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Topic: Jan Evangelista Purkinje

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	NASA Neurolab Web: Mission Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Jan Evangelista Purkinje was born in Libochovice, Bohemia (Czech Republic) on December 17, 1787.
		Purkinje was the first to use the microtome (to slice thin tissue sections), glacial acetic acid, potassium bichromate and Canada balsam in the preparation of tissue samples for microscopic examination.
		Johannes Evangelista Purkinje was a pioneer to experimental physiology whose investigations in the fields of histology, embryology and pharmacology helped to create a modern understanding of the eye and vision, brain and heart function, mammalian reproduction and the composition of cells.
	neurolab.jsc.nasa.gov /purkinje.htm (449 words)

	Purkinje, Jan Evangelista (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Purkinje described 1819 the visual phenomenon in which different-coloured objects of equal brightness in certain circumstances appear to the eye to be unequally bright; this is now called the Purkinje effect.
		This effect is caused by the object being reflected by the surface of the cornea and by the anterior and posterior surfaces of the eye lens.
		Purkinje cells are large nerve cells with numerous dendrites found in the cortex of the cerebellum; he discovered these 1837, and the Purkinje fibres in the ventricles of the heart 1839.
	www.cartage.org.lb.cob-web.org:8888 /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/P/Purkinje/1.html (277 words)

	Jan Evangelista Purkinje Biography \| scit_0512_package.xml
		Purkinje observed that when the intensity of illumination decreases, objects of different color but equal brightness appear to be unequally bright; this is now known as Purkinje's phenomenon or shift.
		In 1820 Purkinje studied the induction of vertigo that occurs when the body is rotated in an erect position, but he was unable to explain the phenomenon.
		Purkinje emphasized the value of microscopy, especially the new achromatic microscopes, and developed several innovative teaching tools and a knife that was a precursor of the microtome.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/jan-evangelista-purkinje-scit-0512 (601 words)

	Jan Evangelista Purkinje (Purkyne) Biography \| World of Biology
		For instance, in 1837, Purkinje discovered large pear-shaped nerve cells in the outer layer of the brain that had several branches.
		Two years later, as Purkinje was investigating the function of muscular organs, he discovered Purkinje fibers--special muscle fibers in the ventricles of the heart.
		Purkinje also conducted comparative studies of animal and plant tissue, observing that "granules"--now termed cells--were present in both.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/jan-evangelista-purkinje-purkyne-wob (583 words)

	Jan Evangelista Purkyně (www.whonamedit.com)
		Purkinje’s father stimulated interest in and knowledge of nature in his eldest son, although he died when Jan was only six.
		Purkinje's studies of the avian egg in the body of the female and his discovery and isolation of a minute structure, the germinus vesicle (“Purkinje’s vesicle”), later identified with the cell nucleus — formed a bridge between the large avian egg and the small ova of other animals.
		This was the beginning of a new period in Purkinje's research, with a patient and systematic investigation of structure as the material basis of life phenomena.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2935.html (2911 words)

	December 17 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1837, Purkinje described not only clusters of beautiful drop-like cells, but also subtle elongated fiber-like processes in their vicinity, which seemed to be peculiar to the nervous system.
		Purkinje was the first to use the microtome, potassium bichromate and Canada balsam in the preparation of histological slides for microscopy.
		Purkinje introduced the scientific terms plasma, a component of blood, and protoplasm, used to describe young animal embryos.
	www.todayinsci.com /12/12_17.htm (3174 words)

	Purkinje cell
		Purkinje cells are found within the Purkinje layer in the cerebellum.
		Purkinje cells send inhibitory projections to the deep cerebellar nuclei, and constitute the sole output of all motor coordination in the cerebellar cortex.
		Purkinje cells show spontaneous electrophysiological activity in the form of bursts, which may be important for cerebellar function.
	www.mrsci.com /Neuroscience/Purkinje_cell.php (406 words)

	Predpoklady budoucnosti: Obrazová príloha
		The reflections of a candle flame from the structures of the eye, from Purkinje (1823b).
		Purkinje's (1837a) diagram of cells in the cerebellum.
		Purkinje in repose in 1869, after a photograph in Vavrousek et al (1937).
	www.fcca.cz /old_website/archemedia/c_obrazy.html (326 words)

