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	James Tilly Matthews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		James Tilly Matthews was a London tea merchant who became embroiled in a self-styled peace mission between France and England in 1793.
		Matthews also believed he was subject to control by the air loom, which he believed was operated by the sinister 'air loom gang' consisting of seven members led by a man called "Bill, or the King".
		James Tilly Matthews was eventually released from Bedlam and transferred to a private asylum run by a Mr Fox, in Hackney.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/j/ja/james_tilly_matthews.html (402 words)

	James Tilly Matthews - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		James Tilly Matthews was a London tea merchant with republican sympathies who became embroiled in a self-styled peace mission between France and England in 1793.
		James Tilly Matthews was eventually released from Bedlam and transferred to a private asylum run by a Mr Fox, in Hackney, where he died in 1815.
		Although it is impossible to make a unequivocal diagnosis of a long-dead person, Matthews' description of his torment by the "Air Loom Gang" reads as a classic example of paranoid delusions brought on as part of a psychotic episode.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/James_Tilly_Matthews (496 words)

	greg hollingshead: interviews
		Matthews is at the centre of a storm of controversy: his wife Margaret insists that her husband is substantially "sane" and is actually being confined for uniquely political reasons.
		(The volume, illustrated with Matthew’s own meticulous engravings of the "airloom" he claimed manipulated his paranoid-delusional mind, is the first in English dedicated to the exposition of a single psychiatric patient.) In this exceptionally thorough study, Haslam endeavoured to quell the debate with explicit proof that James Tilly Matthews was undeniably insane.
		Matthew’s delusional system—particularly the airloom, a complicated mind-control apparatus that has been recreated by the artist Rod Dickinson from Matthew’s engravings, at www.theairloom.org—is so internally consistent that it’s hard to tell whether it might actually exist.
	www.arts.ualberta.ca /~gregh/profiles-vue.htm (1382 words)

	Meme:334 Word:ARTICLES
		Matthews insisted that the treasonous villains in this conspiracy were employing gangs of experts in the use of magnetism, i.e., Mesmer's animal magnetism, to torture him, influence the minds of English authorities and to spy using the Air Loom.
		Matthews was claiming that the French were experimenting with hypnotism just as the CIA eventually would almost two centuries later during their MKULTRA experiments, and for basically the same purpose.
		Matthews produced keyed diagrams of the Air Loom showing the different levers that bring about the various tortures by producing modulations of the magnetic waves and the members of the gang which operated it.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /paul334/m334/w_art_im.htm (2484 words)

	THE INFLUENCING MACHINE
		The Air Loom The first recorded case of paranoia in medical literature was of one James Tilly Matthews, a London tea broker who claimed his mind was being controlled by a gang operating a machine he called an "Air Loom" which was hidden in a London cellar and sent out invisible, magnetic rays.
		Matthews was committed to Bethlem Hospital as being insane.
		Although his family and many members of the community tesified that he was a threat to no one, Matthews eventually died in 1815 while still an inmate of Bethlem.[30] One explanation of Matthews' claims could be that the torture he suffered while in prison caused a dissociative state that led to a pyschopathy.
	www.theforbiddenknowledge.com /hardtruth/influencing_machine.htm (2129 words)

	nthposition online magazine: The Air Loom Gang: James Tilly Matthews and his visionary madness
		His patient's name was James Tilly Matthews, and his view of the world had by this point become one of the strangest ever recorded in the annals of psychiatry.
		Matthews was convinced that outside the grounds of Bedlam, in a basement cellar by London Wall, a gang of villains were controlling and tormenting his mind with diabolical rays.
		But Matthews' family persisted with the case that he was merely a mistreated gentle soul, and moreover that he had learnt to control his oddness in public.
	www.nthposition.com /strange_jay.html (1864 words)

