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Topic: Jam signal

	Optical star repeater - Patent 4646361
		Assume that the signal (c) is the sum of a signal component (a) transmitted from one transceiver and a signal component (b) transmitted from another transceiver.
		The output signal from the amplifier 4 is fed via a lead 110 to both the noninverting terminal of the comparator 51 and to the inverting terminal of the comparator 52 so that the positive and negative pulses may be independently identified.
		The signals (e) and (f) are respectively coupled to the S and R inputs of the SR flip-flop 61 and to the clock terminals C of the D-type flip-flops 62 and 63.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4646361.html (4450 words)

	Jam signal - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In telecommunication, a jam signal is a signal that carries a bit pattern sent by a data station to inform the other stations that they must not transmit.
		Note 1: In carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) networks, the jam signal indicates that a collision has occurred.
		Note 3: "Jam signal" should not be confused with "electronic jamming."
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Jam_signal (129 words)

	jam
		Jam is a type of fruit preserve: it is a way of preserving fruit by boiling it with sugar.
		Making jam at home used to be common, but the practice is declining, and the accessories, particularly the cellophane covers for jam jars, are getting hard to find in some locations.
		Jam is often used on bread, and also in yoghurt to sweeten it.
	www.fact-library.com /jam.html (291 words)

	tutorials: FAQ4
		SQE Test is implemented by generating a test signal on the collision pair from the transceiver (or its equivalent) following every transmission on the network.
		A: A blanket term for a device that is behaving improperly in terms of electrical signaling on a network.
		When a repeater detects a collision on one port, it puts out a jam on all other ports, causing a collision to occur on those lines that are transmitting, and causing any non-transmitting stations to wait to transmit.
	www.ictglobal.com /faq4.html (1385 words)

	Jam-sensing system and apparatus - Patent 4249080
		The method according to claim 10 in which a jam signal is given if the entry of the next article into the predetermined length of said path is not sensed while the section of the moving web which supported the article in front thereof is present in said predetermined length of said path.
		The signal from the stage register and signals from a number of bistable devices or gates and associated photocells cooperate to deactivate the copying machine if such time period exceeds a predetermined time lapse during which the sheet would normally pass through the various stations of the machine.
		The web movement signals are provided by the GPS sensor 28 in conjunction with counter 38 which counts and groups grid pulses and provides recurring different timing signals which are acting in common at least once during the movement of the conveyor through each station, including the fuser station.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4249080.html (3076 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com
		In the armies and navies of the various nations of the world, flags are used for signaling.
		Besides being used for transmitting sound and television signals, radio is used for the transmission of data in coded form.
		telegraph telegraph, term originally applied to any device or system for distant communication by means of visible or audible signals, now commonly restricted to electrically operated devices.
	www.encyclopedia.com /search.asp?target=Jam+signal&rc=10&fh=21&fr=11 (487 words)

	Encyclopedia: Jam signal
		Signaling, or a signal, may mean: Scientific concepts In information theory, a signal is a flow of information that can be represented as a mathematical function.
		In computer networking, Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) is a network control protocol in which: a carrier sensing scheme is used, a data station that intends to transmit sends a jam signal after waiting a sufficient time for all stations to receive the jam signal, the...
		Note 3: "Jam signal" should not be confused with "electronic jamming." Jamming is an electronic warfare (EW) technique to limit the effectiveness of an opponents communications and/or detection equipment.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Jam-signal (380 words)

	Hope You Like Jamming, Too - Cell-phone jammers may soon be all over. By David S. Bennahum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Since commercial enterprises have purchased the rights to the spectrum, the argument goes, jamming their signals is a kind of property theft.
		Since blocking signals this way doesn't require active broadcasting on a commercially leased frequency, it seems to be legal, though the cellular industry's trade association, the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, doesn't think any jamming should occur, whether active or passive.
		Jamming cell phones is a form of temporal/spatial free speech censorship.
	slate.msn.com /id/2092059 (1621 words)

	Copying machine - Patent 4394088 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Control means is provided for rendering a jam detection circuit inoperative when it is determined the copy paper is absent in the storage tray after the start of the copying cycle and before the introduction of the copy paper into the copying machine.
		The jam detecting means can include at least one jam timer which is set at a predetermined time to emit a jam signal when the sheet paper has not been transported to a predetermined position at a time within the expiration of said jam detecting timer.
		The pulse signals are fed to the microcomputer 100 to time the copying operation of the machine 1 with a control mode afforded by the microcomputer 100.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4394088.html (3508 words)

