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	Japanese Experiment Module
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Kibo (Hope) is the Japanese contribution to the International Space Station.
		The Experiment Logistics Module (ELM) contain a pressurized section to serve the PM and an unpressurized section to serve the EF.
		It is intended as a storage and transportation module.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ja/Japanese_Experiment_Module.html (172 words)

	Encyclopedia: Japanese Experiment Module
		As of August 2004, NASA plans to launch the entire JEM complex in three flights: In cargo transport, payload is the valuable contents of the vehicle.
		Zarya module as seen from STS-88 (NASA) Zarya (meaning sunrise), also known as the Functional Cargo Block or the FGB (the Russian Acronym), was the first module launched of the International Space Station.
		ISS Unity module (NASA) The first U.S.-built component of the International Space Station, a cylinder shaped connecting module with six passageways, or nodes, named Unity, was the primary cargo of Space Shuttle mission STS-88, launched in December 1998 as the first mission dedicated to assembly of the...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Japanese-Experiment-Module (1183 words)

	Research Modules
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), also known by the name Kibo, is the segment of ISS developed by the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan for the purpose of supporting research and development experiments in Earth orbit.
		The JEM Exposed Facility (JEM-EF) is an un-pressurized pallet structure exposed to space for the purpose of experimental research in areas such as communications, space science, engineering, materials processing, and earth observation.
		The Columbus module is contributed to ISS by ESA.
	stationpayloads.jsc.nasa.gov /E-basicaccomodations/E1.html (908 words)

	International Space Station - Japanese Experiment Module (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Japanese materials processing and life science research will be conducted in the Japanese Experiment Module, which also has an external platform, airlock and robotic manipulator for "in-space" or exposed experiments.
		Experiments claim the remaining ten, five of which will be for use by the National Space Development Agency of Japan, the other half by NASA.
		The Exposed Facility is attached to the Pressurized Module and often is referred to as the Module's "back porch." Many of its experiments are designed to be handled by the Japanese Experiment Module's Remote Manipulator System, relieving astronauts of the need to conduct spacewalks when changing or manipulating them.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/spacestation/components/japanese_module.html (299 words)

	Japanese Experiment Module - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Kibō (希望, Hope) is the Japanese contribution to the International Space Station.
		It is of cylindrical shape, 11.2 m long and 4.4 m in diameter.
		As of August 2004, NASA plans to launch the entire JEM complex in three flights:
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Japanese_Experiment_Module (230 words)

	Component of the International Space Station (4) Japanese Experiment Module "Kibo"
		The module will be equipped with ten experiment racks installed on walls, on which various experiments including material tests and life science experiments will be conducted.
		The air pressure in the module will be kept at one atmosphere, which is the same level as that on Earth, and the temperature and humidity will be also be controlled at a comfortable level to allow crew members to work in normal clothing.
		Experiments such as material tests, Earth observation, measurement of the space environment, communications tests, etc. are planned to be conducted on this facility to make use of vacuum and the weightless space environment.
	spaceinfo.jaxa.jp /note/yujin/e/yuj0012_jem_e.html (377 words)

	International Space Station \| NASDA
		The pressurized module of Kibo, the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) of the International Space Station (ISS), is now under preparation for MEIT-III*, which is scheduled in late August to September.
		The pressurize module was delivered to the Space Station Processing Facility in the NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on June 5.
		The primary purposes of ISS are to provide a facility where we can conduct experiments and research for a long term by utilizing environment peculiar to the space, to promote science and technology by utilizing the results of such research, and to contribute to daily lives and industries on the Earth.
	www.nasda.go.jp /projects/iss/index_e.html (627 words)

	The Laboratories
		G (microgravity) to 2 x G. Unique among ISS modules, this module will permit long-term study of the effects of varying gravity levels on the structure and function of generations of living organisms and test methods for countering the negative results of those variations.
		The Experiment Modules and their inserts will be replaceable in orbit, so an entire rack will not have to be returned to Earth.
		There will be a single experiment module in each rack with the experiment support systems taking the left half of the rack and an Experiment Module taking the right half of the rack.
	aerospacescholars.jsc.nasa.gov /HAS/cirr/ss/5/2.cfm (2451 words)

	Press Release for Bakabon Space Module
		The Japanese name "Kibo", which in English means "hope", stands for something that is expected and desired to be accomplished in the future.
		JEM is an overpriced laboratory for space research and experiments which shares the common "hope" for the future of humanity as exibited by the well-loved Bakabon.
		The red obi represents the earth, sun, and the Japanese flag, while the blue pajama bottoms represent the sky and the endless expanse of space beyond the sky.
	www.weedrecords.net /nasa/Bakabon%20Press%20RElease.htm (391 words)