	Jan Evangelista Purkyně - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He is best known for his 1837 discovery of Purkinje cells, large neurons with many branching dendrites found in the cerebellum.
		Other discoveries include Purkinje images, reflections of objects from structures of the eye, and the Purkinje shift, the change in the brightness of red and blue colours as light intensity decreases gradually at dusk.
		Purkinje also introduced the scientific terms plasma (for the component of blood left when the suspended cells have been removed) and protoplasm (the substance found inside cells).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Johannes_Evangelista_Purkinje (424 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: Featured Microscopist - Thomas J. Deerinck
		The German scientist Jan Evangelista Purkinje discovered large, branching cells in the cortex of the cerebellum in 1837.
		Purkinje neurons are some of the largest and most complex cells in the mammalian brain, possessing diameters almost as large as a human hair.
		Yet, Purkinje neurons are the lone source of output from the cerebellum’s cortex.
	www.microscopyu.com /featuredmicroscopist/deerinck/deerinckimage6.html (298 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: Featured Microscopist - Thomas J. Deerinck Digital Image Gallery
		Purkinje Neurons and Glia of Rat Cerebellum - The German scientist Jan Evangelista Purkinje discovered large, branching cells in the cortex of the cerebellum in 1837.
		The Purkinje neurons are labeled red with a fluorescent probe and the glia are labeled green.
		The thin section was fluorescently labeled for the IP3 receptor in Purkinje neurons (green), GFAP in glial cells (red) and DNA in cell nuclei (blue).
	www.microscopyu.com /featuredmicroscopist/deerinck/deerinckgallery.html (1015 words)

	vision.c3.hu
		The work of Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869), especially his study of subjective visual phenomena, was recently identified with the dawning of neuroscience (Wade and Brozek, 2001).
		For instance, in the 1820s and 1830s, he analysed the role of frame and texture in the perception of a painting as an object and representation, which was used by the Impressionists several decades later.
		While overlooked or forgotten, these Purkinje's groundbreaking contributions demonstrate how the emerging fields of neuroscience, modern art and new media were interconnected.
	vision.c3.hu /en/lecturers/andel (150 words)

	Personalities of Czech Ancestry
		Purkinje effect relates to the eye and vision when the light intensity is reduced, the red disappears faster than the blue in vision.
		Jan Jesenius who was Rector of Charles University and the renowned doctor who first performed a public autopsy on a human body in 1600 was publicly executed in 1621 in Old Town Square, Prague along with ten noblemen and seventeen burghers.
		Jan Nepomuk Neumann was born in Bohemia in 1811.
	www.czechheritage.org /Links/hrna1.html (3578 words)

	1576-MEIS.htm (MEIS-P) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Purkinje's effect is the shift in usage of one versus the other systems.
		It is a matter of adaptation from light to dark and dark to light, and its consequences in terms of color constancy and stimulus discrimination.
		Definitely, the first and fourth Purkinje images (P1 and P4 Abares arrows at left) are the most conspicuous.
	www.iris-ward.com /_HTM/MEIS/P/1576-MEIS.htm (1668 words)

	Amazon.ca: Purkinje's Vision: Books: Nicholas Wade,Josef Brozek,Jiri Hoskovec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Histologists marvel at his early descriptions of cells; physiologists admire his attempts to relate structure to function; pharmacologists view in awe his heroic experiments on self-administered drugs; forensic scientists acknowledge his role in the use of fingerprints for identification; and Czech patriots salute his awakening of pride in their nation.
		In the narrow sense it refers to Purkinje's studies of vision, but in its broader view it concerns Purkinje's anticipation of neuroscience.
		Purkinje provided evidence to support both its cellular and its conceptual base.
	www.amazon.ca /Purkinje-s-Vision-Nicholas-Wade/dp/080583642X (492 words)

	Neurons and Synapses. The History of Its Discovery
		Among these pioneers, was a Czech anatomist who became a giant in the field, Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869).
		Another influential scientist of this period, Robert Remak (1815-1865), described in 1836 how the nervous tissue seemed to be entirely suffused with a very fine and exceedingly complex mesh of filamental processes, which had escaped the eyes of previous microscopists.
		Purkinje proposed that there should be some connection between these processes and the nucleated cell bodies.
	www.cerebromente.org.br /n17/history/neurons2_i.htm (826 words)

	Purkinje cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Purkinje cells (or Purkinje neurons) are a class of GABAergic neuron located in the cerebellar cortex.
		These cells are some of the largest neurons in the human brain, with an intricately elaborate dendritic arbor, characterized by a large number of dendritic spines.
		Purkinje cells show spontaneous electrophysiological activity in the form of trains of spikes, which may be important for cerebellar function.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Purkinje_cell (586 words)

