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	James Keir Hardie.
		James Keir Hardie was born born in a one-roomed cottage on August 15th, 1856, his Mother Mary was a servant in Lanarkshire, she became pregnant, but was unmarried, so "Keir" came into this world under a cloud.
		Keir Hardie was escorted to Parliament by his constituents in a charabanc on which a small brass band was playing.
		Keir Hardie was elected Labour leader in the House of Commons, he held the position until 1908 when he resigned from the post.
	www.pitwork.net /jkhardie.htm (1037 words)

	Hardie, (James) Keir - MSN Encarta
		Hardie was one of the founders of the ILP in January 1893, a democratic socialist party.
		Hardie was opposed to the Marxist Social Democratic Federation, the other sizeable socialist party, and sought an alliance with the trade unions.
		Hardie was a solitary and often introspective man. His marriage mattered to him, yet he had several affairs, including with Sylvia Pankhurst (an affair which meant much to both).
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_781531046/Hardie_(James)_Keir.html (867 words)

	BBC - History - James Keir Hardie (1856 - 1915)
		James Keir Hardie was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland on 15 August 1856, the illegitimate son of a servant, Mary Keir.
		Keir Hardie was sent to work as a baker's delivery boy aged eight without any schooling, and was the sole wage-earner of the family.
		Keir Hardie was elected leader of the party in the House of Commons, but was not very good at dealing with internal rivalries and he resigned from the post in 1908.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/keir_hardie_james.shtml (424 words)

	James Kier Hardy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		James Keir Hardie was born on 15th August 1856 the illegitimate son of Mary Keir.
		Hardie however lost his seat in the 1895 General Election and for the next few years spent his time organizing the Labour Party.
		James Keir Hardie died of a stroke on 25th September, 1915 some say the slaughter and waste of life caused by the war had broken him.
	www.scotlandvacations.com /hardie.htm (272 words)

	Keir Hardie -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Keir Hardie was born in 1856, the illegitimate son of Mary Keir, a servant from Legbrannock in (Click link for more info and facts about Lanarkshire) Lanarkshire.
		Although raised an atheist, Hardie was converted to (A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior) Christianity, and became a lay preacher at the Evangelical Union Church.
		The request was refused and Hardie made a speech attacking the (An autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority) monarchy, which resulted in uproar in the (The lower house of the British parliament) House of Commons and, in 1895, he lost his seat.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/k/ke/keir_hardie.htm (1244 words)

	James Keir Hardie
		In June 1894, Hardie suggested to the House of Commons that a message of condolence to the relatives of the 251 coal miners killed by an explosion in a colliery near Pontypridd, Wales, should be added to an address of congratulations on the birth of a royal heir (the future Edward VIII).
		Hardie was defeated in the 1895 General Election and over the next five years devoted most of his energy to improving the organisation of the Independent Labour Party.
		Hardie was elected leader of the party in the House of Commons, but was not very good with dealing with internal rivalries within the party, and in 1908 resigned from the post.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /PRhardie.htm (3013 words)

	James Keir Hardie - LoveToKnow 1911
		"JAMES KEIR HARDIE (1856-1915), British Labour politician, was born at Newarthill in Lanarkshire Aug. 15 1856.
		His father, a ship's carpenter, was frequently out of work owing to illness and the decline of his trade, and his mother had to go out to work soon after her son was horn.
		This page was last modified 16:09, 3 Sep 2006.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /James_Keir_Hardie (432 words)

	James Keir Hardie - Encyclopedia.com
		James Keir Hardie, 1856-1915, British labor leader and socialist, b.
		He was a founder (1893) and first president (1893-1900) of the Independent Labour party and was instrumental in forming (1900) the Labour Representation Committee, which became the Labour party.
		James Keir Hardie was one of the country's first...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-HardieJ.html (822 words)

	JCS Archive: James Keir Hardie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		By the death of Comrade James Keir Hardie labour has lost one of its most fearless and incorruptible champions, and the world one of its highest minded and purest souls.
		James Keir Hardie was to the labour movement a prophetic anticipation of its own possibilities.
		When the vultures of capital descended upon Dublin, resolved to make Dublin the grave of the new unionism, James Keir Hardie was one of the first to take his stand in the gap of danger by our sides.
	www.wageslave.org /jcs/archive/151002a.html (244 words)

