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Topic: Jan Vermeer

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	Johannes Vermeer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alongside Rembrandt, Vermeer is the best known painter of the Dutch Golden Age, and his paintings are admired for their transparent colours, careful composition and brilliant use of light.
		Vermeer produced transparent colours by adding the paint onto the canvas in loosely granular layers, a technique called pointillé (not to be confused with pointillism).
		David Hockney, among other historians, has speculated that Vermeer possibly used a camera obscura to achieve precise positioning in his compositions, and this view seems to be supported by certain light and perspective effects which would be the result of lenses and not the naked eye; however, the issue is disputed by many other historians.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jan_Vermeer (953 words)

	Jan Vermeer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Vermeer is considered one of the great Dutch artists, able to withstand much of the influence of Italy, France and Flanders, giving his painting a unique feeling and look.
		Vermeer did not paint many pictures, but the ones we have give us insights into daily Dutch life, depicting calm scenes, where usually one or two figures are engaged in simple tasks.
		Jan Vermeer died at the young age of 43 in 1672, leaving behind him his wife and 11 children.
	ntap.k12.ca.us /whs/projects/history/vermeer.html (669 words)

	J.-E Berger Foundation: Johannes Vermeer, Delft 1632 - Delft 1675
		On October 31, 1632, Jan, the son of Reynier and Digna Vermeer, was baptized in New Church in Delft.
		On April 23, 1653, the civil marriage of Jan Vermeer and Catharina Bolnes was celebrated in the Delft city hall; she was from Gouda and five years his senior.
		Vermeer is not part of art history and has become a ghost which we can only glimpse fleetingly and guess at through the work he left us.
	www.bergerfoundation.ch /Vermeer/english (404 words)

	MSN Encarta - Vermeer
		Vermeer, Jan (1632-1675), Dutch painter, who excelled in portraying interior scenes that are composed with mathematical precision and suffused with cool, silvery light (see Painting: Dutch Baroque Painting).
		Vermeer, also called Jan van der Meer van Delft, was born in Delft.
		Vermeer was a master of composition and in the representation of space.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761553291/Vermeer.html (476 words)

	Vermeer & the Art of Painting
		Every object in Vermeer's spacious interior is as carefully considered and identified as the notes in a song by Huygens, yet these independent entities are likewise carefully orchestrated to be brought together into a whole whose mood is based upon a firm mathematical and geometric foundation.
		Vermeer's message, delivered in measured cadences rather than in a compelling narrative, partakes of the total environment in which the figures exist rather than being focused on their attitudes and activities.
		For Vermeer, the room's geometric character, its furnishings, and the light that pervades it establish the essential framework for conveying the nature of the relationships of the figures at the clavecin.
	www.artchive.com /vermeer/vermeer1.html (1629 words)

	MyStudios- Jan Vermeer
		Vermeer's use of light gave his paintings a silent clarity, the sensation of a moment preserved, of recording that quality of simply existing.
		Vermeer employed many devices beyond his expressive use of light, color, and perspective to extend the meanings of his scenes.
		Vermeer's paintings from the late 165Os and 1660s are characterized by a number of stylistic elements, including a seemingly naturalistic flow of light; subtly nuanced colors; carefully conceived spatial arrangements achieved through a sophisticated awareness of linear perspective; and, above all, an understanding of the expressive qualities of paint.
	www.mystudios.com /art/bar/vermeer/vermeer.html (642 words)

	Vermeer's_Palette_part one
		Vermeer used this glaze in the plumed hat in The Girl with a Red Hat and in the satin gown in The Girl with a Glass of Wine, both very well preserved.
		Vermeer used it extensively to lighten the other colors, model forms and to depict the characteristic white-washed walls seen in so many of his paintings.
		Vermeer himself adopted this way of working but added more color to the shadowed areas, he thus anticipated the more "optical" approach to light and color and the later findings of the impressionists.
	vermeerspalette.20m.com /index.html.htm (3337 words)

	Jan Vermeer - Jan Vermeer Oil Paintings, Jan Vermeer Biography & Jan Vermeer Gallery
		Vermeer was a Dutch painter who excelled in portraying comfortable interior scenes that are composed with mathematical clarity and suffused with cool, silvery light.
		Jan Vermeer, also called Jan van der Meer van Delft, was born in Delft and baptized on October 31, 1632.
		Vermeer was forgotten after his death and not rediscovered until the late 19th century.
	www.huntfor.com /absoluteig/vermeer.htm (213 words)

	Jan Vermeer, Biography. - Olga's Gallery
		Jan Vermeer (or Jan van der Meer, or Jan Vermeer van Delft) was born in 1632, the second child of Reynier Janszoon Vos and Digna Baltens.
		Vermeer offers the most impressive reflection of the sophisticated side of seventeenth-century Dutch life; its love for fine furniture, attractive women, lavish clothing, and maps decorating interiors: The Art of Painting (c.1666-1673), Woman with a Water Jug (c.1664-1665) and others.
		Vermeer’s pictures are also moralizing, thus women who had become intoxicated on wine were considered to be the embodiment of sin, and this is a central motif to some of Vermeer’s works: The Glass of Wine (c.1658-1660).
	www.abcgallery.com /V/vermeer/vermeerbio.html (778 words)