	Visible Proofs: Forensic Views of the Body: Galleries: Exhibition Images: Technologies of Surveillance
		Jan Evangelista Purkinje, Commentatio de examine physiologico organi visus et systematis cutanei [Commentary on the Physiological Examination of the Visual Organs and the Cutaneous System (the Skin)], Bratislava, 1823
		Purkinje was the first researcher to study the papillary ridges common to human and simian hands.
		His work inspired Francis Galton, in the late 19th century, to try to use Purkinje's patterns as the basis of a fingerprint classification system that could identify specific individuals.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /visibleproofs/galleries/exhibition/views_image_6.html (122 words)

	July 28 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Later, during WW II, while in hiding to evade the Gestapo, he worked out ideas in quantum electrodynamics that he later shared when working with Niels Bohr (Jan - Aug 1946).
		In Sep 1946, he went to the U.S. to work with Robert Oppenheimer at Princeton, where Pais contributed to the foundations of the modern theory of particle physics.
		In 1863, in consequence of the injury to vegetation produced by the alkali works in the English counties of Lancashire and Cheshire, the Alkali Works Act was passed "for the more effectual condensation [95 per cent] of muriatic acid gas" (or hydrochloric acid).
	www.todayinsci.com /7/7_28.htm (1747 words)

	Purkinje vessel pattern - patrón de vasos [sanguíneos] de Purkinje (English to Spanish translation glossary) ...
		Purkinje vessel pattern - patrón de vasos [sanguíneos] de Purkinje (English to Spanish translation glossary) Ophtalmology,Medical (general),
		Mencionar que según el diccionario Dorland de Elsevier, hablamos de Jan Evangelista Purkinje, un fisiólogo checo.
		Urico: Aunque el ejemplo dado no es adecuado, las fibras de Purkinje están en el corazón.
	www.proz.com /kudoz/1329705 (223 words)

	Words: Woe and Wonder
		If a band is said to play "so-called music," it's a pretty good bet the critic is not a fan.
		And when Carl Sagan mentions "so-called Purkinje cells of the cerebellum," it's not a shock to find out that he simply mean bits of our brain named after a professor of physiology who discovered them in 1837.
		The credit given to Jan Evangelista Purkinje long ago is not being challenged.
	www.cbc.ca /news/indepth/words/socalled.html (1358 words)

	jan - Definition, Synonyms, and Reference from OnPedia.com
		Jan - the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice
		Inauguration Day, January 20 - the day designated for inauguration of the United States president
		Christmas, Christmastide, Christmastime, Noel, Yule, Yuletide - period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6
	www.onpedia.com /dictionary/Jan (201 words)

	University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine - CAL project - Neuroscience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The ascending dendrite arising from the apex of the soma is referred to as the apical dendrite and those arising from the base as the basal dendrites.
		On the right is seen a Purkinje cell from the cerebellar cortex, named after the Czech scientist Jan Evangelista von Purkinje.
		All the dendrites ascend from the soma and branch very widely, but only in one plane--that facing you.
	cal.vet.upenn.edu /neuro/server/lab1slide21.html (153 words)

	DIY Calculator :: Color Vision: One of Nature's Wonders
		As the day heads toward dusk and the ambient light dims, however, our peak sensitivity switches to bluish-violet and bluish-green, which is why we still see blue and green hues after the other colors have faded away.
		This effect, which is known as the Purkinje Shift, is named after the Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkinje (1787-1869).
		Finally, when the ambient light becomes very faint, our cone cells effectively shut down and only our rod cells remain functional to supply us with our night vision capabilities.
	www.diycalculator.com /sp-cvision.shtml (13876 words)

	Amazon.com: Fundamentals of Plasma Physics: Books: Paul M. Bellan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Learn how Amazon can help you make this book an eBook.
		by Paul M. Bellan "In the mid nineteenth century the Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkinje introduced use of the Greek word plasma (meaning "formed" or "molded") to denote the..." (more)
		In the mid nineteenth century the Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkinje introduced use of the Greek word plasma (meaning "formed" or "molded") to denote the clear fluid that remains after removal of all the corpuscular material in blood.
	www.amazon.com /Fundamentals-Plasma-Physics-Paul-Bellan/dp/0521821169 (574 words)

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