (164 words)

	[No title]
		Leisler's life was threatened, and he went about attended by a guard of soldiers.
		Leisler, after he had taken charge of the province, wrote to the King, but his letter was written in imperfect English and was not understood.
		After the death of Leisler, there was an end of open revolt, and affairs were reasonably quiet, although it was many a long year before the rancor of the late struggle and the bitter hatred of the friends and enemies of Leisler died out.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/3/8/4/13842/13842-8.txt (24307 words)

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