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	James Nasmyth
		James Nasmyth (August 19th[?], 1802 - 1890) was an engineer and inventor famous for his development of the steam hammer.
		James was sent to the High School where he had as a friend Jemmy Patterson[?], the son of a local iron founder.
		Nasmyth thought the matter over and seeing the obvious defects of the tilt-hammer[?], that a small object was struck a heavy blow while a large object, which required a much heavier blow, received only a light one, sketched out his idea for the first steam hammer.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ja/James_Nasmyth.html (766 words)

	Alexander Nasmyth - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		ALEXANDER NASMYTH (1758-1840), Scottish portrait and landscape painter, was born in Edinburgh on the 9 th of September 1758.
		Nasmyth returned to Edinburgh in 1778, and was soon largely patronized as a portrait painter.
		Nasmyth was also largely employed by noblemen throughout the country in the improving and beautifying of their estates, in which his fine taste rendered him especially skilful; and he was known as an architect, having designed the Dean Bridge, Edinburgh, and the graceful circular temple covering St Bernard's Well.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Alexander_Nasmyth (462 words)

	JAMES NASMYTH his Autobiography: Preface
		Nasmyth, nevertheless, kindly furnished me with information respecting himself, as well as his former master and instructor, Henry Maudslay, of London, for the purpose of being inserted in Industrial Biography, or Ironworkers and Toolmakers, which was published at the end of 1863.
		Nasmyth has furnished me with abundant notes of his busy life, and he has requested me, in preparing them for publication, to "make use of the pruning-knife." I hope, however, that in editing the book I have not omitted anything that is likely to be interesting or instructive.
		Nasmyth said some years ago, "that amidst all our vaunted improvements in education, the faculty of comparison by sight, or what may be commonly called the correctness of eye, has been so little attended to" He accordingly urges the teaching of rudimentary drawing in all public schools.
	www.anvilfire.com /21centbs/stories/James_Nasmyth/prface.htm (991 words)

	James Nasmyth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		James used to drink in with pleasure and profit the conversation which passed between his father and his visitors on scientific and mechanical subjects; and as he became older, the resolve grew stronger in him every day that he would be a mechanical engineer, and nothing else.
		Nasmyth gave permission to communicate his plans to such forge proprietors as might feel disposed to erect such a hammer to execute the proposed work,--the only condition which he made being, that in the event of his hammer being adopted, he was to be allowed to supply it according to his own design.
		Nasmyth's observations," says he, "made with a very fine telescope of his own making, the bright surface of the sun consists of separate, insulated, individual objects or things, all nearly or exactly of one certain definite size and shape, which is more like that of a willow leaf, as he describes them, than anything else.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/other/nasmyth_james.htm (6541 words)

	James Nasmyth Summary
		James Nasmyth (1808-1890) was an inventor and contributed greatly to the inventions of power tools, most notably the steam hammer.
		James Nasmyth invented the steam hammer, one of the integral contributions to the industrial revolution in Europe.
		Nasmyth was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on August 19, 1808, the son of an artist.
	www.bookrags.com /James_Nasmyth (1877 words)

	No. 387: James Nasmyth
		Nasmyth would grow up to become an engineer in the 19th-century industrial world all this had created.
		Young James was raised in his father's workroom.
		Nasmyth made a life's work of rendering the dreams of the 18th-century Industrial Revolution into the heavy machinery of the 19th century.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi387.htm (449 words)

	Tilt Hammer - Steel City Founders - James Nasmyth
		James began exploring the development of the steam-engine at the age of 15 by building his own models and selling them.
		Nasmyth invented a steam hammer where the lift was of sufficient height to produce the force of blow required for such an undertaking and where the direction could be controlled to give the necessary accuracy.
		James Nasmyth retired in 1856 and died in 1890.
	www.tilthammer.com /bio/nas.html (539 words)

	Engineering 5101: Lecture 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		While it is clear that Nasmyth did not complete a degree or diploma in science or engineering in the modern sense he did, however, attend some lecture courses in physics, mathematics, and chemistry at the University, in parallel with night courses at a technical college.
		James Nasmyth's father, Alexander, was a noted portrait and landscape artist, and James inherited and acquired some of his father's artistic skills which stood him in good stead in engineering.
		James Nasmyth also explicitly credits much of his success to his visual imagination, with which he was able to visualize mechanisms before putting his ideas on paper.
	www.engr.mun.ca /~gpeters/greats.html (6115 words)

	JAMES NASMYTH: Autobiography - Notes on Samuel Smiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		After Duty, came the life of James Nasmyth, which, cast in the form of an autobiography, was published in 1883.
		Nasmyth was not one of the usual Smiles heroes, but a man of education and background, the inventor of the steam hammer.
		Nasmyth called upon him one afternoon on the biography quest, he succumbed, later explaining his consent by saying that Nasmyth was full of originality, and had had a most interesting life.
	www.anvilfire.com /21centbs/stories/James_Nasmyth/smiles.htm (387 words)

