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Topic: Japanese Colonial Period

	History of Korea (1900–1950) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the entire colonial period, Korean students were required to pay their respects at a Shinto shrine, swear an oath of loyalty to the Emperor of Japan, and show their support for Japan's "Asia for Asians" policy.
		A "Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea" was established in Shanghai during the Period of Japanese Rule.
		Some have cited Japanese inventory logs and employees on the battlefield as evidence for this claim: one of the names on the list was of a comfort woman who stated she was forced to prostitute by the Japanese.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Japanese_Colonial_Period_(Korea) (3410 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Korea continued to be a Japanese colony until Japan's surrender to the Allied Forces on 15 August 1945.
		A Japanese school system was introduced, where subjects such as Korean history and language were dropped in favour of their Japanese equivalents.
		During the Colonial Period, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was established in Shanghai.
	www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/k/ko/korea.html (1627 words)

	South Korea - The Japanese Role in Korea's Economic Development
		The Japanese, who dominated Korea from the late 1890s to 1945 and who governed Korea as a colony from 19l0 to 1945, were responsible for the initial economic modernization of Korea.
		By the end of the colonial period, Japan had built an extensive infrastructure of roads, railroads, ports, electrical power, and government buildings that facilitated both the modernization of Korea's economy and Japan's control over the modernization process.
		Colonial economic growth was initiated through powerful government efforts to expand the economic infrastructure, to increase investment in human capital through health and education, and to raise productivity.
	countrystudies.us /south-korea/46.htm (449 words)

	History of Korea: Colonial Period
		According to the statistics of the Government-General for 1925, of all the farm deserters, 2.88 percent went to Manchuria and Siberia, 16.85 percent to Japan, and 46.39 percent were scattered in cities of Korea with marginal jobs.
		Expansion of Japanese colonial capital during the 1920s resulted in increased poverty and depression for Koreans, and it became a target of the resistance struggle.
		Colonial capitalism also stimulated the rise of socialist movements that were in vogue at that time.
	www.koreaaward.com /korea/history_ColonialPeriod_09.htm (1321 words)

	Language Purism in Korea
		The first period (1945-1954) involved the eradication of illiteracy and Chinese characters, the second period (1954-1964) involved the shift from the Seoul standard to the Pyongyang standard of speech, and the third (1964-present) involved the radical changes wrought by the re-engineering of the vocabulary(i.e., the eradication of Sino-Korean words)(Kumatani, 89).
		Japanese language had (and still has) negative connotations in Korea, especially because of the monolingual policy that the colonial authorities enforced, which, as Park states, "only served to intensify Korea's hostility toward Japan and awaken the Korean people to the grave danger of extinction that faced their language"(115).
		Japanese words are said to be common in Korean linguistics terminology and in the language of the carpentry and mining trades(Park, 124).
	www.fortunecity.com /victorian/exhibition/605/page31.html (4681 words)

	Korea - Colonial Period (History)
		The Japanese plan called for the seizure of state-owned unreclaimed land, military farms cultivated by troops, and the mobilization of Korean laborers for their reclamation.
		The Japanese attempted to bring all schools under government management, reduce the number of schools, subordinate the content of education to their colonial policy, and retard Korean education by lowering the level of academic content.
		The Japanese Government-General was constantly sensitive to the public awareness and education of Koreans.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/korea/history/colonial_period.htm (3354 words)

	EPAA Vol. 10 No. 14 Lee: Japanese Higher Education Policy in Korea
		The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of Japanese nationalistic thought on the administrative systems and structures of colonial and modern higher education in Korea, as well as to analyze Japanese higher educational policy in Korea during the colonial period (1910-1945).
		During the ‘Protectorate' period (1905-1910), the Japanese educational policy was chiefly the preparatory operation for colonization through the promulgation and practice of various educational ordinances and regulations.
		With the Meiji Rescript, the Educational Ordinance was a fundamental frame for governing colonial education in Korea until August 15, 1945, although the Japanese colonial administration revised and enacted several educational ordinances in 1922, 1938, and 1943 (Cheong, 1985; Jin-Eun Kim, 1988; Nam, 1962; Yu, 1992).
	epaa.asu.edu /epaa/v10n14.html (5587 words)

	Korean Literature (Character of Korean Literature, Korean Classical Literature, Modern Literature of Korea)
		The literature of the Koryo period is marked by an increased use of Chinese letters, the disappearance of Hyangga, and the emergence of Koryo kayo (Koryo songs) which continued to be transmitted as oral literature until the Choson period.
		The change from traditional to modern literature during the Enlightenment period was largely due to the effects of the New Education and the Korean Language and Literature movement.
		Mujong was not thoroughgoing in its apprehension of colonial period reality, but as a novel combining the fatalistic life of the individual with the Zeitgeist of the period, it is recognized as being modern in character.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/korea/literature.htm (5596 words)