	Amazon.ca: Bedlam: Books: Greg Hollingshead (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Matthews, who worked as a tea broker, was convinced he could help stave off war between the French and English because of his contacts with French revolutionaries and their British sympathizers.
		In 1797, James Tilly Matthews was committed to Bethlem (aka Bedlam), the notorious British lunatic asylum, after nattering on about an "air loom" machine used by villains to control people.
		Matthews, singleminded (and therefore largely uninteresting); and Haslam, whose use of Matthews as a research subject makes his motives suspect.
	www.amazon.ca /Bedlam-Greg-Hollingshead/dp/0002005573 (925 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Air Loom Gang: The Strange and True Story of James Tilly Matthews and His Visionary Madness: Books: Mike ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In 1796, James Tilly Matthews was a south London pauper with a wife and young family when he attended a session of the House of Commons and from the gallery shouted "Treason!" at the home secretary, Lord Liverpool.
		As it turns out, Matthews was actually right to some extent and as a former spy, was in a good position to be able to determine if there really was treasonous activities in the British government at the time.
		It is not surprising that Matthews had little effect; but it is surprising that at the time of the Terror, all he had to endure on the French side was a spell in a French Revolutionary prison.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/1568582978 (1348 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Delusions of Grandeur
		Remarkably, Matthews -- an obscure tea merchant of strong republican sympathies -- had traveled to France in 1792, in the company of the renowned Welsh republican reformer David Williams, who was named an honorary French citizen that year.
		Matthews developed one of the first -- and certainly the most copiously documented -- paranoid-schizophrenic delusions in the medical literature of the West: His attending apothecary at Bedlam, John Haslam, devoted the better part of his classic text "Illustrations of Madness" to documenting the elaborate design of Matthews's delusion.
		Matthews believed that an enormous underground contraption, called the Air Loom, controlled his actions, and the actions of nearly every other human (most emphatically including Pitt, Lord Liverpool and the other dramatis personae in Matthews's abortive espionage career).
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A25811-2004Apr19?language=printer (776 words)

	On Spec - Book Reviews
		Matthews' incarceration at Bedlam occurred amid a fundamental shift in medicine, when doctors first began trying to diagnose and treat madness as a disease, rather than a moral failing or act of God (a movement triggered, in part, by the notorious madness of King George in the late 1780's).
		Matthews, a London tea merchant, was an idealist and political dissenter who supported the republican revolution in France.
		While James Tilley Matthews certainly suffered from delusions--possibly even caused by the conditions at Bedlam--author Mike Jay reveals him as a compelling, intelligent man striving to survive a nightmare.
	www.onspec.ca /bkreviews_template.php?review=mcmahon47 (841 words)

	Bublos.com, Books ›› The Air Loom Gang: The Strange and True Story of James Tilly Matthews and His Visionary ...
		Not quite at the center of the political maelstrom is James Tilly Matthews, a Welsh tea merchant and antiwar activist who holds covert meetings with the leaders of both countries.
		But Matthews also believes his mind is being controlled by a gang of revolutionary terrorists and their diabolical secret machine: the Air Loom.
		James Tilly Matthews lived in London in the late 1700s and was a respected Welsh tea merchant who intended to preserve the peace of an increasingly dangerous city out of control in its conflicts with Paris.
	www.bublos.com /isbn/1568582978.html (1461 words)

	Mind Hacks: The madness of James Tilly Matthews
		But by this definition James Tilly Matthews, paranoid schizophrenic or not, was not mad.
		It is striking that throughout his story, even at the prodigious heights of his delusions, there are always those around who trust him, and he consistently inspires sympathy, affection and love.
		Matthews had previously been involved in peace negotions between France and England and returned believing himself controlled by a mysterious 'air loom'.
	www.mindhacks.com /blog/2006/01/the_madness_of_james.html (336 words)

	PGW Title Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Not quite at the center of the political maelstrom is James Tilly Matthews, a Welsh tea merchant and antiwar advocate who holds covert meetings with the leaders of both countries.
		But Matthews also believes his mind is being controlled by a gang of revolutionary "terrorists" and their diabolical secret machine called the Air Loom.
		At Bedlam his "delusions" are celebrated as the most complex and bizarre ever recorded, but the truth of his case is even stranger than his doctors realize: many of the incredible political episodes in which he claims to have been involved are entirely real.
	www.pgw.com /catalog/search.asp?ISBN=1568582978 (169 words)

