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	James Lovelock - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In early 1961, Lovelock was engaged by NASA to develop sensitive instruments for the analysis of extraterrestrial atmospheres and planetary surfaces.
		To Lovelock, the stark contrast between the Martian atmosphere and chemically-dynamic mixture of that of the Earth was strongly indicative of the absence of life on the planet.
		Lovelock is currently president of the Marine Biological Association, was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1974, and in 1990 was awarded the first Dr.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_Lovelock (1083 words)

	Gaia theory (science) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lovelock's initial hypothesis, accused of being teleological by his critics, was that Gaia atmosphere is kept in homeostasis by and for the biosphere.
		Lovelock suggested that life on Earth provides a cybernetic, homeostatic feedback system operated automatically and unconsciously by the biota, leading to broad stabilization of global temperature and chemical composition.
		Lovelock responded to criticisms with the mathematical Daisyworld model (1983), first to prove the existence of feedback mechanisms, second to demonstrate it was possible that control of the global biomass could occur without consciousness being involved.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gaia_hypothesis (3862 words)

	James Lovelock - Wikipedia
		Lovelock hat den Elektroneneinfangdetektor (ECD) entwickelt, der in der Umweltanalytik von großer Bedeutung ist.
		Lovelock machte seinen Bachelor in Chemie an der Universität Manchester (1941).
		James Lovelock hat über 200 wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen in Medizin, Biologie, Instrumentenforschung und Geophysiologie verfasst und über 50 Patente angemeldet, zumeist für Detektoren die in der chemischen Analyse ihre Anwendung finden.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_Lovelock (423 words)

	James Lovelock, Gaia's grand old man - Salon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lovelock is the inventor of the electron capture detector, a palm-size chamber that detects man-made chemicals in minute concentrations.
		Lovelock concluded that life -- microbes, plants and animals constantly metabolizing matter into energy, converting sunlight into nutrients, emitting and absorbing gas -- is what causes the Earth's atmosphere to be so, well, lively.
		Lovelock and Margulis, considered coauthor of the Gaia theory, soon discovered other bits of "good fortune." Although the sun has strengthened steadily, the Earth's surface temperature has stayed comfortable for life for hundreds of millions of years.
	dir.salon.com /people/feature/2000/08/17/lovelock (896 words)

	ScienceDaily: James Lovelock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		James Ephraim Lovelock (born July 26, 1919), FRS, is an independent scientist, author, researcher and environmentalist who lives in Cornwall, in the south west of Great Britain.
		During work towards this program, Lovelock became interested in the composition of the Martian atmosphere, reasoning that any lifeforms on Mars would be obliged to make use of it (and, thus, alter it).
		James Lovelock -- James Ephraim Lovelock (born July 26, 1919), FRS, is an independent scientist, author, researcher and environmentalist who lives in Cornwall, in the south west of Great Britain.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/james_lovelock (2313 words)

	Peak Energy: James Lovelock’s Gloomy Vision
		RealClimate has a post on James Lovelock's "Gaia's Revenge" that looks at both the history of his Gaia theory and the likelihood of his prediction that humanity will be reduced to a few breeding pairs in the Arctic by catastrophic climate change.
		Lovelock also points out that the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere has been remarkably stable over the half-billion years since multicellular life appeared in the fossil record, never high enough to explode (doubled atmospheric oxygen would lead to unstoppable continent-scale forest fires), nor low enough to wipe out the animals.
		Lovelock’s bold leap was to envision life on Earth as a single unified organism, capable of regulating the environment on Earth for its own well-being, analogous to the way that you or I regulate the temperature and chemistry of our bodies.
	peakenergy.blogspot.com /2006/02/james-lovelocks-gloomy-vision.html (1857 words)

	James Lovelock
		James Lovelock is one of the world's foremost scientists, best known for developing the "Gaia Theory", which views Earth as a living biological organism.
		Lovelock now argues that time is running out, and if we do not work to reverse the damage caused by decades of casual exploitation of a fragile environment, it will soon be too late.
		In a profoundly pessimistic 2006 article, Lovelock issued an urgent call for the world's nations to tightly budget their use of the earth's resources, to sustain civilization for as long as possible.
	www.nndb.com /people/283/000024211 (412 words)

	James Lovelock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		James Ephraim Lovelock (born July 26, 1919) is an independent scientist, author, researcher and environmentalist who lives in Cornwall, in the west of England.
		A lifelong inventor, some of his inventions were adopted by NASA in their program of planetary exploration.
		Lovelock is currently president of the Marine Biological Association, was elected a FRS in 1974, and in 1990 was awarded the first Amsterdam Prize for the Environment by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
	www.bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/j/ja/james_lovelock.html (247 words)

