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	James Frazer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Frazer's interest in social anthropology was aroused by reading E.
		Frazer was far from being the first to study religions dispassionately, as a cultural phenomenon rather than from within theology.
		His theories of totemism (Belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem) were superseded by Claude Lévi-Strauss and his vision of the annual sacrifice of the Year King has not been borne out by field studies.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/j/ja/james_frazer.htm (616 words)

	Frazers Originating in North Roscommon Ireland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		James of Cleragh; he was the ancestor of the Frazers of Corradoe.
		James' birth was registered in the District of Ballyfarnon in the Union of Boyle in the Counties of Sligo of Roscommon.
		James Hartley, son of James Hartley and Annie Louisa Snell, on 30 Jun 1917.
	home.comcast.net /~jmhartley/Frazer/fraze001.htm (4613 words)

	Sir James Frazer
		Frazer sent letters of enquiry abroad to as many missionaries, doctors, and civil servants as he could find contact information for, querying them about the indigenous peoples with which they were in contact.
		Frazer himself must further be acknowledged for having the willingness to scrutinize his own culture -- and hold it up for intelligent, sympathetic comparison to other belief systems -- at a time when the general opinion was that other customs and belief systems were merely inferior institutions in need of eradication.
		Frazer’s detailed ethnography of non-Christian tribal cultures, along with his analysis of the ancient European rituals and customs once associated with nature and goddess worship, became primary source material for those seeking to reconstitute what the agents of Christianity had obliterated.
	www.nndb.com /people/600/000099303 (1327 words)

	James Frazer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sir James George Frazer (January 1, 1854, Glasgow, Scotland – May 7, 1941), was a Scottish social anthropologist influential in the early stages of the modern studies of mythology and comparative religion.
		His theories of totemism were superseded by Claude Lévi-Strauss and his vision of the annual sacrifice of the Year King has not been borne out by field studies.
		His generation's choice of Darwinian evolution as a social paradigm, interpreted by Frazer as three rising stages of human progress—magic giving rise to religion, then culminating in science—has not proved valid.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_George_Frazer (588 words)

	Encyclopedia: James Frazer
		Frazer's hypotheses about the death of kings, the regeneration of nature and the social impact of taboos, though largely rejected by later anthropologist who found them sweeping and patronising, passed imperceptibly into the mainstream of culture.
		In Frazer's hands, the interpetation of this obscure custom became the key to a vision of ancient life: one in which human sacrifice had been a means of ensuring the continuation of nature, either through the imitation of death and renewal (in magical systems), or through the placation of the gods (in religious systems).
		Frazer also made excursions into the literary essay (Sir Roger de Coverley and Other Literary Pieces, 1920; The Gorgon's Head, 1927), into genteel verse and even, with the participation of his wife, into children's fiction (Pasha the Pom, 1937).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/James-Frazer (1778 words)

	James George Frazer, Sir Biography / Biography of James George Frazer, Sir Biography
		James Frazer was born in Glasgow, Scotland, on Jan. 1, 1854.
		Frazer decided that ancient rituals and myths could be illuminated by examination of similar customs of modern peoples living in a "savage" or "barbarous" stage.
		Frazer's distinction between magic and religion has proved valid, but the idea that an evolutionary stage of magic invariably preceded religion is invalid, as religious sentiments have been observed in very primitive peoples.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-james-george-frazer-sir (762 words)

	Department of Religious Studies
		Frazer wrote, in his first book The Golden Bough, about the behaviors of the participants in a Hellenistic ritual and then compared their actions to that of modern "primitives." The Golden Bough examined an ancient ritual that is said to take place in the city of Aricia, near Rome.
		Frazer was fascinated by this story for its insights into what he called the "primitive mind." Through his research Frazer hoped to shed light on the current behaviors of those involved in "primitive" religions by using his method of comparative studies.
		Further, Frazer hypothesized that magic was the behavioral predecessor of religion just as religion was the intellectual predecessor of science, therefore, modern "primitives" could have much in common with the classical Hellenistic mind.
	www.as.ua.edu /rel/aboutrelbiofrazer.html (478 words)

	Sir James George Frazer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Sir James George Frazer was a Social Anthropologist, who was born in Glasgow, Scotland.
		Sir James was made a Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of Liverpool in 1907, and continued teaching until 1922.
		He would expand it to 12 volumes in the next 25 years in a monumental exploration of the cults, legends, myths and rites of the world and their influence on the development of religion.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/information/biography/fghij/frazer_james.html (288 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Frazer, Sir James
		Sir James George Frazer O.M. was a classicist and social anthropologist whose theories concerning cultural and religious evolution were widely disseminated through the literature of the twentieth century.
		It might be truer to state that in later life Frazer blended a rationalism characteristic of the eighteenth century Scottish Enlightenment with an appreciation of the poetic appeal and cultural advantages of various kinds of belief.
		Frazer was appointed to the Chair of Social Anthropology in the University of Liverpool in 1908.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=1623 (1885 words)