	Paper Jam Solutions
		Lucky for us, paper jams are less mysterious in their origins than an untrained eye would think, as they can usually be classified into two areas: isolated incidents and festering problems.
		I like to call paper jams a "timeout." Not only does a timeout sound less threatening to an end user, but it's exactly what happened because there are sensor flags that detect the paper as it moves through the printer.
		Once the jammed paper is discovered, grasp it firmly with both hands and pull straight so the paper doesn't tear.
	www.depot-america.com /article_hppaperjams.asp (916 words)

	Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		On a coaxial system, a collision is detected when the DC signal level on the cable is the same or greater than the combined signal level of the two transmitters, i.e..
		If the time to send the signal from one end of the network to the other is longer than it takes to put the whole frame on to the network then neither device will see that the other device is transmitting until it is too late.
		Jamming is a term used to describe the collisions reinforcement signal output by the hub/repeater to all ports.
	www.rhyshaden.com /ethernet.htm (13057 words)

	SQE Test (AKA Heartbeat and CPT)
		The purpose of this signal is to test the important collision detection electronics of the transceiver, and to let the Ethernet interface in the computer know that the collision detection circuits and signal paths are working correctly.
		When the heartbeat signal was introduced in the early 1980s most interfaces didn't know what to do with the new signal, and the software driving the interfaces would sometimes report the heartbeat signal as an unknown error or as a collision problem of some sort.
		The jam signal is part of the normal operation of the repeater, and sending a short burst of the jam signal upon collision detection makes sure that all stations attached to network segments connected to the repeater get news of the collision.
	www.uni-trier.de /infos/ether/sqe/sqe.html (2029 words)

	Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is the function of the "jamming signal" in CSMA/CA.
		Extra overhead is added due to the jamming signal wait time, so other techniques give better performance.
		Compare use of the jamming signal in Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD), which uses another technique to improve CSMA performance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carrier_sense_multiple_access_with_collision_avoidance (268 words)

	Method and apparatus for avoiding packet loss on a CSMA/CD-type local area network using receive-sense-based jam signal ...
		Jamming is detected by the source node as a collision and causes retransmission of the packet from the source node.
		jamming means for causing a collision at said one of said ports in response to destination path being unavailable.
		The transmit side 100a of the MAC transmits a jam signal on its segment once jamRq is asserted, ignoring the 802.3 deference rules, providing that the packet is still being received.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5568476.html (9113 words)

	5436901 Claims (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		when communication on said communications medium is to begin, providing a jam signal from one or more of said plurality of transceivers onto said communications medium, such that no message other than said jam signal may exist on said communications medium;
		receiving said jam signal at each of said plurality of transceivers, each of said plurality of transceivers, in response to said jam signal, waiting for the end of said jam signal;
		A synchronous time division multiplexing method for communicating between a plurality of transceivers interconnected by a communications medium consisting of a single signal line, said plurality of transceivers being peers in that none is a predetermined central bus master, comprising:
	www.ece.cmu.edu /~koopman/patents/5436901/claims.htm (238 words)

	Jam signal -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Note 1: In (Click link for more info and facts about carrier sense multiple access with collision detection) carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) networks, the jam signal indicates that a (An accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object) collision has occurred.
		Note 2: In (Click link for more info and facts about carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance) carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) networks, the jam signal indicates that the sending station intends to transmit.
		Note 3: "Jam signal" should not be confused with " (Deliberate radiation or reflection of electromagnetic energy for the purpose of disrupting enemy use of electronic devices or systems) electronic jamming."
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/J/Ja/Jam_signal.htm (139 words)

	Radiometrix- UHF Radio Telemetry Receiver Module
		This CMOS compatible output from the data slicer is a squared version of the signal on pin 4 (AF).This signal is used to drive external digital decoders, it is true data (ie: as fed to the transmitters data input).
		With no resistor fitted (normal use) the data slicer settles in approx 300ms from reception of a coded signal (ie the first 300ms of signal may be corrupt at the data output) and will pass pulse widths up to 50 ms of continuous 1 or 0.
		For accurate/long delays it is recommended that a delay of 7s (10mF) to be used and the jam signal be fed to a digital timer to determine the required delay.
	www.radiometrix.co.uk /products/rxm.htm (1664 words)

