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Topic: Jain literature

	Jain Agama Literature
		Around 500 A.D., which was one thousand years after Lord Mahavir's nirvana (death), Jain acharyas realized that it was extremely difficult to keep memorizing the entire Jain literature complied by the many scholars of the past and present.
		All Swetambar Jains believe that the proper meaning and the original intent of the eleven Ang-agams survived and were properly documented by elder monks one thousand years after Lord Mahavir's nirvan.
		The Jain literature which was complied by Ganadharas and Srut-kevlis is known as Agam literature.
	www.cs.colostate.edu /~malaiya/agamas.html (2381 words)

	Jainism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jains regard him and all Tirthankars as a reformer who called for a return to beliefs and practices in line with the eternal universal philosophy upon which the faith is said to be based.
		The swastika is one of the holiest Jain symbols.
		Jain philosophy and culture have been a major cultural, philosophical, social and political force since the dawn of civilization in South Asia, and its ancient influence has been traced beyond the borders of modern India into the Middle Eastern and Mediterranean regions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jainism (4098 words)

	WELCOME: WWW.JAINSAMAJ.ORG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Later, when the Jain congregation relaxed the vow of non-possession with regards to religious scriptures for ascetics, they had already forgotten much of the oldest canonical literature such as fourteen Purva Agams and the rest were polluted with modifications and errors.
		Jain history indicates that during the course of time, Swetambar ascetics held three conferences; at Patli-putra @320 B.C., at Mathura and Valabhi @380 A.D., and at Valabhi @520 A.D. for the preservation of the Jain canonical and other literature.
		All Swetambar Jains believe that the original intent and proper meaning of the eleven Ang-agams survived and were properly documented by elder monks (Acharyas) during the three conferences that were held by Swetambar ascetics in the past.
	jainsamaj.org /literature/jain_agam.htm (2850 words)

	Jain Agam Literature
		The Jain Ägams consisted of 1) 14 Purvas, 2) 12 Ang-pravishtha-Ägams and 3) Ang-bähya-Ägams (34 for Shwetämbar Murtipujak, 21 for Shwetämbar Sthanakväsi and 14 for Digambar).
		Jains believe that Ang-Pravishtha-Ägams were at all times in the past, are in the present, and will be at all times in the future.
		There is no difference of opinion among the sects of the Jains, on the point that the basic source of the entire Jain literature is a group of twelve Anga works composed by the Ganadhars.
	www.geocities.com /bhavna_shah/Jain_agam_literature.htm (3121 words)

	Indian culture is consisted of two main trends: Sramanic and Brahmanic
		Jains are known everywhere for the strict observance of their religious practices in their daily lives.
		Jains believe that Ang-Ägams were at all times in the past, are in the present, and will be at all times in the future.
		Jains have made remarkable contributions in the areas of languages and literature, arts and architecture (temples, temple cities, cave-temples, stups, mana-stumbhs, towers, sculptures and paintings), philosophy (multiplicity of views – Anekäntväd), ethical codes, business, political progress, religious, social and education equality to women, inculcation of self-reliance and emphasis on non-violence.
	www.geocities.com /bhavna_shah/Jain_History.htm (5069 words)

	The Jain Study Circle
		Above all, we are grateful to the office bearers and volunteers of the Jain Study Circle who will continue to share the responsibility of the publication of the Jain Study Circular.
		The annual meeting of Jain Study Circle was held at Duli Chandra and Sunita Jain's residence in Flushing, New York on April 29, 2007.
		The Jain Study Circle expresses sincere gratitude to the individuals who participate in editing and proofing the Jain Study Circular.
	www.jainstudy.org (1114 words)

	Canonical and commentarial literature (from Jainism) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia ...
		Jain canonical scriptures do not belong to a single period, nor is any text free from later revision or additions.
		Bhadrabahu, traditionally recognized as the last Jain sage to know the contents of the Purvas, is thought to be the author of the Niryuktis, the earliest commentaries on the Jain canonical texts.
		The Jains have traditionally maintained important libraries throughout India, among the most significant of which are those for the Shvetambaras at Cambay (or Khambhat), Patan (both in Gujarat state), and Jaisalmer (Rajasthan) and those for the Digambaras at Karanja (Maharashtra) and Mudbidri (Karnataka).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-59025 (1482 words)