	AllRefer.com - Jan Vermeer (European Art, 1600 To The Present, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		He was also known as Vermeer of Delft and as Jan or Johannes van der Meer.
		Vermeer apparently produced only one or two pictures a year during his period of greatest activity.
		His career is a mystery to art historians because, although his work was of the finest quality, his output was too small to have been the sole support of his family of 11 children.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/V/Vermeer.html (450 words)

	Jan Vermeer [An Abridged History of Europe] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Jan Vermeer was a Dutch painter who excelled in portraying comfortable interior scenes that are composed with mathematical clarity and suffused with cool, silvery light.
		Vermeer, also called Jan van der Meer van Delft, was born in Delft and baptized on October 31, 1632.
		Vermeer used the informal, close framing of the composition suggested by the camera obscura to accentuate the realistic, immediate impact of the painting.
	www.european-history.com /vermeer.html (1053 words)

	Jan Vermeer de Delft
		On dirait qu'à cet égard aussi, Vermeer a eu l'esprit bien ordonné.
		Quand on se rappelle que pendant quelque temps, Vermeer a eu une galerie d'art et que certains tableaux réapparaissent plusieurs fois dans ses propres peintures, rien n'empêche de supposer qu'il a acheté, pour sa galerie ou bien pour son propre plaisir, des œuvres qui lui étaient sympathiques.
		Vermeer s'est servi abondamment du pointillé - tant pour la couleur que pour les effets de lumière - dans la Jeune Femme â la flûte qui porte un étrange chapeau (chinois?), peut-être un des accessoires de son atelier (Washington, National Gallery of Art; les bords sont probablement coupés).
	www.diagnopsy.com /Vermeer/Vermeer.htm (9228 words)

	Working towards a reconstruction of Johannes Vermeer's home at the Oude Langendijk, Delft Zantkuijl, Kuiper, Kaldenbach
		Vermeer's paintings of interiors show a level of 'illusionism' which is unparallelled given the high artistic levels in his days.
		Vermeer researcher and author John Michael Montias has made an estimate of the combined annual income in the Thins/Vermeer family, which squarely puts this family in the urban middle class.
		Vermeer's total oeuvre of about 35 paintings may be well taken in totally and by the sheer visual force it invites close looking and comparing.
	www.johannesvermeer.info /verm/house/h-a-reconstructie-ENG.htm (4309 words)

	Vermeer: The Geographer
		Vermeer adjusted his initial depiction of the figure to provide a more active stance.
		It is probable that Vermeer's sophisticated presentation of these instruments was informed by his association with famed scientist Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek.
		A contemporary portrait of Leeuwenhoek closely resembles the figure in Vermeer's geographer, and it is very possible that Leewenhoek served as the model.
	www.artchive.com /artchive/V/vermeer/geographer.jpg.html (382 words)

	Emerging Infectious Diseases: Johannes [Jan] Vermeer (1632-1675). The Astrono... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Vermeer's life story can only be patched together from public records, and no portrait is available of his physical appearance.
		Vermeer's work is also reminiscent of 15th-century Flemish art, especially in the use of color and meticulous detail; however, he brought to these elements unique sensitivity and novelty (4).
		Like many Vermeer characters, the astronomer is placed near a window on the onlooker's left, which casts a glow on the man of science, revealing youthful freshness, sudden insight, and nervous anticipation.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:112409776&refid=holomed_1 (920 words)

	Biograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Procuress marks the transition to the middle phase of Vermeer's career, for although it is fairly large and warm in tonality - like the two history paintings - it is a contemporary life scene, as were virtually all Vermeer's pictures from now on.
		In the central part of his career (into which most of his work falls) Vermeer painted those serene and harmonious images of domestic life that for their beauty of composition, handling, and treatment of light raise him into a different class from any other Dutch genre painter.
		From this period of Vermeer's greatest achievement also date his only landscape - the incomparable View of Delft (Mauritshuis), in which he surpassed even the greatest of his specialist contemporaries in lucidity and truth of atmosphere - and his much-loved Little Street (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam).
	www.wga.hu /bio/v/vermeer/biograph.html (874 words)

	Jan Vermeer Online
		Not to be confused to with several Jan Vermeers in the 'Vermeer van Haarlem' family, e.g.
		Jan Vermeer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
		Jan Vermeer at the National Gallery, London, UK A Young Woman seated at a Virginal
	www.artcyclopedia.com /artists/vermeer_jan.html (457 words)

	Haber's Art Reviews: Jan Vermeer's Delicate Balance
		Vermeer, like his contemporary Pieter Saerendam, appears to a modern eye as near to abstraction.
		Vermeer converted to Catholicism at his marriage, and historians have duly noted that these two are Catholic subjects.
		Jan Vermeer's art was on display through February 11, 1996, at The National Gallery of Art.
	www.haberarts.com /vermeer2.htm (2084 words)