	James Nasmyth - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		NASMYTH, JAMES (1808-1890), Scottish engineer, was born in Edinburgh on the 19th of August 1808, and was the youngest son of Alexander Nasmyth, the "father of Scottish landscape art." He was sent to school in his native city, and then attended classes in chemistry, mathematics and natural philosophy at the university.
		It was designed to meet the difficulty experienced by the builders of the Great Britain steamship in finding a firm that would undertake to forge the large paddle-wheel shaft required for that vessel, but no machine of the kind was constructed till 1842.
		Nasmyth did much for the improvement of machine-tools, and his inventive genius devised many new appliances - a planingmachine ("Nasmyth steam-arm"), a nut-shaping machine, steam pile-driver, hydraulic machinery for various purposes, andc.
	www.1911ency.org /N/NA/NASMYTH_JAMES.htm (342 words)

	Eccles and District History Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		James Nasmyth was born in Edinburgh in 1808.
		James was also a talented artist-the picture above is a self-portrait.
		From an early age James showed an interest and a talent for things mechanical and as a youth he was taken on as an apprentice by Henry Mawdsley, one of the leading engineers of the day.
	www.colsal.org.uk /sites/edhs/JamesNasmyth.asp (199 words)

	Alexander Nasmyth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alexander Nasmyth (9 September 1758–10 April 1840) was a Scottish portrait and landscape painter, often called the “father of Scottish landscape painting".
		Born in Edinburgh, he studied at the Trustees’ Academy under Alexander Runciman, and, having been apprenticed as an heraldic painter to a coachbuilder, he, at the age of sixteen, attracted the attention of Allan Ramsay, who took the youth with him to London, and employed him upon the subordinate portions of his works.
		His youngest son, James Nasmyth, was the well-known inventor of the steam hammer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alexander_Nasmyth (536 words)

	Alexander Nasmyth - Naesmyth.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Father of both James Hall Nasmyth and Patrick Nasmyth, Alexander was a renown portrait artist.
		Nasmyth's portraits of Burns are perhaps not the most representative of his likeness (Alexander Reid's portrait which is in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery apparently was) but they are the best known.
		Originally commissioned by William Creech (Nasmyth waived the fee) to adorn the front of the Edinburgh edition of Burns' poems.
	www.naesmyth.com /image_12.htm (321 words)

	Highlights of the Photograph Collections - Digital Library - National Library of Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The use of photography in scientific documentation had its origins in some of the earliest photographs taken during the 'era of experimentation' in the 1830s and 1840s, but as the century progressed, and as photography developed, a new generation of scientists began to see new potential for the medium.
		The book The Moon: Considered as a Planet, a World, and a Satellite by the Scottish scientists James Carpenter (1840-1899) and James Nasmyth (1808-1890) was published to demonstrate the origin of certain mountain ranges on the moon through erosion and age.
		In this image Nasmyth made natural yet startling comparisons of the moon to the back of a hand and a shrivelled apple.
	www.nls.uk /digitallibrary/photograph/james_nasmyth.htm (148 words)

	Guggenheim Museum - Exhibitions - Speaking with Hands: Photographs from the Buhl Collection - Highlights
		Nasmyth's greatest historical contribution, however, was in the field of engineering: In 1842, he patented his steam hammer, which radically transformed the practice of casting metal and was a key development in Britain's industrial revolution.
		Nasmyth retired from engineering in 1856, and spent the last thirty-four years of his life pursuing another great love: astronomy.
		This idea of contraction was a variation of the widely held nineteenth-century view of terrestrial geology—the theory of plate tectonics was devised only in the 1960s—but Nasmyth's and Carpenter's metaphoric leap to the physiology of the hand was entirely their own.
	www.guggenheim.org /exhibitions/buhl/highlights07.html (249 words)

	Nasmyth, Alexander - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Nasmyth, Alexander, 1758-1840, Scottish landscape and portrait painter.
		His son and pupil, Patrick Nasmyth, 1787-1831, was a celebrated landscapist.
		His At Penshurst, Kent is in the Metropolitan Museum.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-nasmytha.html (210 words)

	Nasmyth, Patrick 1787-1831 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Patrick Nasmyth was born in Edinburgh on 7th.
		One of his brothers was James Nasmyth, the engineer.
		Patrick Nasmyth had an early love of nature and often played truant from school to sketch the surrounding countryside.
	www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk /Nasmyth_Patrick.html (430 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Nasmyth was brought up in an artistic family, made a fortune as a manufacturer and inventor, and retired to take up astronomy.
		He built his own 20" reflector in 1842 (inventing the Nasmyth focus in the process), and began to concentrate on lunar studies.
		Nasmyth brought photography to the aid of selenography in an unusual manner.
	search.lindahall.org /events_exhib/exhibit/exhibits/moon/p20.htm (266 words)

	Making the Modern World - James Nasmyth
		In 1834 James and George set up their own engineering works in Manchester, specialising in making and improving machine tools, a field they soon dominated.
		James is usually credited with the invention of the steam hammer in 1839, which he patented in 1842.
		The brothers were so successful commercially that James could afford to retire in 1856, aged just 48.
	www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk /people/BG.0098 (181 words)

