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Topic: Japanese Archipelago

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	Japanese people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While most Japanese live on the islands, some emigrated, predominantly to Hawaii, the west coast of the United States and Canada, Latin America (particularly, Brazil), and Russia, (particularly, Sakhalin and Primorsky Krai).
		The most accepted theory is that present-day Japanese are descended principally from both the Jomon, a paleo-Asiatic people, and the Yayoi, a neo-Asiatic people, with cultural influences from the Korean Gaya confederacy and Baekje kingdom, and also from the Sui, and Tang Dynasty of China.
		The Japanese trace their ancestry to the Jomon people and the Yayoi people, and then perhaps the Koreans, Mongolians, Malays, Indonesians, and Polynesians, thus making their Mongoloid traits unique.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Japanese_people (926 words)

	Contemporary Japan: Society and Culture \| Asian Topics on Asia for Educators
		The Japanese archipelago — with more than one thousand islands in all — spans diverse living environments: snowy mountains in the northern island of Hokkaido; bustling cities such as Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka; tropical rice paddies in southern Kyushu.
		Japanese are expected from a young age to work hard and succeed in a highly competitive environment.
		Japanese often think of themselves as a homogeneous society, with a strong sense of group and national identity and little or no ethnic or racial diversity.
	www.columbia.edu /itc/eacp/japanworks/at_japan_soc (530 words)

	Ancient Japan
		It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago.
		The present Japanese people were produced by an admixture of certain strains from the Asian continent and from the South Pacific, together with adaptations made in accordance with environmental changes.
		Japanese historians long sought to emphasize the antiquity and degree of unity of Yamatai in order to aggrandize Japan's relations with other East Asian nations.
	www.crystalinks.com /japan1.html (4157 words)

	Japanese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Japanese is one of the world's major languages, ranking ninth in terms of the number of speakers with 125 million.
		It is primarily spoken throughout the Japanese archipelago; there are also some 1.5 million Japanese immigrants and their descendants living abroad, mainly in North and South America, who have varying degrees of proficiency in Japanese.
		Since the mid-20th century, no nation other than Japan has used Japanese as a first or a second language.
	www.flw.com /languages/japanese.htm (74 words)

	Todd S. Munson - Randolph-Macon College
		This course traces the historical development of the Japanese archipelago from an isolated, agrarian federation of feudatories to a modern, industrialized nation-state.
		This course serves as general introduction to postwar Japanese film through close examination of several films of Akira Kurosawa, one of the most celebrated directors in the history of the medium.
		Japanese language skills are not required, but Japanese language students will be encouraged to practice their skills in various settings.
	www.rmc.edu /directory/academics/history/munson/courses.html (744 words)

	UCLA:Teaching about Japan - Classical Japan Overview
		Unlike earlier Japanese tombs, which were built on hillsides or mountains, the new tombs were located on flatlands, often surrounded by a moat, and much bigger.
		For the latter, the Japanese adopted the Tang model, which assumed that the emperor owned all the land in the country and then distributed it on a per capita basis to all able-bodied men and women.
		In the seventh century Japanese began systematically to keep records and to write history and a century later Japanese noblemen were keeping diaries and writing poetry in classical Chinese.
	www.international.ucla.edu /eas/japan/classical/overview.htm (1572 words)

	Part2-1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Using Hane, Gellner and your notes from class, compile a detailed sketch of what other kinds of people and communities were present, or running around the Japanese archipelago at this time, and what their relation was to the culture of the center.
		Most primary sources of Japanese information from the time around the 7th century were written by, for, and about the people of the upper class in Japanese society.
		The Ainu built a relationship of trade with the Japanese groups around them, and today their association to the country of Japan is similar to the Native American relationship to the United States.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/jmurphy/JPT3500file/Exam1.answerfile/Q2-1.html (2163 words)