	James G. Frazer + Huldrych Zwingli
		The Frazer family were devout followers of the Free Church of Scotland, under whose strict doctrines James was raised.
		The Golden Bough, named after the golden bough in the sacred grove at Nemi, near Rome, shows the parallels between Christianity and the rites and superstitions of earlier cultures — the unspoken assumption being that the borrower was Christianity.
		Downie's silence on Frazer's religious beliefs may have been in well-meaning deference to the feelings of the still-living author.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/0101almanac.htm (730 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Frazer doesn't talk much about biblical "myths" much and not at all about Christ, but one can draw inferences from his work about certain passages in the Bible such as eating the body and blood of Christ during communion.
		James Frazer is not exactly a cultural relativist so he has no problem with calling certain societies savage or primitive and his own society civilized and more advanced, although he admits its primitive past.
		Frazer reveals to us our own social, cultural, and religious blindfold, which is none other than a pretty rendering of the ancient magics and superstitions explored in The Golden Bough.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0192829343 (1986 words)

	Amazon.com: Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion: Books: James George Frazer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Frazer shows again and again that these traditional customs and continuations of ancient rites are the basis for a religious system pre-dating any of our own.
		Frazer is very eloquent while being scientific, so that it can be read as either a technical monograph or a type of epic myth itself.
		Frazer emphasizes that religion eventually develops a morality and aesthetic around it, and that eventually the more inhumane aspects of religion go away leaving something very beautiful.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0312332157?v=glance (3398 words)

	Additional Reading (from Sir James George Frazer) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The publication of ‘The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion' in 1890 established the reputation of Sir James George Frazer as one of the leading anthropologists of his time.
		A long verse parable by U.S. writer James Russell Lowell, The Vision of Sir Launfal is based on the legend of the Holy Grail.
		The highly popular poem, published in 1848 and influenced by Thomas Malory and Alfred, Lord Tennyson, tells the tale of a knight who decides not to take a journey in search of the Grail after he learns, during the course of a long dream, that the...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-2451?tocId=2451 (686 words)

	Sir James George Frazer
		James George Frazer was a Scotsman, born in Brandon Place, Glasgow in 1854.
		James was enrolled in Larchfield Academy, where tutored by his headmaster Alexander Mackenzie; he excelled in Latin and Greek.
		James never liked Liverpool and soon became disgruntled, he disliked the noise and bustle of the large industrial city and longed for the tranquility, peace and quiet of tended parks and gardens in Cambridge.
	www.controverscial.com /Sir%20James%20George%20Frazer.htm (1695 words)

	Read about James Frazer at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research James Frazer and learn about James Frazer here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Frazer's interest in social anthropology was aroused by reading
		paradigm, interpreted by Frazer as three rising stages of human progress—magic giving rise to religion, then culminating in science—has not proved valid.
		The third edition was finished in 1915 and ran to twelve volumes, with a supplemental thirteenth volume added in
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/James_George_Frazer (449 words)

	Salon Ivory Tower \| Camille on Campus: In defense of "The Golden Bough"
		As you know, Frazer's thesis (along with Jessie Weston and Margaret Murray, and the whole Cambridge Ritualist school) has been, apparently, solidly refuted by subsequent research, and is far out of academic favor.
		Frazer treats magic and religion with scientific neutrality and refuses to grant Judeo-Christianity or mainstream European culture their ordinary prestige and priority.
		The details in Frazer that may have been "refuted" are nowhere near in number or degree the bonehead errors made by Foucault in every discipline he touched (see J.G. Merquior's 1985 exposé, "Foucault").
	www.salon.com /it/col/pagl/1999/03/10pagl.html (969 words)

	Thelemapedia: The Encyclopedia of Thelema & Magick \| James George Frazer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Sir James George Frazer (January 1, 1854 - May 7, 1941 EV), a social anthropologist influential in the early stages of the modern studies of mythology and comparative religion, was born in Glasgow, Scotland.
		Frazer's interest in social anthropology was aroused by reading E.B. Taylor's Primitive Culture (1871 EV) and encouraged by his friend, the biblical scholar W. Robertson-Smith, who was linking the Old Testament with early Hebrew folklore.
		He also published a single volume abridgement, largely compiled by his wife Lady Frazer, in 1922 EV, with some controversial material removed from the text.
	www.thelemapedia.org /index.php/J.G._Frazer (540 words)