	Liminality... the space in between \| Archive Entry #17
		Although the Japanese colonial period lasted less than half a century, it was not something that happened overnight.
		Although it failed in its ultimate goal of freeing Korea from Japanese colonial rule, it served to unite the independence movement both in Korea and in exile, and it made the Japanese reconsider their approach to ruling the Korean peninsula.
		The first item on the list was: “You hate the Japanese for no particular reason.” This may sound a bit harsh to outsiders, but after living in Korea for a while you begin to understand that no part of Korea was left untouched during the colonial period.
	www.liminality.org /archives/17 (1720 words)

	Outline of American Literature - Chapter I
		The first colony was set up in 1585 at Roanoke, off the coast of North Carolina; all its colonists disappeared, and to this day legends are told about blue-eyed Croatan Indians of the area.
		The Jamestown colony's main record, the writings of Captain John Smith, one of its leaders, is the exact opposite of Hariot's accurate, scientific account.
		And for the reason it was winter, and they that know the winters of that country know them to be sharp and violent, and subject to cruel and fierce storms...all stand upon them with a weatherbeaten face, and the whole country, full of woods and thickets, represented a wild and savage hue.
	usinfo.state.gov /products/pubs/oal/lit1.htm (5351 words)

	Names of Korea Information - TextSheet.com
		When Korea came under Japanese control in 1910, the country reverted to the name Joseon (the official name being the Japanese Chosen (朝鮮)).
		This has given rise to a widespread legend that says that the name "Korea" was created by the Japanese around the turn of the century.
		Since Japan was after Corea in alphabetical order, Japanese nationalists would have decided to change the upper-case "C" into a "K", thus changing "Corea" into "Korea." It is also said that this change occurred because the syllable ko (rather than co) is found in Japanese.
	www.medbuster.com /encyclopedia/n/na/names_of_korea.html (1102 words)

	South Korea - HUMAN RIGHTS
		In 1919 Koreans who had fled Japanese colonial rule established a government-in-exile in Shanghai that affirmed wide-ranging civil and political rights--freedoms of the ballot, religion, press, movement, property, and social and sexual equality.
		As colonial rule continued, many Korean nationalists came to assume the desirability of a modern legal order and due process of law, especially while experiencing dual legal standards and abuses such as torture and fabrication of evidence in political cases.
		Koreans serving in the colonial police and receiving training in the Japanese Imperial Army often absorbed the increasingly stringent and authoritarian perspective of Japanese militarism.
	countrystudies.us /south-korea/72.htm (1100 words)

	Korean religion – colonial period
		Thus, the prohibition of religious instruction in schools in 1915 (all instruction also was to be switched into Japanese, Western missionaries unable to speak Japanese being threatened with dismissal) and 10-years “grace period”.
		Kim – arrested by the Japanese, dies in captivity.
		Korean colonial context – Korean churches may be generally classified as “strong” (rigorous and demanding), participation in church life could psychologically compensate the absence of real national or free social life, and belonging to a church accorded “modern” status of an “enlightened”, “Westernised” person, many opportunities for network-building.
	www.geocities.com /uioeastasia2002/KSP11.htm (2936 words)

	frontline: kim's nuclear gamble: who are they?: some historical perspective \| PBS
		The Japanese colonial state was a harsh, highly militarized regime.
		The Japanese did modernize Korea to some extent, and began to industrialize the northern part of the country in the 1930s, but Japanese colonial rule did not teach Koreans anything about liberal democracy or how to build a free society.
		Thus, Japanese colonialism was another authoritarian layer of experience, on top of Korean tradition, that has influenced present-day North Korea.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/kim/them/historical.html (1411 words)

	Japanese colonial rule a blessing? at The Marmot’s Hole
		But, the industrialization of Korea under the period of Japanese rule created the seeds from which Korea had the technological knowledge and experience to make the most of their economic opportunities their relationship with the US and through the US, the industrialized world, after the Korean War.
		If Koreans were under Japanese rule today living with Japanese per capita incomes and their material luxuries but with Japanese names, it would still be the greatest disaster continuing to unfold among Koreans, and they would still be feeling that fact in their hearts.
		the japanese did occupy korea, but koreans were made part of the japanese empire, 2nd class to be sure, and the effort to japan-ize the population of the peninsula reflect that.
	blog.marmot.cc /archives/2005/03/05/japanese-colonial-rule-a-blessing (7427 words)