	A Brief History of the Japanese Language
		Japanese is currently thought to be a part of the Altaic family of languages, descending from the hypothesized Proto-Altaic language spoken by tribes in early Central Asia.
		The Japanese of this period is known as Old Japanese.
		A distinguishing feature of Old Japanese was that it had eight vowels and did not distinguish between long and short vowels.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/japanese2.html (842 words)

	non-jap
		Japanese who came to dominate the archipelago, are still to be found, living mainly in Hokkaido and struggling to maintain their distinctive and long-suppressed culture.
		Claims to that effect are based on the assumption that Japanese society is made up of a single ethnic group, "the Japanese." The concept is generally taken for granted, but I wish to suggest that it is not as unproblematic as people make out.
		However, the day their Japanese associates discover that they are of Korean extraction is the day they cease to be viewed as fellow Japanese.
	www.kyy.saitama-u.ac.jp /~fukuoka/non-jap.html (4935 words)

	Asia Times: Asia viewed from Japan By Yumiko Yamada
		Indeed, in their private life, most Japanese keep on living like many other Asian people, sitting on the floor on their tatami mats, and practicing the cult of their ancestors, since each home is provided with a Tokonoma, a small consecrated space devoted to this purpose.
		Nonetheless, the Japanese do not feel likened to their neighbors and, when asked to which country they feel closest, they generally answer that Japan is unique and that it may not be compared with any other country in Asia.
		The Japanese superiority over its neighbors was justified on the one hand by the stage of development Japan had already reached at that time and, on the other, by "supernatural" reasons linked, in particular, to the cult of the emperor.
	www.atimes.com /japan-econ/CD21Dh01.html (2235 words)

	statistics and surveys of japanese people
		The Japanese climate is influenced by geographhical extent, winter and summer monsoons, ocean currects and rugged topography.
		Japanese people do visit Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines to pray for whatever is on their mind, but this is more of a social practice than religious act as most of them don't even know what (who) they are praying to, let alone the teachings of that person (or god).
		The problem of the word lies in the fact that it lumps together all the nationalities besides Japanese and somewhat carries the implication that gaijin are "outsiders" and not to be considered as a member of the society.
	www.jun-gifts.com /others/factsaboutjapan/factsaboutjapan.htm (1439 words)

	Civilization III: Civ of the Week
		It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC.
		The summer of 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively.
		In Civilization III, the Japanese are considered a Militaristic and Religious civilization, therefore, they start with The Wheel and Ceremonial Burial, and have significant bonuses to military activities and religious pursuits.
	www.civ3.com /civoftheweek.cfm?civ=Japanese (921 words)

	[No title]
		The early Japanese probably took it for granted that the "world" was the world they knew and experienced in the Japanese archipelago.
		Japanese morality had traditionally been measured by the degree of honor or shame the individual brought upon the ancestors of his family.
		By spreading the worship of the imperial ancestors of all Japanese, the obligations individuals owed to their families and the local Shinto gods were sublimated and transformed into loyalty to the state.
	www.albany.edu /faculty/lr618/WEjap.html (9397 words)

	Modern Languages and Literatures Homepage \| Japanese
		Alongside this, elements of Japanese culture have swept across other countries, from the Western fascination with Zen during the 1960s, through the preoccupation in the States with Japanese business organization in the 1980s, to the current worldwide prominence of Japanese comic books, Japanese animation, and other elements of Japanese popular culture.
		Students also have a number of opportunities to continue contact with Japan and the Japanese language after graduation, whether it be an overseas internship or teaching English as a second language in Japan.
		William and Mary does not have a Japanese major, but it does offer an interdisciplinary concentration in East Asian Studies through the Reves Center, whereby students can combine their language study with coursework ranging from disciplines like history and anthropology to the art, literature, religions, and politics of Japan and its neighboring countries.
	www.wm.edu /modlang/japanese/index.php (250 words)