	The Nemesis of the White Goddess
		James Frazer's study of the glade Nemi of Diana and its forlorn sacred king was the motivating principle for his renowned 12 volume work on religion and magic "The Golden Bough".
		Multitudes of her statuettes, appropriately clad in the short tunic and high buskins of a huntress, with the quiver slung over her shoulder, have been found on the spot" (Frazer 1890 v1a 1).
		The giving of hair appears to be giving forth of first fertility and is parallelled by the practice in the cult of Astarte at Byblos of shaving of a young woman's hair, or losing her virginity by prostituting herself to a stranger.
	www.dhushara.com /book/diana/diana.htm (3963 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Stirling, Sir James Frazer @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		STIRLING, SIR JAMES FRAZER [Stirling, Sir James Frazer] 1926-92, British architect, b.
		Settling in London, Stirling worked in partnership (1956-63) with James Gowan, and became known for straightforward and functional modernist public buildings executed mainly in brick and rough-finished concrete, e.g., Ham Common flats, London (1957), and the Univ. of Leicester engineering building (1963).
		After he formed (1971) a partnership with Michael Wilford, his stylistic approach changed as he made a transition to architectural postmodernism.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:StrlngJF&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (238 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sir James George Frazer (Anthropology, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Sir James George Frazer (Anthropology, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Anthropology, Biographies > Sir James George Frazer
		Sir James George Frazer 1854–1941, Scottish classicist and anthropologist, b.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Frazer-S.html (314 words)

	James George Frazer \| British Anthropologist \| The Golden Bough \| Questia.com Online Library
		They Studied Man ("James Frazer: Labor Disguised in Ease" begins on p.
		The Study of Culture ("James George Frazer, J. Bachofen, Henry Maine, and Others" begins on p.
		Mastery and Escape: T. Eliot and the Dialectic of Modernism ("The Case of the Missing Abstraction: Eliot, Frazer, and Modernism" begins on p.
	www.questia.com /library/sociology-and-anthropology/james-george-frazer.jsp (435 words)

	Frazer, James George, Folk-Lore in the Old Testament - Satan's Bells for Freedom's Ring?
		Others acknowledge that musical instruments were all associated with the Devil but God saw their value and made them available as weapons against the Devil.
		In the same tribe the god of plenty, by name Wamala, who gave increse of men and cattle and crops, was represented by a prophet, who uttered oracles in the name of the deity.
		When the prophetic fit was on him, this man wore bells on his ankles and two white calf-skins round his waist, with a row of little iron bells dangling from the lower edge of the skins." (Sir James George Frazer, Folk-Lore in the Old Testament, Macmillian, p.
	www.piney.com /MuClangFrazer.html (5187 words)

	Frazer, Sir James George on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Frazer's other writings include Totemism and Exogamy (1910) and its supplement, Totemica (1937); The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead (3 vol., 1913-24); Folklore in the Old Testament (1919, abr.
		Magazines and Newspapers for: Frazer, Sir James George
		Pictures and Maps for: Frazer, Sir James George
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/F/Frazer-S1.asp (495 words)

	The Golden Bough - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion is a broad comparative cultural study of mythology and religion by Scottish anthropologist Sir James George Frazer (1854-1941).
		Aimed at a broad literate audience raised on tales as told in Bulfinchs Age of Fable, Frazer's book joined the modernists in discussing religion dispassionately as a cultural phenomenon, rather than from within the field of theology itself.
		Though the final worth of its contribution to anthropology will be newly summed by each generation, its impact on contemporary European literature was unquestionably grand.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/The_Golden_Bough (271 words)

	Thunderbolt - Gaming Electrified - James Frazer - Features Editor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		James is, by all accounts, a soft southerner residing in North Yorkshire.
		He devides his time between sitting in front of his TV playing games and watching films, browing t'internet and going out a few nights a week to quaff some local ale.
		When not doing one of the above, James can be found wandering through the dales (as he's currently saving for a bike- donations to the email address below) listening to his iPod (which is crammed full of extremely cr...good music) and lapping up the spectacular views up here.
	www.thunderboltgames.com /viewstaff.php?id=3 (377 words)

	MSN Encarta - Frazer, Sir James George
		Frazer, Sir James George (1854-1941), British anthropologist, born in Glasgow, Scotland, and educated at the universities of Glasgow and Cambridge.
		The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion
		Find more about Frazer, Sir James George from
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761554376/Sir_James_Frazer.html (91 words)

	Papers of Sir James George Frazer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Fellow of Trinity College 1879-1941; Professor of Social Anthropology at Liverpool University (non-resident) 1907-22; FRS 1920; Author of The Golden Bough.
		Publications, manuscripts and proofs 1884-1948; notes and articles used for research 1894-1934; diaries of visits to Spain and Rome 1883, 1900; correspondence 1889-1940; correspondence of Lady Frazer 1902-41; notes and articles by Lady Frazer 1895-1928.
		There is further Frazer material in the additional manuscripts series, other Frazer material is catalogued as R.8.43-45, O.11.36-44 and O.11.47-48.
	rabbit.trin.cam.ac.uk /~jon/Msscolls/Frazer.html (76 words)

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