	About James Lovelock and Nuclear Power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		James Lovelock : independent scientist, environmentalist, author and researcher, Doctor Honoris Causa of several universities throughout the world, he is considered since several decades as a one of the main ideological leaders, if not the main one, in the history of the development of environmental awareness.
		James Lovelock is still today one of the main authors in the environmental field.
		James Ephraim Lovelock (born in Letchworth Garden City July 26, 1919) is an independent scientist, author, researcher and environmentalist who lives in Cornwall, in the west of England.
	www.sullivan-county.com /immigration/e1.htm (1623 words)

	StockInterview.com - Earth’s Population to Drop by 80 Percent, Says Top U.K. Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lovelock summarized why his forecast is dire and probably irreversible, “Everybody forgets the greatest damage we’ve done to the earth is not so much the emissions from greenhouse gases, but taking away the natural resistance from the farmland ecosystem.
		Our conversation with Dr. Lovelock led us to believe his book is his sternest warning to the world’s politicians and scientists to speed up their embrace of nuclear energy in order to avert a very possible series of catastrophic events, which may come to us in the decades ahead.
		James Lovelock is the author of more than 200 scientific papers and the originator of the Gaia Hypothesis (now Gaia Theory).
	www.stockinterview.com /lovelock.html (2207 words)

	Lecture 1 - The Evolving Gaia Theory
		James Lovelock is not part of a university, research institute, or business firm.
		During his visit to UNU, Lovelock spoke of the evolution of the Earth and of the living organisms that inhabit it, and how these led to the Gaia theory, which sees the Earth as an active self-regulating system.
		James Hutton's wholesome view of our planet as a superorganism that participated in the recycling of the rocks faded away during the fierce battles between the church and science over creation or evolution.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/lecture1.html (5212 words)

	Trinidad News, Trinidad Newspaper, Trinidad Sports, Trinidad politics, Trinidad and Tobago, Tobago News, Trinidad ...
		When James Lovelock calls for a massive expansion in nuclear power generation to ward off the worst effects of climate change, as he did in a front-page article in The Independent this week, you have to pay attention.
		Lovelock is an independent scientist who grew wealthy by inventing equipment to measure the presence of CFCs, the chemicals used in spray cans and refrigerators that were destroying the ozone layer before they were banned.
		Lovelock has always been worried about radical climate change, because the essence of the Gaia hypothesis is that the current composition of the Earth's air and seas-the global temperature regime, the salinity of the oceans, even the proportion of oxygen in the atmosphere-has been shaped over the eons by the activity of living things.
	www.trinidadexpress.com /index.pl/article_opinion?id=24203423 (756 words)

	James Lovelock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lovelock is currently president of the Marine Association was elected a FRS in 1974 and in 1990 was the first Amsterdam Prize for the Environment the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and An independent scientist inventor and author Lovelock out of a barn-turned-laboratory in Cornwall.
		Lovelock was among the first researchers to the alarm about the threat from the greenhouse effect.
		Lovelock's adventure into the theory of Gaia is an interesting experience that is worth the read.
	www.freeglossary.com /James_Lovelock (599 words)

	Science Show - 17/11/01: James Lovelock
		James Lovelock: I see in the end that we must get our energy from renewable resources but I don’t see it happening in under 50 years.
		James Lovelock: The intriguing thing to me is the method I suggested NASA use back in 1960’s for finding life on Mars was to look at Mars’s atmosphere and see if it was close to what’s called the chemical equilibrium state or whether it showed signs of life on it.
		James Lovelock: If you were on a star ship a parsec away from the earth and with a good enough telescope to resolve it you could say instantly yes, that planet has life, it’s carbon based and it’s industrial without any trouble at all using current instruments.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/ss/stories/s421192.htm (849 words)

	WorldChanging: Another World Is Here: Lovelock: 'Only nuclear power can now halt global warming'
		Perhaps the category for this post should be "a nuclear electric green." James Lovelock, who with Lynn Margulis formulated the Gaia Hypothesis, says that a massive expansion of nuclear power as the world's main energy source is required to mitigate the effects of global warming.
		The same issue also includes an article noting that Lovelock was one of the first to warn of the potential disastrous impact of client change, and a piece about significant indicators of potentially catastrophic change: the rapid melting of the Arctic ice sheet covering Greenland, and the extreme heatwave in western central Europe last summer.
		Lovelock (in his editorial) makes a compelling case that climate change is happening faster and will be more disruptive than is commonly believed.
	www.worldchanging.com /archives/000746.html (2406 words)