	The Frogweb: IWFS -THE AIR LOOM GANG
		James Tilly Matthews (the image to the left maybe the only known portrait) was a Welsh tea merchant and idealist.
		Matthews' delusion was that his mind and thoughts were being controlled remotely by a nefarious gang of 'pneumatic chemists' by means of a powerful, proto-computerlike Air Loom which sent out mesmeric/animal magnetic rays.
		Matthews described this Loom in minute detail, and, as a fine draughtsman, actually drew it and made an extraordinary engraving of the devilish machine, which is reproduced below.
	www.frogboy.freeuk.com /iwfsmikejay.html (2242 words)

	Guardian \| Pick of the day
		It's 1809 and James Tilly Matthews has been locked up in the Bedlam madhouse since the previous century.
		He was once a brilliant, charming man but the misery of his surroundings have taken their toll on his mind.
		Matthews, who also claims to have been a secret government agent, ended up in Bedlam after publicly denouncing the home secretary as a traitor.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5047566-103689,00.html (246 words)

	THE AIR LOOM GANG, Mike Jay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		A respected Welsh tea merchant, Matthews has declared his intent to preserve the fragile peace, going so far as to meet with top leaders from both sides, and even serving time as a political prisoner in Paris.
		But when Matthews stands up in the House of Commons and declares Lord Liverpool to be a traitor, he is arrested and sent to a mental hospital.
		Trapped within the walls of Bedlam, Matthews becomes convinced that his mind is being controlled by a secret machine called an "Air Loom" that is hidden in a London basement and run by a devious gang of revolutionaries.
	www.4w8w.com /bookjay1.html (431 words)

	An intoxicating sample of 'Absolute' heroism - The Boston Globe
		Matthews also knows that an evil gang has infiltrated England and taken over certain people's bodies, all by means of an ``Air Loom" device that emits gases to influence political events and individual thoughts.
		Matthews may be insane, but he is principled.
		Haslam, on the other hand, is weak, ambitious, and vain, a healthier combination for someone living in a decadent empire that is busy fighting abroad and incarcerating or hanging its dissenting subjects at home.
	www.boston.com /ae/books/articles/2006/10/15/an_intoxicating_sample_of_absolute_heroism (803 words)

	Schuyler W. Henderson Submission
		The material may be there for an analysis of the text or an analysis of Ignatius Reilly (and, as we have seen from George, Darlene and Santa's comments, it was eminently clear to Toole that a psychiatric aetiology is a possible explanations for his behaviour), but it is simply rejected, in style and content.
		Matthews’ lavishly-articulated delusions and the ambitious investment in Matthews by what we would now call his primary caregiver, Bedlam’s resident apothecary John Haslam, is an early tale of resistance and defiance.
		It is the latter that compels James Tilly Matthews and Ignatius Reilly; it is the latter that Michel Houellebecq's characters fear.
	web.english.ufl.edu /pnm/henderson.html (6518 words)

	O Bando do Tear de Ar
		O nome de seu paciente era James Tilly Matthews, e sua visão do mundo tinha a essa altura se tornado uma das mais estranhas já registradas nos anais da psiquiatria.
		Matthews estava convencido de que em algum lugar fora de Bedlam, em um porão através da London Wall, um bando de vilões estava controlando e atormentando a mente dele com raios diabólicos.
		Matthews havia sido um próspero mercador de chá, originalmente de Gales, que tinha simpatias Republicanas fortes e depois da Revolução francesa começou a viajar entre Londres e Paris como um autodesignado pacificador, tentando impedir a guerra iminente entre França e Inglaterra.
	www.ceticismoaberto.com /ciencia/tear_aereo.htm (1926 words)

	greg hollingshead: coming soon
		From the enduring love of Matthews and his wife, to the despair of the Bethlem inmates, to the moral agonies of John Haslam, Hollingshead’s eye for rendering the human condition has never been finer.
		Bedlam is a novel based on the true story of James Tilly Matthews, an inmate of Bethlem Hospital at Moorfields in London during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
		Her primary opponent, the author of an eloquent description of his condition (the first extended account of a paranoid system in English), is the author and apothecary John Haslam, a man compromised by defending an imprisonment he has been given no reason for, of a patient who he knows would be better off released.
	www.arts.ualberta.ca /~gregh/comingsoon.htm (814 words)