	Jainism at a Glance
		The word 'Jain' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'JIN' which means 'conqueror' &endash; one who has conquered his lower nature, who has become a supreme being by absolving his soul of all karma and who has attained NIRVANA &endash; the supreme state of existence.
		Jains believe that the universe and its principles are eternal, and therefore, the principles of Jainism are also eternal.
		Although the population of Jains is very small in comparison with other religious groups, Jains form an important segment of Indian society by making a significant contribution in the fields of education, commerce and politics.
	www.jainstudy.org /jsc1.99-JainismAtAGlance.htm (1536 words)

	Prakrit Languages
		Jains always promoted their religion through people’s languages.
		Jain Maharashtri was a language closer to Ardhmagdhi on one hand and to Maharashtri on the other hand.
		There is lot off jain literature written in Apbhransh languages in medieval period.
	jainhistory.tripod.com /prakrit.html (321 words)

	Literature (from Jainism) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Literature may be classified according to a variety of systems, including language, national origin, historical period, genre, and subject matter.
		As in the history of the literature of most peoples, poetry was the first literary expression of the Germans.
		Overview of the history and literature of India from the period of the emergence of Buddhism and Jainism and of nascent "Hinduism" from the Brahmanical tradition.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-216269 (992 words)

	Jainism
		Jains believe their religion is eternal and hold that it was revealed in stages by a number of Conquerors, of whom Mahavira was the 24th.
		Jains view karma as an invisible material substance that interferes with liberation and can only be dissolved through asceticism.
		During this period, Jains believe his that he attained keval-jnana, or perfect enlightenement, in which spiritual powers fully become developed and perfect perception, knowledge, power, and bliss are realized.
	www.ishwar.com /jainism (639 words)

	Jain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Jain is noun used to identify things related to Jainism or Jain Dharma.
		A follower of Jainism is known as a Jain.
		A food cooked as per guidelines of Jainism is known as Jain Food.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jain (97 words)

	The Hindu : Karnataka News : Promote rational thinking in youngsters: Jain conference
		Wednesday, in view of Mahamastakabhisheka to be held in February 2006, he described Bhagawan Bahubali and his life, as a message of eternal values to humanity and added that it is of spiritual and secular importance.
		He said the life of Bahubali and the Jain way of life is of utmost importance to stop man's rush towards material gain.
		He also felt the need for communicating the Jain way of life, through Jain literature, keeping in mind the rational thought and scientific temperament of the present generation.
	www.hindu.com /2005/12/29/stories/2005122913780300.htm (406 words)

	MavicaNET - Jainism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The religious principles and system of the Jains, a small, wealthy, and influential Hindu sect that forms an important division of the Indian population and holds to a strictly ascetic life.
		Jains deny the divine origin and infallibility of the Vedas, revere certain holy mortals, and display extreme tenderness for all animal life.
		Jain Association International is a global organisation representing jains to contribute to the advancement of the global community by providing opportunities to jains to enhance their lives through individual excellence,entreprenuership,social responsibility,and fellowship to create a stronger society.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/hrv/2297.html (680 words)

	:::: www.JainUniversity.org ::::
		Jain Philosophy (Development of Jain traditions, the beginning and the end of Knowledge, Detailed introduction to main principles of Jainism Rituals in Jainism, Scriptures and Festivals)
		Jain Philosophy (Propagations and extension of Jain Religion and its characteristics, Jain rituals, Jain Temples at Knowledge (Scripture-books) six substances (Dravyas) in Jain Religion.
		An Alumne Students Association of the Jain University is formed to keep live contacts with past-learners at all period of time.
	www.jainuniversity.org /html/courseware.asp (718 words)