	NASDA Japanese Experiment Module
		Conceived in 1985, JEM consists of a pressurised laboratory mainly dedicated to advanced technology experiments, a logistics module, an unpressurised pallet for vacuum experiments in space plus a small robotic arm.
		In 1986 the Japanese contribution was estimated to be worth $1.9-3.2 billion for a JEM launch in 1995.
		The delays increased the JEM's total cost slightly, from $2.3 billion in 1986 to $2.63 billion in 1993, when the launch was postponed to 1999.
	www.fplib.org /partners/mwade/craft/nasodule.htm (295 words)

	NASA Spinoff 1996-International Space Station
		Among key additions to the core configuration are the remaining modules of the U.S.-built solar array; the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), to be delivered in 2000; and the U.S. habitation module (February 2002), which contains the galley, toilet, shower, sleep stations and medical facilities.
		In addition, the JEM has an exposed "back porch" with 10 mounting spaces for experiments that require long duration contact with the space environment; the JEM has a small robotic arm for moving back porch payloads.
		The four modules of the solar array, generating a combined 92 kilowatts of power, rotate on the truss to maximize their exposure to the Sun.
	www.sti.nasa.gov /tto/spinoff1996/5.html (1101 words)

	Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) "KIBO"
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) "KIBO," the first Japanese manned experimental facility, will be docked to the ISS in 2006.
		The Pressurized Module which is 11.2 metres long and 4.4 metres in diameter, will allow astronauts to work in a comfortable environment with air composition and pressure similar to Earth’s.
		We expect the module to be a place where scientists conduct experiments and surveys that will help create a better, more hopeful future for our planet.
	www.jaxa.jp /missions/projects/iss_human/jem/index_e.html (473 words)

	Feasibility Study for Deployment of Grand Astronomical Observatory by Astronauts on Japanese Experiment Module of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Japanese EUSO team directed by Dr. Toshikazu Ebisuzaki at RIKEN have joined the accommodation study of EUSO to Columbus External Payload Facility from March through December 2000.
		JEM workbench offer the environment of deployment and assembling large astronomical instruments with a diameter of 10m.
		The XEUS for next generation satellite for X-ray astronomy could be assembled in the enhanced workbench, which is attached to the JEM pressuerized facility in replace of the whole of exposure facility.
	www4.jsforum.or.jp /public/report/h12_report/ebisuzaki/ebisuzakie.html (1919 words)

	FLUG REVUE October 2000: Zvezda module docks to ISS
		Originally it was planned that, as MIR 2, it would replace its predecessor, which is still orbiting the earth, but, as is known, that project died a quiet death with the collapse of the Soviet Union.
		But without the module the entire ISS would have stood under a question mark, as Zvezda was the only module on the station to contain living quarters for astronauts together with life support, power supply, data management, flight control and propulsion systems.
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), known as "Kibo" (Japanese for "hope"), will not be ready until at least 2006, two years behind schedule.
	www.flug-revue.rotor.com /FRheft/FRH0010/FR0010g.htm (1723 words)

	Japanese Experiment Module -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Kibō (希望, Hope) is the (A constitutional monarchy occupying the Japanese Archipelago; a world leader in electronics and automobile manufacture and ship building) Japanese contribution to the (additional info and facts about International Space Station) International Space Station.
		On May 30, 2003 the PM left Japan for (additional info and facts about John F. Kennedy Space Center) John F. Kennedy Space Center.
		As of August 2004, (An independent agency of the United States government responsible for aviation and spaceflight) NASA plans to launch the entire JEM complex in three flights:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/J/Ja/Japanese_Experiment_Module.htm (296 words)

	Kibo Japanese Experiment Module in Space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In order to efficiently conduct space experiments in Kibo and to foster utilization of Kibo by researchers in various research fields, the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) is now developing various experiment equipment.
		This experiment together with equipment that generally supports experiments in Kibo's Pressurized Module are collectively called the "Multiuser Experiment Facility".
		Five experiment racks containing Japanese equipment, a Freezer Refrigerator rack to store experiment samples and medicine, and stowage racks to store experiment samples and equipment are available in Kibo's Pressurized Module.
	idb.exst.jaxa.jp /edata/02230/199912E02230030/199912E02230030.htm (261 words)

	Space Station User's Guide \| SpaceRef
		The Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), also known by the name "Kibo", is a module built by Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA).
		JEM has the prime function of supporting a wide range of life science and materials processing research and development experiments.
		The JEM-PM is a lab module similar in design and function to the U.S. Lab and the Columbus APM.
	www.spaceref.com /iss/elements/jem.html (1053 words)