	Prophets, Priests and Kings - James Keir Hardie
		And, whether you like him or not, Keir Hardie was a rock, too, in those days when he stood, gloomy and alone, in the midst of the Amalekites.
		Keir Hardie, who shares Carlyle's rage with the world as well as Carlyle's dialect and gloomy brow, is " gey ill to live wi'," too.
		Keir Hardie is solitary and menacing an embodied theory.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles28/prophets-priests-kings-9.shtml (1723 words)

	scottish heritage - genealogy scotland - clans - scottish associations - historical attractions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Hardie had a house in Cumnock, which he was to regard as his home for the rest of his life.
		Hardie was a tireless campaigner, and another of his great passions was feminism: he supported the fledgling suffragette movement in its campaign for votes for women.
		Hardie was chosen to lead the ILP's parliamentary party, but by this stage but the years were beginning to take their toll: he had to resign the following year for health reasons.
	www.scotlandonline.com /heritage/heritage_period.cfm?tl_id=1&id=45 (1393 words)

	What year did Keir Hardie make a speech in Aberavon? in The AnswerBank: People & Places
		James Keir Hardie (1856-1915) became one of the greatest heroes of British socialism, founded the Independent Labour Party and was the first socialist MP in Wales.
		James Keir Hardie, was the illegitimate son of Mary Keir, a servant from Legbrannock, Lanarkshire, Scotland.
		In 1900, Hardie was elected MP for Merthyr Tydfil, South Wales, it was then that I believe he made his speech in Aberavon, and soon Labour made a pact with the Liberals that they would not stand against each other in 30 constituencies in the next election.
	www.theanswerbank.co.uk /Article663.html (544 words)

	James Keir Baxter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		James Keir Baxter (June 29, 1926—October 22, 1972) was a New Zealand poet, and a controversial figure in New Zealand society.
		Baxter was born in Dunedin to Archibald Baxter and Millicent Brown He was named after James Keir Hardie, a founder of the British Labour Party.
		His father was a farmer and had been a conscientious objector during the First World War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_K._Baxter (918 words)

	James Keir Hardie Biography / Biography of James Keir Hardie Biography
		Keir Hardie was born on Aug. 15, 1856, at Legbrannock, Lanarkshire, the illegitimate son of Mary Keir, domestic, and William Aitken, miner.
		Hardie's election to Parliament for South West Ham in 1892 as an Independent Labour candidate won attention; publicity increased with his appearance at Westminster in a cloth cap, his maiden speech on the misery of the unemployed, and his dissent from congratulations on the birth (1894) of the future Edward VIII.
		Hardie presided at the Bradford conference which inaugurated the Independent Labour party (ILP), pledged to socialism and intended as a weapon against unconverted Gladstonian Liberals.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-james-keir-hardie (600 words)

	Hardy — FactMonster.com
		Oliver Hardy - Oliver Hardy (Norvell Hardy) actor Born: 1/18/1892 Birthplace: Harlem, Georgia The portly half of...
		Alexandre Hardy - Hardy, Alexandre Hardy, Alexandre, b.
		James Keir Hardie - Hardie, James Keir Hardie, James Keir, 1856–1915, British labor leader and socialist, b.
	www.factmonster.com /dictionary/brewers/hardy.html (202 words)

	Scotsman.com Heritage & Culture - Timeline
		JAMES IV's incursion into England in support of France ended in disastrous defeat with 10,000 Scots dead - including the King.
		THE FIRST King of Great Britain, James came to the Scottish throne at the age of one when his mother Mary was exiled.
		AFTER becoming the family breadwinner at age eight, James Keir Hardie went on to political prominence through his people-power movement.
	heritage.scotsman.com /timelines.cfm (2134 words)

	Keir Hardie
		As a pacifist Hardie opposed the First World War and tried to organise a national strike in opposition to Britain’s participation.
		Stewart, William J.Keir Hardie: a biography, with introduction by J. Ramsey Macdonald.
		Hardie, James Keir Keir Hardie`s speeches and writings: from 1888 to 1915.
	www.agor.org.uk /cwm/themes/people/keir_hardie.asp (218 words)

	James Keir Hardie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		By the death of Comrade James Keir Hardie labour has lost one of its most fearless and incorruptible champions, and the world one of its highest minded and purest souls.
		James Keir Hardie was to the labour movement a prophetic anticipation of its own possibilities.
		When the vultures of capital descended upon Dublin, resolved to make Dublin the grave of the new unionism, James Keir Hardie was one of the first to take his stand in the gap of danger by our sides.
	www.rcgfrfi.easynet.co.uk /ww/connolly/1915-jkh.htm (260 words)

	Heroes&Famous Scots (H) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Hardie had a tough upbringing, having to start working when he was eight and then straight down the mines when he reached the tender age of ten.
		Hardie was soon in trouble with the mine owners because of his union activities and was fllisted from the pits.
		Hardie was not to be beaten and moved to Ayr, where he became the secretary of the local miners organisation.
	www.royalhouseofstewart.org.uk /heroesh.htm (794 words)

