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Topic: Jacobo Arbenz

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	An Anti-Democracy Foreign Policy: Guatemala
		Arbenz’s socialist mindset had driven him to adopt an “agrarian reform plan,” a type of land-distribution scheme that unfortunately is all too common in Latin America.
		So Arbenz had two strikes against him already as far as the CIA was concerned — his belief in socialism and his confrontation with a major U.S. corporation that had strong allies in the U.S. Congress.
		Unaware that the CIA was orchestrating the military coup against him, throughout the crisis Arbenz turned to the U.S. government for help, innocently placing his faith in a government that was purportedly committed to advancing democracy.
	www.fff.org /comment/com0502f.asp (1567 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz
		Arbenz supplied Arevalo with the names of young officers who he knew to be loyal to the idea of democracy.
		Arbenz's first action was to order the construction of a government run port to compete with United Fruit's Puerto Barrios.
		Arbenz became aware of this CIA plot to overthrow him.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /JFKarbenz.htm (5200 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (1913-1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954, during which time Communists were alleged to have acquired decisive influence.
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was born in Quezaltenango on September 14, 1913, the son of a Swiss pharmacist and a Latina mother.
		Arbenz was selected to the three-man junta which governed Guatemala until Juan José Arévalo Bermej's election as president.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/jacobo-arbenz-guzman (995 words)

	Enciclopedia - Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán fue un presidente de Guatemala, elegido democráticamente.
		El coronel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (14 de septiembre de 1913–27 de enero de 1971).
		Arbenz dimitió el 27 de junio de 1954 y tuvo que partir al exilio.
	www.enciclopedia.com /es/j/ja/jacobo_arbenz_guzman.php (258 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán - InformationBlast
		Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (September 14, 1913 - January 27, 1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954, when he was ousted in a coup d'etat backed by the United States and was replaced by a dictatorship.
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (1951 to 1954) was the democratically-elected, reformist president of Guatemala.
		To protect its interest in the country, the UFC and its banking supporters collaborated with the CIA to persuade the US administration that Arbenz was a Communist, or at best a socialist who was inviting a Communist takeover.
	www.informationblast.com /Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzman.html (313 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán - The Jiggies Reference Guide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (1913-1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954, when he was replaced by a brutal dictatorship, one of the bloodiest in the region for a long time.
		Arbenz was also, falsely, believed to be a Communist.
		In 1952 the Communist Guatemalan Labor Party was legalized; and before Arbenz was deposed, Communists had gained considerable influence over important peasant organizations, labor unions, and the governing political party.
	www.jiggies.com /reference/Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzman (316 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was the democratically-elected, reformist president of Guatemala.
		Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (September 14, 1913–January 27, 1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954, when he was ousted in a coup d'etat backed by the United States and was replaced by a military dictator, Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas.
		The administration ordered the CIA to sponsor a coup d'état, code-named Operation PBSUCCESS, that toppled the government; Arbenz resigned on June 27, 1954 and was forced to flee.
	www.askfactmaster.com /Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzman (275 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Jacobo Arbenz Guzman (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Colonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzman (1913-1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954.
		Upon assuming office, Arbenz Guzman attempted to take on the United Fruit Company (UFC), an American-based corporation which controlled much of the counry's agricultural land.
		As this occurred during the days of the Red Scare in the United States, Arbenz Guzman was deemed a communist--he was not, though many of his closest acquaintances and possibly his wife were.
	encyclopedia.kids.net.au /page/ja/Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzman (127 words)

	DNK Amazon Store :: Secret History: The Cia's Classified Account of Its Operations in Guatemala, 1952-1954
		The ousting of the democratically elected president Jacobo Arbenz by the would be caudillo Carlos Castillo Armas with the enthusiastic support from the CIA will be the general rehearsal for future operations in other parts of the World during the Cold War.
		Arbenz became aware of the rebel opposition and went public of foreign intervention in conspiracy to overthrow him.
		Arbenz fled to Mexico along with others who supported his government.
	www.entertainmentcareers.net /book/ProductDetails.aspx?asin=0804733112 (1280 words)