	Japanese and Other Outside Ties
		That ancient Korea had ties with the Japanese archipelago is in itself beyond doubt.
		As noted earlier, a particular bone of contention is the idea of a "Japanese" sphere of influence, indeed colony, in southern Korea - something Japanese historians refer to as Mimana Nihonfu, or the "Japanese Kaya administration".
		Japanese historians maintain direct Japanese control ceased in the early 5th century with the expansion of the Three Kingdoms.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~dkane/Outside.htm (1729 words)

	The Prehistoric Society - Membership
		In common with a number of books on Japanese archaeology, by Japanese archaeologists, it is still a book about the nature of identity amongst the inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago.
		Traditionally Japanese archaeologists have looked to the Korean Peninsula for the origin of the Yayoi and the source for incoming Yayoi populations.
		The Yayoi with its rice agriculture forms the basis of the modern Japanese rural way of life and is characterised by strategic knowledge and social order, whilst the Kofun period and its well-known keyhole-shaped monumental tombs witnesses the origins of the imperial heritage of modern Japan.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /prehistoric/reviews/03_02_mizoguchi.html (1878 words)

	Japan - Overseas Expansion
		With assistance from several Japanese nationalistic societies, the illegal Tonghak (Eastern Learning) nationalistic religious movement in Korea staged a rebellion that was crushed by Chinese troops.
		The victor's demands were such that a Japanese protectorate over China seemed in the offing, but an assassination attempt on Li Hongzhang, China's envoy to the peace talks, embarrassed Japan, which then quickly agreed to an armistice.
		Japanese nationalism intensified after the Russo-Japanese War, and a new phase of continental expansion began after 1905.
	countrystudies.us /japan/27.htm (932 words)

	Japan, 500-1000 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The introduction of Buddhism to the Japanese archipelago from China and Korea in the sixth century causes momentous changes amounting to a fundamentally different way of life for the Japanese.
		, Japanese civilization reaches its maturity, as imported continental influences are absorbed and adapted to native preferences and as interest in maintaining official ties with the mainland wanes.
		It is especially appealing to the Japanese aristocracy and profoundly affects the life and arts of the Early Heian period.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/06/eaj/ht06eaj.htm (1278 words)

	Kikkoman Soy Sauce - Food Forum - Okinawa: Land of Longevity
		Although a relatively small country, the Japanese archipelago offers up an amazing variety of regional cuisines: its mountains, coasts, plains and valleys all boast specialty foods that reflect each area's history, traditions and way of life.
		The ancient name for Okinawa is Ryukyu: linguistically, the Ryukyu language is considered a dialect of Japanese, and the Okinawan people belong to the same cultural lineage as those living on the Japanese mainland.
		The Ryukyu court sent cooks to the Japanese main islands to study Japanese cuisine—the better to serve the Kagoshima-appointed officials serving in the islands.
	www.kikkoman.com /forum/026/ff026.html (987 words)

	International Days: Japan
		Japan is an archipelago, or a group of islands, about 100 miles east of the Asian mainland.
		Japanese people are keenly aware of the four seasons, and the clothes they wear are always in keeping with the season.
		The Japanese are also very tuned in to the stages of their lives.
	www.cdli.ca /CITE/japan.htm (909 words)

	Ms
		In traditional Japanese history, the term “primitive age” is sometimes used to the period dating from the prehistoric age approximately 300,000 years ago.
		This is the period in which the Japanese archipelago was geographically separated the Eurasian continent.
		The geographical separation of the Japanese archipelago was one of the acts that prevented Japanese culture from developing beyond the Neolithic stage until much later.
	www.maxwell.syr.edu /plegal/tips/t5prod/amanwq2.html (685 words)

	[No title]
		Four Main Islands The archipelago consists of four main islands - Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshu and Hokkaido (Honsyhu being by far the largest and most populous of the four) - and about 3,900 smaller islands.
		They are also a more serious threat and the Japanese government currently spends billions of yen a year on one of the most sophisticated earthquake early warning system in the world - not that it works particularly well.
		Japanese people, as a matter of routine, nearly always greet each other by commenting on the weather, and the changing seasons still attract an unwarranted amount of attention from what is, after all, a largely urban society.
	www.csus.edu /indiv/b/benveniste/MIS1C/japan.doc (769 words)