	Cunninghame Graham, Robert Bontine (1852-1936).
		Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham, co-founder (with Keir Hardie) of the Scottish Labour Party, and later the SNP's first president, was born on 24 May 1852 in London, where his father Major William Bontine Graham served with the Scots Greys.
		With his friend and fellow miners' campaigner James Keir Hardie (born Legbrannock near Holytown, Lanarkshire 15 August 1856; died Cumnock, Ayrshire 2 September 1915), Cunninghame Graham founded the Scottish Labour Party on 19 May 1888, and was its first president.
		Hardie stood unsuccessfully as Parliamentary candidate in Mid-Lanark in that year, but was returned as Independent Labour Party M.P. for the London constituency of West Ham South (1892-95).
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/9172/r_b_cunninghame_graham.html (710 words)

	Keir Hardie. - About maritime London - Port Cities
		Hardie was elected MP to Merthyr Tydfil in 1900 and was one of only two Labour MPs in Parliament.
		In 1906 Hardie was elected leader of the party in the House of Commons, but was not very good at dealing with internal rivalries and he resigned from the post in 1908.
		Hardie was also famous for his support of women's suffrage, an unpopular view to hold at the time.
	www.portcities.org.uk /london/server/show/conMediaFile.4666/Keir-Hardie.html (292 words)

	Our history
		Hardie decided to stand in Mid-Lanark as an independent labour candidate, ie a labour candidate standing independently of the Liberal Party.
		Hardie's manifesto included regulation of health and safety in the mining industry, the introduction of an eight-hour maximum working day, votes and political rights for women, and home rule for Scotland.
		Hardie and Cunninghame-Graham represented the party at the inaugural conference of the Socialist International in Paris in 1889, and at the 1892 general election Scottish Labour fielded five candidates - though unsuccessfully.
	www.scottishlabour.org.uk /ourhistory (1578 words)

	Labour Party (UK) Online Research :: Information about Labour Party (UK) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Only 15 candidatures were sponsored, but two were successful: Keir Hardie in Merthyr Tydfil and Richard Bell in Derby.
		James Keir Hardie, who had taken a leading role in getting the party established, was elected as Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (in effect, the Leader), although only by one vote over David Shackleton after several ballots.
		The ILP under James Maxton disaffiliated from the Labour Party in 1932, removing a substantial proportion of the left of the party from membership.
	in-northcarolina.com /search/British_Labour_Party.html (4753 words)

	Personal Information
		There are Keir Streets in Glasgow, Edinburgh, and a village called Bridge of Allan.
		Becker, Keir: Professor of Marine Geology and Geophysics at the University of Miami.
		Hardie, Keir: Probably the most famous Keir of all, he founded the British Independent Labour Party in 1893.
	www.geocities.com /SunsetStrip/Palladium/7195/keir/info.html (490 words)

	James William Seamark 1865 – 1951
		James himself rose from the Poorhouse [1871], apprentice, member of the Trade Union movement [1888], formed the Bedford Trade Council [1904], first Secretary of the Bedford Labour Party [1918], Town Councilor [1906-1922] and became a JP [1923].
		James backed the pumping method but was trumped by Mr Wells of the Brewing Family who at his own expense sunk a artisan well to supply Bedford.
		Keir Hardie has jeered and applauded whilst he discussed the following topics; What is Socialism, Jingoism in India, Women Suffrage and the Right to Work, Education, The Budget followed by Questions and Answers.
	www.cb5.co.uk /labour.htm (758 words)

	The Clapham Sect & The Socialists
		One of those who became convinced of this was James Keir Hardie, a trade union leader and lay preacher for the Evangelical Union Church.
		Later, Hardie was to become the founder of the Labour Party." 50.
		"James Martineau, the brother of Harriet Martineau, was the leading English Unitarian in the middle of the 19th century....In the 19th century Unitarians were very active in the movements for factory reform, public health, prison reform, temperance, women's rights and the abolition of slavery.
	www.seekgod.ca /socialists.htm (2812 words)

	East Ayrshire Council: Tourism: Famous People - Politics
		Born in Legbrannoch in Lanarkshire, James Keir Hardie began work at the age of eight as a baker's delivery boy.
		The poverty and distress of life in the mines caused Keir Hardie to agitate for better conditions.
		Andrew Fisher was born in Orr's Land, Crosshouse on the 22 nd August 1862, the 2nd of a family of 6 sons and a daughter born to Robert Fisher and Jane Garven.
	www.east-ayrshire.gov.uk /comser/tourism/famous_politics.asp (848 words)

	AllRefer.com - James Keir Hardie (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		James Keir Hardie, British And Irish History, Biographies
		James Keir Hardie[kEr´ hAr´dE] Pronunciation Key, 1856–1915, British labor leader and socialist, b.
		He was a founder (1893) and first president (1893–1900) of the Independent Labour party and was instrumental in forming (1900) the Labour Representation Committee, which became the Labour party.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/HardieJ.html (221 words)

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