	Life Biography on Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán \| Custom Written Biographies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (1913-1971) was president of Guatemala from 1951 to 1954, during which time Communists were alleged to have acquired decisive influence.
		His overthrow by an invasion sponsored by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency represents a watershed in that country's violent history.Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán was born in Quezaltenango on September 14, 1913, the son of a Swiss pharmacist and a Latina mother.
		Associated Events Guatemalan Coup, 1954 Further Reading There is no biography of Arbenz, but studies of the CIA operation in Guatemala contain valuable information concerning his life and presidency.
	www.essaycreation.com /biographies/Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzmaacuten-30432.html (210 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán - MedPort-Lexikon (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Juni 1954 wurde er durch einen von den Vereinigten Staaten unterstützten Putsch gestürzt und der Diktator Castillo Armas eingesetzt.
		Ubico fühlte sich von der Popularität seines Gegenkandidaten bedroht und ließ Arévalo wenige Tage nach seiner Ankunft aus dem Exil in Argentinien festnehmen.
		Juni 1954 musste Arbenz fliehen und Carlos Enrique Díaz de León wurde kurzzeitig sein Nachfolger.
	www.medport.de /lexikon/index.php/Jacobo_Arbenz (558 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz GuzmÃ¡n - Definition, explanation
		Arbenz wurde 1913 als Sohn eines Schweizer Immigranten und einer Mestizin geboren.
		Juni 1954 musste Arbenz fliehen und Carlos Enrique DÃaz de LeÃ³n wurde kurzzeitig sein Nachfolger.
		Arbenz suchte Exil fÃ¼r sich und seine Familie in vielen LÃ¤ndern, darunter die Schweiz, Frankreich, Tschechoslowakei, Russland, Uruguay und Kuba, konnte aber in keinem Land dauerhaft bleiben.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/j/ja/jacobo_arbenz_guzma_n.php (535 words)

	DNK Amazon Store :: Bitter Fruit: The Story of the American Coup in Guatemala, Revised and Expanded (David Rockefeller ...
		Both Arevalo and Arbenz were motivated by the policies and practices of the New Deal; their support for labor and their actions towards American businesses must be viewed in this light and were never any worse than the laws passed during the Depression in the United States.
		Second, the succession of American puppets who succeeded Arbenz were certainly not supported by the people of Guatemala: the ragtag opposition "army" never exceeded 400 troops in number, and none of the dictators during the next four decades could have survived a freely held election.
		In addition, when the Arbenz government attempted to compensate UFC for the land (all of it fallow), the company admitted that it had fraudulently undervalued their holdings for tax purposes at $627,000; the land was worth closer to $16 million.
	www.entertainmentcareers.net /book/ProductDetails.aspx?asin=067401930X (961 words)

	EL PAIS DIGITAL - INTERNACIONAL
		Jacobo Arbenz actuó con tacto y mano izquierda.
		Jacobo Arbenz, el coronel-presidente reformista, no contaba con aviones ni artillería antiaérea.
		Diez mil partidarios de Arbenz fueron a parar al exilio, el número de los presos políticos subió a 5.000, neutralizaron a los líderes de los sindicatos, se suprimieron los partidos.
	www.udel.edu /leipzig/071198/elc161198.htm (2099 words)

	Devils Don't Dream!
		Before his journey into exile Jacobo Arbenz, the overthrown President of Guatemala, is presented to photographers stripped down to his underwear: an image seen around the world.
		Arbenz had led the successful 1944 revolt against the military dictatorship, a regime that had oppressed Guatemala since colonialism.
		Arbenz, the son of Swiss immigrants, was celebrated as a national hero.
	www.frif.com /new97/devils_do.html (400 words)

	YouTube - CIA coup of 1954 from the doc.,"A Coup made in America"Pt 1
		His mission was to try to overthrow the elected President Jacobo Arbenz and replace it with a more pro US dictatorship.
		Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán- President of Guatemala from 1952-1954.
		He was coup d'etat by the CIA for reforming land to peasants from the United Fruit Company and for allowing a Communist Party to function in Guatemala.
	www.youtube.com /watch?v=ixxgeCrB1ic (850 words)

	The Consortium
		Although inside Guatemala, Arbenz was seen as a reformer bent only on changing the country's rigid oligarchy, Washington was nervous because he permitted the Guatemalan Communist Party to operate openly.
		To frighten government officials and police, the CIA and its agents sent them death notices, made anonymous phone calls ("preferably between 2 and 5 a.m."), spread rumors about their personal and professional lives, and mailed threatening symbols to their homes, such as a coffin or a hangman's noose.
		In the end, the Guatemalan army deposed Arbenz because they feared that the United States was prepared to invade the country.
	www.consortiumnews.com /archive/story38.html (1104 words)

	Guatemala '54
		Haines writes that "until the day that Arbenz resigned in June 1954 the option of assassination was still being considered." The CIA, according to this history, did not implement its assassination strategy.
		But the declassifiers of this study, and other related documents, have deleted the names of the targeted individuals, making it impossible to verify that none of them were killed during or in the aftermath of the coup.
		Beginning with a review of the political, economic and social forces that led to Arbenz's presidency in 1951, the document is an intimate account of how cold war concerns convinced President Eisenhower to order the removal of the democratically-elected leader by force.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB4 (994 words)