	Jainism Literature Center - Jain Education
		The nine tattvas, or principles, are the single most important subject of Jain philosophy.
		Jain literature explains 57 practical ways, a person can stop the influx of karma.
		They are divided into two groups; external nirjara which disciplines the human body against passions and desires and internal nirjara which purifies the soul.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~pluralsm/affiliates/jainism/jainedu/9tattva.htm (1602 words)

	JAINA: JAFNA Proposal
		At a time when the world and people are torn with violence and war, understanding of Jain Principles can bring internal peace as well as world peace.
		For this we would have to have solid foundation of Jain literature in English and awareness of Jain teachings among Western Philosophers of all walk.
		The funds for Center for Jain Studies will be generated by various fund raisers and donations from the worldwide Jain community.
	www.jainism.org /Organization/societies/jafna/proposal.htm (767 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Religion and Spirituality: Jainism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Jain History - Articles on the history of Jainism with a discussion group for those interested in related subjects.
		Jain Study Circle - Quotations from scriptures: Our readers are encouraged to study the following quotations and understand the ever-increasing gap between the fundamentals of Jainism and our religious practices.
		Jainworld - Combines the aspirations of Jains around the globe and is being positioned to link various aspects of their lives, cutting across all barriers.
	dmoz.org /Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Jainism (491 words)

	Science in India- Astronomy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The chief sources of astronomy-related information are the Vedic texts, Jain literature, and the siddhantas (texts), as also the endeavours in Kerala.
		The Ardha-Magadhi Prakrit texts are composed of the fragments and oral traditions of the original Jain texts known as Punva.
		The cosmic diagrams of Jain literature depict Mount Meru at the centre, and the outermost limit illustrates the twelve months, the planetary cycles and the movements of the Sun the Moon.
	www.indiaheritage.com /science/astro.htm (1609 words)

	WEL COME - AHIMSA TIMES, FEBRUARY 2003 ISSUE- WWW.JAINSAMAJ.ORG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Jain told the press reporters that every person possesses potential capacity to remember thousands of words but he is not aware of his inherent and hidden ability.
		Shri Lokesh Jain of Ajmer was initiated to Jain Sthanakwasi sect and given bhagwati diksha by Shri Gyan Muni Ji Maharaj, disciple of late shri Hasti Mal Ji Maharaj.
		Shri Hitesh Kumar Bokadia son of Shri Shanti Lal Bheem Raj Bokadia was allowed Jain Bhagawati Diksha in the holy presence of Ganadhipati Shri Champa Lal Ji Maharaj belonging to Jain Shwetambar Sthanakwasi sect on the 6th February, 2003 at Sanchore in Rajasthan.
	www.jainsamaj.org /magazines/february2003.htm (6194 words)

	Jain Books, Jain Literature, Jain Shastras - in English, Hindi, Gujarati, Prakrit, Sanskrit
		Akalank-Nikalank - A Jain play about 2 brave brothers, Akalanka (who later became a great Acharya) and his younger brother Nikalank (who sacrificed his life for Jain Dharma) from their youth.
		Laghu Jain Siddhant Praveshika (Principles of Jainism) - a concise and accurate introduction to the key principles of Jainism.
		Vegetarian food and Jain Conduct - Vegetarianism covers a wide spectrum of acceptabilities not all of which would be consistent with the prnciple of non-violence.
	www.atmadharma.com /jainbooks.html (4027 words)

	India - Today's Releases - Medianet - Indiatimes - Business News. From those who make news. UNCENSORED. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Jain Scholars to Converge at Shravanabelagola from Dec 28 to Jan 1, 2006
		Inscriptions and etchings found in Shravanabelagola including those linking it to the 5000 years old Harappan civilization, and the connection of these etchings with Indus Valley will be highlighted by the archeologists from different parts of India who have been involved in studies since decades at cracking the sign language based Indus Valley script.
		As many as 200 Digambara Jain munis and an equal number of Jain Matajis will participate in the deliberations alongside the scholars and researchers from different walks of life.
	medianet.indiatimes.com /PRShow.asp?Key=128538&ID=505252 (280 words)