	ISS Kibo (Japanese Experiment Module - JEM) - Summary
		Two experimental facilities, the Pressurized Module and Exposed Facility, logistics modules attached to each of them and, a Manipulator to be used for experiments or for ORU changeout tasks.
		Ten experiment racks equipped with various devices are located inside the Pressurized Module.
		Astronauts exchange experiment payloads or devices from the pressurized module mainly utilizing the Kibo manipulator.
	www.spaceandtech.com /spacedata/platforms/iss-kibo_sum.shtml (223 words)

	Boeing To Prepare New Science Components For International Space Station
		The Node-2 module, built for the European Space Agency by Alenia Spazio in Italy, arrived yesterday by cargo plane at the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, Fla. and was offloaded.
		It will also be the attachment point for the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module, the Japanese H II Transfer Vehicle and it will carry a docking adapter for the space shuttle.
		The nodes are interconnecting elements for the laboratory and habitation modules.
	www.boeing.com /news/releases/2003/q2/nr_030603s.html (484 words)

	International Space Station - Components & Structures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Boeing-built U.S. lab module, Destiny (already on orbit), combined European and Japanese laboratories together provide 33 payload racks; additional science rack space is available in the three Russian laboratory modules.
		The Japanese Experiment Module has an exposed platform for experiments that require direct contact with the space environment.
		Zarya: The Control Module: A 21-ton power, communication and spacecraft control element that on Nov. 20, 1998, was rocketed into history as the first International Space Station component to be sent into orbit.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/spacestation/components (688 words)

	Space Today Online - Spacefaring Japan - International Space Station JEM module
		JEM is a package of three enclosed modules and an exposed platform to be attached to the station outside truss for space environment experiments.
		The JEM components will be assembled in space over the course of three shuttle missions, probably in 2004-2005.
		Experiments included studies of the effects of very low gravity in space near Earth on material processes and living organisms.
	www.spacetoday.org /Japan/Japan/SpaceStation.html (1125 words)

	The Japanese Experiment Module for the International Space Station Nicknamed "Kibo" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The nickname was selected from among the 20,227 entries from the public, 132 of which proposed the nickname "Kibo" written either in Chinese characters or Japanese kana alphabet.
		The nickname was chosen to symbolize JEM as a laboratory embodying the universal hope for the future of the Earth and hu-mankind in the internationally run ISS as we approach the new century.
		Takuya Ohnuki, an art director, with an airplane representing the hope for the future carried by the ISS, and a red circle representing the national flag of Japan and the sun against the background of a blue sky representing, was also announced.
	www.mext.go.jp /english/news/1999/04/990405.htm (236 words)

	SPACE.com -- Japanese Engineers to Practice Using Satellite's Robotic Arm
		WASHINGTON Japanese space engineers will be getting more experience in moving heavy payloads about in space using a satellites robotic arm system in preparation for work aboard the International Space Station.
		The exercise is crucial to Japans planned usage of their experiment module for the International Space Station.
		Once the Japanese experiment module is launched and installed aboard the ISS, Japanese astronauts will use a robotic arm to move payloads about that are to be mounted on the exterior of the module in an unpressurized pallet.
	search.space.com /news/japan_tests.html (520 words)

	INSIDE THE JAPANESE EXPERIMENT MODULE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Japanese Experiment Module cutaway drawings from 1989 (large ill.) and the current version (small ill.)
		Like the other International Space Station modules, the interior of the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) consists of modular refrigerator-sized “payload racks.” JEM has twelve such racks but some are required for the module’s internal functions.
		Like the other Space Station modules, the original JEM concept from 1987 would have been controlled from a large "Workstation" console (bottom).
	www.abo.fi /%7Emlindroo/Station/Slides/sld096.htm (120 words)

	Publication Abstracts- Aerospace Medical Association
		From the experience of developing the JEM systems, the author will specify a conceptual framework of a human factors approach in space.
		In the JEM development, four major factors were identified: Habitability, Operation, Physiology, and Psychology.
		Second, the several phases of the JEM development cycle should be considered.
	www.asma.org /journal/abstracts/v71n9sup/v71n9pa108.html (210 words)

	Japanese Space Agencies
		The early Japanese sounding rocket and satellite program was conducted by a group at the University of Tokyo which in 1964 became the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Sciences [ISAS].
		Since the first launch of a Japanese satellite in 1970, the country has become a major spacepower, perhaps surpassed in all Europe and Asia by only the Russian Federation and the multi-national ESA (References 50-51).
		By 1994, the Japanese government was investing in excess of $2.5 billion annually, and, as space budgets in the West decline, Japanese expenditures continue to experience real growth.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/world/japan/agency.htm (1016 words)

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