	RealClimate » James Lovelock’s Gloomy Vision
		Lovelock argues that a cooler land surface retains water better; a warm land surface is either desert or it could be rain forest, which has learned tricks to recycle water efficiently but is very fragile and would collapse with any further warming.
		Lovelock, J.E., and L. Margulis, Atmospheric homeostasis by and for the biosphere: the gaia hypothesis, Tellus, 26, 2-9, 1974.
		Lovelock had a short article summarizing his book in "The Independent" a few weeks ago; I think the main issue with his analysis is that he assumes we won't respond on a scale sufficient to meet the challenge.
	www.realclimate.org /index.php?p=256 (18910 words)

	Nuclear reactor - [Sunday Herald]
		James Lovelock was the darling of the greens, a pioneer who saw the Earth as a self-regulating entity under threat from global warming … then a wind farm was planned near his home
		Initially ridiculed, Lovelock’s famous “Gaia theory”, which proposed that the planet was one living organism with a series of connected systems that controlled climate and temperature, has since become the standard explanation for the changes to our rapidly warming world.
		Lovelock devotedly studies the planet and concludes that it’s already too late to prevent the change; the lush, comfortable world we have become used to will disappear very rapidly.
	www.sundayherald.com /53996 (1219 words)

	The Gaia Hypothesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lovelock defines Gaia "as a complex entity involving the Earth's biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and soil; the totality constituting a feedback or cybernetic system which seeks an optimal physical and chemical environment for life on this planet." Through Gaia, the Earth sustains a kind of homeostasis, the maintenance of relatively constant conditions.
		James Hutton (1726-1797), the father of geology, once described the Earth as a kind of superorganism.
		Lovelock initially suggested that life itself maintained the composition of the atmosphere, but has broadened the concept to include the whole system of the climate, the rocks, the air, and the oceans as a self-regulating process.
	www.oceansonline.com /gaiaho.htm (4185 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| World 'appeasing' climate threat
		Professor Lovelock won acclaim for developing the Gaia Hypothesis, which suggests the Earth functions as a single organism which maintains the conditions necessary for its survival.
		Professor Lovelock said: "In the late 1930s when I was a student we knew that war was imminent, but there was no clear idea of what to do about it.
		Professor Lovelock said global warming was "the response of our outraged planet", and the consequences for humanity were likely to be far worse than any war.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/3766831.stm (729 words)

	The Gaia Hypothesis
		Together with scientist Dian Hitchcock, Lovelock examined the atmospheric data for the Martian atmosphere and found it to be in a state of stable chemical equilibrium, while the Earth was shown to be in a state of extreme chemical disequilibrium.
		In that same year, Lovelock began to think that such an unlikely combination of gases such as the Earth had, indicated a homeostatic of the Earth biosphere to maintain environmental conditions conducive for life, in a sort of cybernetic feedback loop, an active (but non-teleological) control system.
		Dr Lovelock suggests that Gaia is at work to keep the oxygen content of the atmosphere high and within the range that all oxygen-breathing animals require.
	www.kheper.net /topics/Gaia/Gaia_Hypothesis.htm (1086 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: James Lovelock
		In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of species.
		Global monthly average total ozone amount The term Ozone depletion is used to describe two distinct, but related, observations: a slow, steady decline, of about 3% per decade, in the total amount of ozone in the earths stratosphere during the past twenty years, and a much larger, but seasonal...
		Lovelock presented a new version of the Gaia Hypothesis, which abandoned any attempt to argue that Gaia intentionally or consciously maintained the complex balance in her environment that life needed to survive.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/James-Lovelock (2591 words)

	James Lovelock's Gaian despair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		James Lovelock, an independent scientist, author, researcher and environmentalist, has written an OpEd for the Independent Online that is receiving a fair amount of attention.
		Lovelock is fairly certain that we’ve passed the point of no return and that the only thing to do now is to maximize the time we have left before extinction.
		There’s a part of me that believes the planet is now officially fucked and that we’ve entered into the opening salvo of a runaway greenhouse effect (ie similar to the effect as it occurs on Venus where the interaction of the greenhouse effect with other processes results in feedback cycles).
	ieet.org /index.php/IEET/articles/dvorsky20060123 (711 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Revenge of Gaia: Why the Earth Is Fighting Back - and How We Can Still Save Humanity: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lovelock says that nearly all the processes that affect the climate of the earth are now in positive feedback, and he gives six examples of these processes.
		Lovelock doesn't try and convince the reader that global warming is happening but takes it for granted, so if you are a sceptic this is not the book for you; and he doesn't go into any great detail about specific issues.
		Mr Lovelock also has doubts about any country that needs to resource beyond its borders in a world where civilisation breaks down, yet in the UK we are beginning to depend on French electricity and Russian gas rendering future national secuirity impossible.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0713999144 (2255 words)

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