	Great Ascetics
		Lord Mahavira was a Jain monk, and Jain monks may often take a vow to accept food only when it is possible to observe a set of pre-determined special conditions.
		The concise and systematized aphorismic forms he brought to Jain literature and the literary structures in which he explained Jainism’s most advanced scientific principles relating to such area as atomic structure, cosmic dimensions, the cosmic ethers, and psychology, rivaled anything produced up to that time anywhere in the world.
		Hindu and Buddhist thinkers were put to the task of finding ways to respond to his explications of Jain philosophy and conduct, and he thus set unprecedented levels of erudition and rationalism in India’s overall philosophical discourse which would last through modern times.
	jainhistory.tripod.com /ascetics.html (2145 words)

	Jainism on the net
		Jain Friends, a Pune based institution is going to launch a mega website on Jainism with help of Freelance Press Service.
		It is need of time that there must be a mega Jain website which covers all the subjects related to Jains and Jainism.
		Jain Community: Introduction, Sects and subsects in Jain community (Digambar, Shwetambar, Yapaniya, Sthanakwasi, Taranpanth, Terapanth, Kanaji Panth etc), Castesand subcastes in Jain community, Linguistic groups in Jain community (Hindi, Marathi, Gujarathi, Rajasthani, Kannada, Tamil, Bengali speaking Jains), Inter relations, Jain customs and traditions, New conversions to Jainism, Jains, Agriculture and Army.
	jainfriends.faithweb.com /netproject.html (597 words)

	Mr. Pravin Shah: Project Affiliate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It is with immense pleasure, that we announce the publication of the JAINA Education and Literature CD, on the eve of 2600 birth celebration of Lord Mahavir (we are a few months late).
		The main objective of the JAINA Education committee is to make Jain principles known to the Jain communities at large and make Jain literature widely available in English.
		Also there is a strong need to publish Jain Literature in variety of mediums (Videos, Cassettes, CD, DVD, and Web deployment) for the English speaking people, having interest in the Jain philosophy, religion and scriptures.
	www.pluralism.org /affiliates/shah/index.php?version=print (267 words)

	Jain Workshop - Preliminary Course Outline (version-1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The following is the preliminary course outline of Jain workshop to be held during Thanks Giving holiday (November 26, 98 to November 29, 98) by Jain Study Center of North Carolina and the Federation of Jaina.
		Literature of prominent Digambars and Swetambars Jain authors
		Jain views on Abortion, suicide, and the death penalty.
	www.dd-b.net /~raphael/jain-list/msg02163.html (535 words)

	Jain Students Group at the University of Michigan
		Jain Students Group at the University of Michigan
		Added information about Jain Society of Greater Detroit.
		Jain Conception of the Universe - Interactive; requires Netscape/I.E. Jain Books and Reviews
	www.umich.edu /~umjains (53 words)

	A Guide to Jain Data Base (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A Guide to Jain Data Base Jain Internet and BBS committee of Federation of Jaina and Jain Study Center of North Carolina have compiled more than 10,000 pages of Jain text information on Internet.
		If you do not have Microsoft Word or an appropriate viewer or plug-in, you may download (free) the Microsoft Word Viewer from http://www.microsoft.com The Jain data base information is collected from various sourses ranging from Jain education, scholarly articles, youth essays, Jain books, stories from Jain literature.
		Stories from Jain Literature 104 You can contribute in our Internet activities in the following ways: If you have any computerized Jain Literature material in English, please send your diskette (floppy) in Microsoft Word format to the Jain Internet and BBS Committee, 401 Farmstead Drive, Cary NC 27511.
	www.dd-b.net /~raphael/jain-list/msg01567.html (315 words)

	:: CXO NEWS ::
		Naveen Jain is CEO at Intelius, Inc., which he co-founded in 2003 Jain brings to Intelius a critical vision of integrating intelligent, predictive information for making important everyday decisions.
		Jain believes Intelius can continue to leverage the Internet as a medium through which to provide businesses and consumers with the information they need for greater peace of mind in making everyday decisions.
		Jain also holds patents for several innovative technologies related to operating systems and applications.
	thestevies.com /CXONews/November2006FullText.html (2674 words)

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