	Matthews - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Herbert Matthews, reporter for the New York Times said to be the first to report Fidel Castro was alive in the Sierra Maestra
		Kathleen Matthews, anchor for ABC 7 News/ WJLA-TV in Washington, D.C. Liesel Matthews, American heiress, socialite, and actress
		James Tilly Matthews, London tea merchant with republican sympathies who became embroiled in a self-styled peace mission
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Matthews (709 words)

	village voice > books > by Paul Collins
		A young London tea merchant and bit player in diplomacy during the French Revolution, James Tilly Matthews was rotting in a French dungeon when he heard (or thought he heard) this fateful question from a fellow prisoner: "Mr.
		Matthews, are you acquainted with the art of talking with your brains?" Soon a disheveled Matthews, back in England, was getting wrestled down from the Parliament visitor's gallery, screaming "TREASON!" at bewildered MPs.
		Meanwhile, Matthews became legendary among London's intelligentsia: He founded a brilliant architecture magazine, and even submitted a startlingly progressive plan to an architectural competition to replace Bedlam.
	www.villagevoice.com /books/0414,collins,52403,10.html (531 words)

	The Air Loom Gang and Pendulum
		It tells the story of James Tilly Matthews, a man with some claim to be history’s first paranoid schizophrenic.
		By a strange series of circumstances, Matthews, a wholesale tea-merchant working in London, became involved with various progressive groups in France and England at the time of the French Revolution.
		The madness of Matthews signified a shift in the framework of psychosis.
	www.goodreports.net /reviews/theairloomgang.htm (651 words)

	The Frogweb: IWFS: The Air Loom Gang, a talk by Mike Jay
		Matthews became inextricably embroiled in an heroic attempt to broker peace between England and the 1790s French Revolutionary government.
		He was let down by both sides and, after incarceration and frustration, became subject to the most extraordinary delusion: that his mind was being controlled by a gang of nefarious 'pneumatic chemists' who were, by means of a powerful 'air loom', magnetically and hypnotically controlling his thoughts and behaviour.
		As a patient in Bedlam, Matthews gave fascinating details of his torturers (Bill the King, Jack the Schoolmaster, The Glove Woman etc) and the sort of excruciating tortures they perpetrated on him (e.g.
	www.frogboy.freeuk.com /iwfsmikejay1.html (377 words)

	The SF Site Featured Review: The Air Loom Gang
		The Air Loom Gang is a fascinating account of one man's unusual and ultimately tragic life during an age of great political, social and scientific upheaval.
		He most certainly travelled to France as an emissary to the revolutionary government and tried to carry messages back to the English government -- a dangerous game to play even in England, where alarmed officials were clamping down on civil rights (with rhetoric uncomfortably reminiscent of 9/11).
		While James Tilley Matthews certainly suffered from delusions -- possibly even caused by the conditions at Bedlam -- author Mike Jay reveals him as a compelling, intelligent man striving to survive a nightmare.
	www.sfsite.com /09b/al184.htm (542 words)

	James Tilly Matthews
		His delusions got him admitted to Bethlem psychiatric hospital in 1797 where his family argued for his release.
		James Tilly Matthews was eventually released from Bethlem and transferred to a private asylum run by a Mr Fox, in Hackney.
		Carpenter, P.K. (1989) Descriptions of Schizophrenia in the Psychiatry of Georgian Britain: John Haslam and James Tilly Matthews.
	www.mik.fastload.org /ja/James_Tilly_Matthews.html (390 words)

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