	Korean History:: A Bibliography :::::: [LATE 19TH CENTURY THRU 1945 - Post-1868 Relations with Japan and China]
		Caprio, Mark E. “Linguistic Colonialism and Nation Extensionism: The Case of Korea under Japanese Rule.” (Rikkyo daigaku gengo jinbun kiyo) Kotoba to ningen 1 (1999): 87-116.
		The Abacus and The Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895-1910.
		McCann, David R. “ Korea the Colony and the Poet Sowol.” In Marlene J. Mayo and J. Thomas Rimer, with H. Eleanor Kerkham, eds.
	www.hawaii.edu /korea/bibliography/late_19thC_thru_1945-japan_china_relations.htm (6310 words)

	General Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Korea's Response to Japan: The Colonial Period, 1910-1945.
		"Japanese Attitudes Toward the Chinese and the Koreans in History." Sociologia Internationalis 25:1 (1987): 85-96.
		"Historiographical Reflections on the Period 1750-1870 in Southeast Asia and Korea." Itinerario 18:1 (1994): 77-88.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~korstudy/bibliography/1.htm (4553 words)

	The Japanese Colonial Legacy In Korea :: Free Essays and Term Papers
		The Japanese Colonial Legacy In Korea North and South Korea are nations that while filled with contempt for Japan have used the foundations that Japan laid during the colonial period to further industrialization.
		During colonialism Korea's populace in increasing numbers moved to cities and became urbanized these new urbanites worked in factories and were used to the organization of modern commerce.
		Japan's legacy of colonialism in Korea is felt not only in the many graves and monuments that attest to Japanese brutality but also in the modern cities of South Korea and the heavy industries along the Yalu River in the North.
	www.ez-essays.com /free/2581.html (903 words)

	The Asia Pages: A Vocabulary Sans Japanese Words (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Also, why can't the Korean people admit that although the Japanese colonial period was an unfortunate period of history, it did in fact open and introduce Korea -- albeit forcibly -- to the modern world and modern way of doing things for the first time in its history.
		It helps that Japanese consist of 3 modes, and the writing is a mix of all 3: Kanji (chinese characters), hira-kana (japanese plain characters; basic), kata-kana(japanese secondary characters; nowadays used primarily for the gairai-go; so words like salary-men and risutora(restructuring; layoff) are in kata-kana).
		I'm not sure how Taiwanese fits into it, but these differences are not just because of the colonial period but also because Korea had a far closer relationship with Japan after the 1960s than it did with China.
	asiapages.typepad.com /the_asia_pages/2005/08/_a_vocabulary_s.html (4267 words)

	The Marmot's (Final) Hole: More Japanese Colonial Photographs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		For the "March 1 Independence Movement" anniversary, the Chosun is running a series of photographs (which was previewed was back when) documenting the horrors of Japanese colonialism.
		The Japanese are the ones who started educating Koreans, doubled their life expectancy, and turned a poor, corrupt "slave kingdom" into an industrialized country.
		The Japanese did not have to threaten the king's father or anybody else to kill Queen Min; she had a reputation for being heartless and had many enemies.
	marmot.blogs.com /korea/2004/02/more_japanese_c.html (3250 words)

	Rudy DiMickele's TaeKwonDo
		One of Korea's most respected independence fighters, Ahn was a softspoken but powerful orator who helped forge the Korean independence movement during the Japanese colonial period.
		He decided that Korea would require tremendous change if it were ever to become strong enough to maintain its autonomy in the midst of the great powers surrounding the tiny country.
		For certain, he will long be remembered as a major figure during Korea's struggle to break the Japanese colonial grip in the early twentieth century and restore Korean independence.
	www.franklinsidekicks.com /AhnChangho.htm (756 words)

	AAS Abstracts: Korea Session 99 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A great deal of discussion is taking place among Koreanists regarding the objectivity of scholarly research on the Japanese colonial period in Korea (1910-1945).
		According to some scholars in Korea, studies of the period by their American counterparts has tended to credit contemporary South Korea's economic success to the colonial legacy, while American Koreanists sometimes consider the analyses of the period by Koreans predisposed to the influence of nationalism.
		A few meetings have been held, but many more candid, open, public debates are needed to enable younger scholars interested in the period to pursue studies, and engage in research, writing and publication.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1997abst/korea/k99.htm (281 words)

	Pacific Neighborhood Consortium 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		study of Taiwanese Buddhism from the Ming-Zheng Period and the Qing Dynasty to present, and analyze the situation and development of Taiwan Buddhist history and thought throughout its history, then to digitalize all the available material and make it freely accessible on the internet by users around the world.
		This section concentrates on the "South Seas Buddhist Association," the highest official Buddhist organization established by the Japanese Vice regal government, this journal was published for nineteen years beginning in 1922.
		At the same time, many other collections of the Japanese colonial period Buddhist Texts has been found recently, and then been digitalized with the XML Markup and Metadata.
	www.hpcc.nectec.or.th /PNCXYZ/abdetail.php?id=89 (217 words)

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