	¡Devils Don’t Dream! Research on Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán movie review - Film - Time Out New York
		Documentary on the '40 years of war' that have troubled and haunted Guatemala since the US-executed coup against the liberal regime of Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán - a young army officer who himself led a coup against the prevailing right-wing dictatorship and, on being elected president, instituted a programme of progressive reforms.
		The absence of witnesses willing to talk (with the exception of Arbenz's widow) betokens the climate of fear that still obtains in Guatemala, and also limits the scope of the documentary.
		On the other hand, writer/director Hoessli has located much footage long thought lost in the private archives of a contemporary news cameraman.
	www.timeout.com /film/65390.html (302 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán
		JACOBO ARBENZ GUZMAN (15/03/1951 - 27/06/1954) Dedicamos este espacio para publicar información sobre los presidentes de Guatemala
		Contrajo matrimonio con la señora Villanova de Arbenz.
		Arbenz entregó el poder a Carlos Enrique Díaz de León.
	www.aquiguatemala.net /presidentes/jacobo_arbenz.html (216 words)

	Foreign Policy In Focus \| Guatemala and the Forgotten Anniversary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		After throwing off dictatorial rule in the 1940s, Guatemala had several democratic elections that culminated in 1950 with Jacobo Arbenz becoming president with 65% of the popular vote.
		Unfortunately for Arbenz, his reforms ran up against a powerful multi- national corporation, the United Fruit Company, which owned over a half million acres of land in Guatemala and controlled the country’s telegraph and rail systems, as well as the only Atlantic sea port.
		In Arbenz’ governing coalition, only four of fifty-one deputies were communists, and none were cabinet members.
	www.fpif.org /fpiftxt/1117 (958 words)

	E. Howard Hunt talks. - By A.L. Bardach - Slate Magazine
		After beginning as an intelligence operative in China, Hunt trailblazed the path for the CIA in Latin America from 1950 to 1970, ever on the lookout for the Communist menace.
		By his account, he was the architect of the 1954 U.S.-backed coup ("Operation Success") in Guatemala that deposed democratically elected President Jacobo Arbenz.
		We set up shop and had some very bright guys working against Arbenz, and the long and short of it was that we got Arbenz defenestrated.
	www.slate.com /id/2107718/workarea/3 (2482 words)

	Green Left - Resistance!: Who was the real Che Guevara?
		In 1950 a leftist military commander, Jacobo Arbenz, had been elected president and started to carry out political reform.
		Revolutionaries in Guatemala called on Arbenz to arm the people to repel the aggression, but he refused.
		On June 27 Arbenz caved in and resigned as president.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1999/388/17897 (1431 words)

	Term Paper on The overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz.
		Term Paper on The overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz.
		The Berlin Crisis, the fall of China, and the Soviet acquisition of nuclear weapons in 1948 and 1949 had made leaders wary of Soviet encroachment in the Western Hemisphere.
		However, this didn't stop super powers such as Russia from becoming communist, right away that is. I would imagine it had other countries think twice before they became of the communist reign, which I feel was America's goal the whole time.
	www.swiftpapers.com /essay/The_overthrow_of_Jacobo_Arbenz-141881.html (200 words)

	Guatemala (02/07)
		Social reforms initiated by Arevalo were continued by his successor, Col. Jacobo Arbenz.
		Arbenz permitted the communist Guatemalan Labor Party to gain legal status in 1952.
		The army refused to defend the Arbenz government when a U.S.-backed group led by Col. Carlos Castillo Armas invaded the country from Honduras in 1954 and quickly took over the government.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2045.htm (4762 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán - Geolocatie.nl
		Kolonel Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (14 september 1913 – 27 januari 1971) was een socialistisch president van Guatemala van 1951 tot 1954.
		Dit, en het feit dat Arbenz de communistische partij legaliseerde en er samenwerking mee zocht, leidde in de Verenigde Staten tot plannen om Arbenz af te zetten.
		In 1954 besloot de CIA steun te verlenen aan een militaire coup (Operatie PBSUCCESS).
	www.geolocation.nl /Jacobo_Arbenz (254 words)

	dimelo.com Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arbenz Guzmán fue ministro de Defensa con Juan José Arévalo (1944-1951).
		Puso en marcha una ambiciosa reforma agraria con la que pretendía dotar de tierras a los campesinos pobres.
		En 1953 en su discurso ante el Congreso de la República, el presidente Arbenz Guzmán se refirió a la Ley de Reforma Agraria como el comienzo de la transformación económica de Guatemala.
	www.dimelo.com /nek01/GS/personajes/JacoboArbenzGuzman/default.asp (275 words)

	What we're up against (lessons from Guatemala)
		While admitting CIA complicity in the 1954 coup that saw the end of Jacobo Arbenz, Krauss is quick to remind us "modern Guatemalan political history began not with the coup of 1954."
		In a landslide victory, Jacobo Arbenz was freely and fairly elected president of Guatemala in 1951.
		Wishing to transform his country, Arbenz's modest reforms and his legalizing of the Communist Party were frowned upon in American business circles.
	www.onlinejournal.com /artman/publish/printer_1498.shtml (1313 words)

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