	UH Press Journals: Korean Studies, vol. 20 (1996)
		Japanese chieftains anxious to receive technology transfers from the Korean states were obliged to send troops to intervene in the peninsular wars on behalf of the donor government.
		The Japanese colonial occupation of Korea provided the backdrop to this extreme example of the explosion of racial prejudice into violence, based on a history of antagonism.
		Conventional wisdom highlights the historical enmity and psychological barriers that separate Koreans and Japanese as a key explanatory variable for the tortured treaty process as well as the primary impediment to generally greater cooperation in the relationship.
	www.uhpress.hawaii.edu /journals/ks/KS20.html (1429 words)

	AN ESTIMATION FOR ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR EMISSION AND DEPOSITION OVER THE JAPANESE ARCHIPELAGO
		Next, as shown in Figure 1, the Japanese Archipelago was divided into 114 square meshes, and 15 climatic regions [4] were superimposed.
		The Japanese Archipelago is a region with one of the highest volcanic activities in the world and there are 83 active volcanoes in Japan including the Kurile Islands.
		An atmospheric sulfur emission and deposition for terrestrial and coastal regions of the Japanese Archipelago during the latter half of the 1980's is presented.
	www.worldenergy.org /wec-geis/publications/default/tech_papers/17th_congress/1_3_09.asp (3371 words)

	World Water Assessment Programme \| Case studies \| Greater Tokyo Region (Japan)
		The Japanese archipelago (consisting of four major islands, Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku, and about 3,900 smaller islands) lies on the eastern coast of the Asian continent.
		It stretches in a narrow arc that is 3,800 kilometers long, ranging from 20.25' to 45.33' north latitude between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula.
		The Tokyo Region Pilot Case Study of WWAP is led by the Japanese Government represented actively by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, and co-ordinated by the Secretariat of the Third Word Water Forum in Tokyo.
	www.unesco.org /water/wwap/case_studies/tokyo/index.shtml (588 words)

	Japanese language -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		But almost everyone in Japan uses standard Japanese as well as the dialect of his or her home area.
		Standard Japanese, originally the dialect spoken by the educated people of Tokyo, is now taught and understood throughout the...
		Korean and Japanese are unique variations derived from both the Ural-Altaic and Sino-Tibetan groups.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9109805 (770 words)

	Early Japanese History - FPRI
		Yet it would be a grave mistake to assume that the Japanese were always isolated on their islands off the northeastern coast of Asia— that their society and their culture were autogenous; that somehow they developed free of foreign influence.
		On the contrary, from the misty days of protohistory, the lives of the people who inhabited the Japanese archipelago were conditioned by processes of development radiating throughout the sphere of civilization called East Asia.
		There can be no doubt that he sought to articulate a central rationale for the operations of a Japanese imperial state, even if the famous “Seventeen-Article Constitution,” supposedly composed by him in the year 604, is most likely the construct of a later day, perhaps as late as the end of the seventh century.
	www.fpri.org /education/teachingjapan/elisonas.earlyjapanesehistory.html (2584 words)

	Dissertation Abstract: Origins of Writing in Early Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Coordinating archaeological discoveries and reinterpretations of well-known texts, this dissertation traces the early history of writing in the Japanese archipelago from the first appearances of inscribed objects to the rise of written vernacular styles and bureaucratic communication.
		Imported inscribed objects arrived in the archipelago from around the last century B.C.E., and in the 5th century swords with inscriptions referring to central kings, written by scribes from the Korean peninsula, began to appear in outlying regions.
		However, until the 7th century, such written objects functioned in a largely illiterate environment, in which their texts were rare symbols of political authority or spiritual power, laden with a great deal of meaning but rarely carrying a specific message.
	www.columbia.edu /~dbl11/dissabstract.html (379 words)

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