	Haber's Art Reviews: Jan Vermeer's Woman Reading a Letter
		Vermeer calls for single-minded focus on that one figure, and amid an amazing range of light tones, the letter is easily the brightest white.
		Vermeer was among the forerunners of photography, for he was to base several works on images created in a camera obscura, a dark room with a pinhole that projects an image from the outside upon a facing wall.
		Vermeer affirms the postmodern idea that all art is a kind of writing, but he also demands that painting stop taking words like text casually as a metaphor for artistic symbolism.
	www.haberarts.com /vermeer1.htm (2936 words)

	A Lady Drinking and a Gentleman by VERMEER VAN DELFT, Jan
		This was the time when genre painting flourished, and artists like Pieter de Hooch, Jan Steen, Frans van Mieris, and Gerard Ter Borch, to name only a few, placed their figures into a light-filled room or courtyard, showing them either socializing or preoccupied with domestic chores.
		Vermeer's works set the tone for representations of the upper bourgeoisie, a social level more refined than that depicted by his contemporaries.
		Consequently, Vermeer adapted his brushwork to the new needs, and more than equaled a Frans van Mieris, for instance, in the delicacy and finesse of the execution.
	www.wga.hu /html/v/vermeer/02c/11drink.html (324 words)

	Jan Vermeer
		Vermeer was a Master in the Delft painters' guild from 1653, was elected Dean (hoofdman) in 1662-3 and 1670-71, and was highly regarded in his lifetime, although he seems to have never been particularly wealthy, leaving his wife and 11 children in debt at his death.
		After The Procuress almost all of Vermeer's paintings are of contemporary subjects in a smaller format, with a cooler palette dominated by blues, yellows and greys.
		Vermeer's interest in optics is also attested in this work by the accurately observed mirror reflection above the lady at the virginals.
	www.artchive.com /artchive/V/vermeer.html (523 words)

	Jan Vermeer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Sad to say, only 35 of Vermeer's canvases have survived.
		Mostly Vermeer tended to paint sunlit domestic interiors with one or two figures.
		Vermeer married Catharina Bolnes on April 20, 1653, and together had 15 children.
	www.paralumun.com /artvermeer.htm (61 words)

	Johannes Vermeer -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Johannes also rendered Jan Dutch artist who created paintings that are among the most beloved and revered images in the history of art.
		Vermeer began his career in the early 1650s by painting large-scale biblical and mythological scenes, but most of his later...
		The sculptures that are closest in spirit to the quiet dignity of the great 17th- and 18th-century genre paintings of Johannes Vermeer and Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin are perhaps certain Greek tombstones, such as that of the Stele of Hegeso, which represents a quiet,...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9075111 (878 words)

	About Vermeer Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Johannes Vermeer of Delft was one of the most talented painters in the Dutch Golden Age.
		His work and life had been forgotten for centuries, but now Vermeer is considered to be one of the greatest painters.
		In addition to presenting all of Vermeer's paintings, this site aims to be a source of information for anyone who enjoys this artist's work.
	www.about-vermeer-art.com /vermeer/index.html (143 words)

	Adventures in CyberSound: The Camera Obscura
		Vermeer was a great master who produced paintings that to this day instill awe by their captivating reality.
		Vermeer is thought to have used Camera Obscura for "The Girl with a Red Hat." This is one of his smaller paintings (9" x 7") on a wood panel.
		Vermeer's perspective has seemed to certain critics to be `photographic'; he reproduces some real objects such as actual maps, and paintings by other artists, with great precision; and most tellingly, he renders certain passages 'out of focus'.
	www.acmi.net.au /AIC/CAMERA_OBSCURA.html (6727 words)

	JAN VERMEER & THE CAMERA OBSCURA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although Jan Vermeer may have used a camera obscura as an artistic aid, it is unlikely that he would have used it to help compose the pictures mentioned above.
		The debate over Jan Vermeer's use of the camera obscura is not likely to end soon, largely because so little is known about the artist and his methods.
		It seems highly likely that Vermeer would have been aware of the possibilities of the device through contemporary treatises on perspective, and that he would have had access to camera obscuras in Delft.
	www.csun.edu /~hcarh001/496/cameraobscurapaper.html (1221 words)

	J.-E Berger Foundation: VERMEER
		This highlight proposes a quick approach — to know more — to the life of Vermeer and to analyze one of his works.
		Its format, 51" X 39" (130 X 100 cm), is one of the largest used by Vermeer.
		Vermeer shows us to what extent a lesson learned is one step in his representation of the absolute.
	www.bergerfoundation.ch /Home/high_vermeer.html (605 words)

	WebMuseum: Vermeer, Jan
		During the late 1650s, Vermeer, along with his colleague Pieter de Hooch, began to place a new emphasis on depicting figures within carefully composed interior spaces.
		Moralizing references occur in several of Vermeer's works, although they tend to be obscured by the paintings' vibrant realism and their general lack of narrative elements.
		After his death Vermeer was overlooked by all but the most discriminating collectors and art historians for more than 200 years.
	www.ibiblio.org /wm/paint/auth/vermeer (823 words)

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