	James Nasmyth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He eventually decided to move to and eventually settled in Patricroft, an area in the town of Eccles, Lancashire.
		He co-wrote The Moon : Considered as a Planet, a World, and a Satellite with James Carpenter (1840–1899).
		This book contains an interesting series of "lunar" photographs: because photography was not yet advanced enough to take actual pictures of the Moon, Nasmyth built plaster models based on his visual observations of the Moon and then photographed the models.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_Nasmyth (864 words)

	Nasmyth focus
		It is formed by placing a third mirror (tertiary) so as to direct the beam along the altitude axis and through a hole in the supporting trunnions.
		Nasmyth foci enable bulky instruments to be mounted on a permanent platform that needs to rotate only in azimuth; they are commonly used with large modern telescopes, especially for spectrographic work.
		Named after the Scottish engineer James Nasmyth (1808-1890), best known for his invention of the steam hammer.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/N/Nasmyth_focus.html (161 words)

	scottish heritage - genealogy scotland - clans - scottish associations - historical attractions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Born 19 August 1808 in Edinburgh, the son of the artist Alexander Nasmyth, James was educated at Edinburgh High School and the School of Arts.
		Nasmyth's special focus was on the design and manufacture of machine tools, in addition to which he manufactured a variety of other machines; hydraulic presses, pumps, over 100 steam locomotives and various high-pressure steam engines.
		This was also brought in to undermine the power of the craft unions, Nasmyth being an implacable foe of restrictive labour practices.
	www.scotlandonline.com /heritage/heritage_gscots_detail.cfm?id=86 (373 words)

	[No title]
		The Nasmyth foci are known as the cable wrap side (CWS) and the drive side (DS).
		James Nasmyth 1808-1890 (Victorian engineer and inventor of the Steam Hammer) He was also an amateur astronomer.
		Nasmyth DS The turret and drive are supported from the centre box section by spider vanes attached to two tie rings.
	www.ing.iac.es /~eng/electronics/wht/telescope/wht_tele.html (7787 words)

	spacegazer - 2006 September
		Nasmyth was born into the large family of four sons and six daughters of the famous artist Alexander Nasmyth, all of whom inherited their father’s talent.
		James had investigated the prospects of setting up in engineering business himself, and when Maudsley died in 1831 the brothers went up to Patricroft and eventually established themselves as a firm producing steam engines, machine tools and later locomotives and the steam hammer which James patented.
		James had already made small reflecting telescopes from his teens, he had intended making one for Mr Maudsley, but at Patricroft he made his biggest, a 20-inch reflector with which he did all his subsequent astronomical work.
	www.spacegazer.com /2006-september-g.asp (2134 words)

	Nasmyth, James 1802-1890 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Nasmyth was born in 1802 in Edinburgh to an eminent landscape painter (Alexander Nasmyth) whose hobby was mechanics.
		As a schoolboy Nasmyth played in his fathers workshop and showed a great mechanical aptitude building successful model steam engines.
		Besides steam hammers, Nasmyth build over 100 steam locomotives, many small high-pressure steam engines, and a variety of pumps, hydraulic presses, and other machines.
	www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk /Nasmyth.html (167 words)

	JAMES NASMYTH (1808-1890) - Online Information article about JAMES NASMYTH (1808-1890)
		In that year Nasmyth discovered one in Schneiders' Creuzot works, and he found that the See also:
		Nasmyth did much for the improvement of machine-tools, and his inventive See also:
		ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /NAN_NEW/NASMYTH_JAMES_1808_1890_.html (1030 words)

	Science Museum \| Energy Hall \| James Nasmyth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Nasmyth got his artistic skill from his father, Scottish landscape and portrait painter Alexander Nasmyth.
		James Nasmyth (1808-1890) started work as Henry Maudslay's personal assistant aged 20.
		Nasmyth was proud of his hammers; a steam hammer formed his personal emblem, and he named his retirement home 'Hammerfield'.
	www.sciencemuseum.org.uk /exhibitions/energyhall/page137.asp (140 words)

	Thirty Metre Telescope - Telescope
		In order to accomplish this, the telescope will incorporate some design features that you might not think about when you think of a telescope such as a segmented mirror and platforms at the Nasmyth foci for instruments.
		The reason the TMT has primary, secondary and tertiary mirrors is that it is a Nasmyth telescope (named after its inventor James Nasmyth, a Scottish engineer): it uses what is known as the Nasmyth focus.
		The tertiary mirror is a flat mirror called a Nasmyth flat which reflects the light out of the side of the telescope instead of allowing it to go through a hole in the primary and out the back.
	lot.astro.utoronto.ca /design/tel.html (1616 words)

	Nasmyth James 1808 1890 The moon: considered as a planet, a world, and a satellite. By James Nasmyth, C.E., and James ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Nasmyth James 1808 1890 The moon: considered as a planet, a world, and a satellite.
		By James Nasmyth, C.E., and James Carpenter, F.R.A.S. With twenty-six illustrative plates...
		The moon: considered as a planet, a world, and a satellite.
	www.aip.org /history/catalog/books/10825.html (86 words)

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