	Jam signal: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Jam signal
		Jam signal: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Jam signal
		Note 1: In carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) networks, the jam signal indicates that a collision has occurred.
		Note 2: In carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) networks, the jam signal indicates that the sending station intends to transmit.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ja/Jam-signal.html (112 words)

	5450404 Claims (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		providing a first jam signal from any one or more of said transceivers onto said communications medium when said communications medium is idle, such that no message other than said first jam signal may exist on the medium;
		transmitting a communications medium ownership message from said jamming transceiver onto said communications medium in a time slot associated with said jamming transceiver, which follows the end of said second jam signal by one or more time slots.
		transmitting said first message in a time slot associated with said jamming transceiver, which follows the end of said second jam signal by one or more time slots.
	www.ece.cmu.edu /~koopman/patents/5450404/claims.htm (341 words)

	ANSDIT - The letter "J" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Deliberate insertion of signals or noise to prevent normal operation of a system.
		The signal sent by a data station to inform the other data stations that they must not transmit.
		In CSMA/CD networks, the jam signal indicates that a collision has occurred.
	www.ncits.org /tc_home/k5htm/j.htm (709 words)

	5535212 Claims
		A method for synchronizing a plurality of transceivers interconnected by a communications medium consisting of a single signal line, said plurality of transceivers being peers in that none is a predetermined central bus master, comprising:
		transmitting, onto said communications medium, a communications medium ownership message from one of said transceivers that provided said jam signal, in a time slot associated with said one transceiver which is a first or subsequent time slot immediately following the end of said jam signal.
		A method for transmitting priority and nonpriority messages between a plurality of transceivers interconnected by a communications medium consisting of a single signal line, said plurality of transceivers being peers in that none is a predetermined central bus master, comprising:
	www.ece.cmu.edu /~koopman/patents/5535212/claims.htm (653 words)

	Siemens Communications Lexicon - automatic baud rate detection (ABR)
		After sending a jam signal, a node waits for a random interval before attempting to re-transmit.
		The fact that nodes immediately stop transmitting and send a jam signal in case of collision reduces the time loss to the time required to detect the collision.
		The length of the jam signal is thus well below the size of the shortest permissible Ethernet frame of 64 Bytes.
	networks.siemens.com /communications/lexicon/4/f005524.htm (163 words)

	:: Signal Path ::
		And last, but certainly not least, we would like to say goodbye to Dion and Frim who will not be joining us on the continuation of the 2006 Signal Path journey...
		We have accepted change as not only a vital part of life, but also as a vital part of this ongoing musical experiment.
		As the seasons change, so does a living breathing entity like Signal Path, and with an end comes an exciting new beginning.
	www.signalpath.org (298 words)

	18-540 Fall 2000: Homework 6
		There is a single frame gap of 350 nsec after each message (also after each jam), with that frame gap followed by a CSMA/CA slot progression.
		A jam is implicitly treated as having being equivalent to a message from node #0 for slot rotation and message gap purposes, although it carries no data.
		Each node is able to assert a signal in its designated slot with zero latency after it "thinks" it is time to assert its signal.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~koopman/ece540/hw/hw6 (671 words)

	Multiport repeater with collision detection and jam signal generation - Patent 5796738
		If there is no room in its buffer, uplink module 40 generates a collision indication, usually in the form of a jam signal, that informs transmitting data device 14 to stop transmission and to execute a back off procedure, which includes waiting a random period of time before retransmitting the message.
		By either generating a collision signal on collision line 56 or locally generating a jam signal for broadcast to other components of repeater 20, uplink module 44 informs transmitting data device 22 that the message cannot be delivered.
		Uplink module 44 generates a collision indication that is ultimately transformed into a jam signal for transmission to the transmitting data device in either local network 36 or local network 34.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5796738.html (7055 words)

	VoIP Dictionary
		jam signal- A signal used to reinforce collisions in a Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) LAN so that all transmitting stations are aware of the collision state.
		A loopback test permits the comparison of a returned signal with the transmitted signal.
		A second modem reconverts this signal to binary data for acceptance by the receiving terminal.
	www.carrollcommunications.com /voip_ip_telephony_dictionary3.html (1757 words)

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