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Topic: Japanese Long Lance torpedo

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	Torpedo
		Japanese training was intensive, brutal (the North Pacific during the winter is not a tranquil place) and all encompassing.
		The Japanese lost one ship (don't remember which one) when the torpedoes were touched off by otherwise minor gunnery damage, and they did jettison torpedoes on more than one occasion when this was threatened.
		Torpedoes are also expensive compared to main gun rounds, even when you compare the number of the shells that have to be fired to get the same effect.
	southwynde.tripod.com /torpedo.htm (980 words)

	Type 93 torpedo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Type 93 was a 610 mm (24 inch) diameter torpedo of the Imperial Japanese Navy.
		Called the " Long Lance " by US sailors (a nickname attributed to Samuel E. Morison, a historian who spent much of the war in the Pacific theater), it was the most advanced torpedo in the world at the time.
		Too large to fit in the standard 21-inch torpedo tubes, it was usually launched from the decks of surface ships, but some submarines also had deck-mounted launchers.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/type_93_torpedo (245 words)

	American submarine torpedoes in World War II
		The Japanese, always ready to one-up their potential enemies, developed the 24-inch Type 93 "Long Lance" oxygen torpedo, with a 1,720-pound warhead, that has generally been recognized as probably the most effective anti-shipping torpedo ever fielded.
		This was a destroyer torpedo, but Japanese submarines were equipped with the 21-inch Type 95 oxygen torpedo, with an 893-pound warhead (increased to 1,213 pounds in the Model 2 version.
		With the older, straight-running torpedoes, it had been necessary to aim the submarine at the target—or, really, at where the target would be by the time the torpedo reached it.
	www.fleetsubmarine.com /torpedoes.html (2532 words)

	Destroyer Command - History
		The massive Japanese 24-inch torpedo, a closely-guarded state secret, carried a warhead half again as large as that tipping the 21-inch torpedoes standard in the American, British, Italian and German navies.
		In 1933 the Japanese introduced the oxygen-fueled Type 93 &#34;Long Lance"; torpedo, with a speed of 49 knots and a maximum range of 22,000 yards, three times that of American torpedoes.
		These torpedo boats in practice proved dangerously overloaded (a Japanese torpedo boat capsized in a gale in 1934) and far less capable than true destroyers.
	www.destroyercommand.com /campaigns.html (3127 words)

	Long-Lance Torpedo
		A torpedo is a self-propelled projectile carrying a warhead which detonates against a ship's side below the waterline.
		In 1941 the Japanese Navy was the third largest navy in the world, after the US Navy and the Royal Navy.
		Most destroyers and cruisers were fitted with the 24-inch Long Lance torpedo.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWlonglance.htm (121 words)

	Japanese, Conquests, WW2, Pearl Harbor, Midway, Coral Sea, Akagi, Kaga, Soryu, Hiryu, Attu, Kiska, Crutchley, ABDA
		They are soon overwhelmed by the gunfire and torpedoes of the covering cruisers and destroyers and sink in the opening minutes of the 1st March.
		The Japanese forces retreat, Midway is spared, and the Allies have their first major strategic victory of World War 2.
		After the Japanese presence is discovered, the US 1st Marine Division is landed on the 7th, soon capturing the airstrip which is renamed Henderson Field.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsJapConquests.htm (5579 words)

	Mechanisms of Imperial Japanese Navy Warships in 3-D
		type 92 mounts were a lightly armored box used to house four torpedo tubes for the 24 inch Type 93 Model 1 or 2 "Long Lance" oxygen-powered torpedoes.
		These torpedoes had a maximum speed of 48-50 knots and at slower speeds (36-38 knots), had a maximum range of about 40,000 meters (25 miles) !.
		The torpedoes were ejected by compress air during firing and could be reloaded from the rear in some ships.
	www.ijn.dreamhost.com /Torpedo%20Tubes/Torpedo%20-%20Type%2092%2024%20inch%20quadruple.htm (81 words)

	Japanese Navy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		But the Japanese, remembering the case with which they had destroyed the Russians in 1904 — 05, believed that America lacked the will to fight a long war, and had sublime confidence in their own fighting ability.
		The greatest advantage enjoyed by the Japanese Navy was the possession of the superb 'Long Lance' torpedo, a 24in oxygen-driven weapon with high speed and very long range.
		As Japanese destroyers were equipped w ith reload torpedoes they were often able to fool opponents into thinking that they had fired all their torpedoes.
	www.socc.ie /~smurray1/The_Armies/Japanese_Navy/japanese_navy.html (524 words)

	All News 2002 on www.Aviapress.com. Model kits, Military Books and Magazines - the choice of the whole internet.
		Torpedo Boats of The Russian Fleet book just have been printed and is available for online ordering (price $9.95).
		Combat application of the MBR-2 was held during conflicts with the Japanese at Lake Khasan in 1937.
		As a result of an intense armed struggle between large units of the Red Army's 39th Rifle Corps and Japanese units of the Kwantung and Korean Army, Mikado's troops were ousted from the Soviet territory, and the territorial conflict was settled on conditions favourable for the USSR.
	www.aviapress.com /news2002.htm (12862 words)

	Kamikaze Submarines
		The Japanese Long Lance torpedo was one of the most effective underwater weapons of the second world war.
		It was not, however, in use for very long during the war as Japan ran out of warships that were capable of delivering it and the Long Lances were left in storage.
		They derived their name from a Japanese legend in which the invading forces of Kublai Kahn were blown away from Japan's shores by a wind generated by the god Tenshi, the Son of Heaven.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/world_war_2/86099 (581 words)

	the Transpacific Voyage of the I-400
		She was armed with eight torpedo tubes, a 5.5 inch 50 caliber deck gun, a bridge 25mm antiaircraft gun, and three triple 25mm A/A mounts atop her hangar.
		The torpedo was carted to the middle of an open field, where a junior rating was handed a wrench and instructed to open the oxygen valve after the rest of us had retreated to a safe distance; in response to a shouted order he spun open the valve and darted to safety.
		He told us that he'd manned his Kaiten torpedoes, but had decided that conventional torpedoes were adequate for such a simple attack: it was a clear moonlit night with a calm sea, a target proceeding at moderate speed without zigzagging, an advantageous position forward of her beam, and no signs of sonar transmissions or escorts.
	www.pacerfarm.org /i-400/i-400.htm (11607 words)

	IANTD Nitrox Diver Scuba Diving Magazine ean eanx trimix rebreather cave wreck decompression (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The USS Atlanta was also the flagship of Rear Admiral Norman Scott, and as the two antagonists met she was caught in the glare of Japanese searchlights, to which she promptly replied with a salvo of five inch shells from her main guns.
		108m/350ft long and is bristling with armament, four five inch guns, seven 20mm Oerlikons, two dual 40mm Bofors and a brace of five 21" torpedo tubes (with one warhead laying on the deck and another poking out of a tube) while a large search-light sits on a tall pedestal behind the rear funnel.
		Other Japanese transports lie beached, one with her bow almost out of the water while the stern rests in 58msw/190fsw, and these are the ones regularly dived by visiting divers.
	www.iantd.com /articles2.html (6922 words)

	The U.S. Army Professional Writing Collection
		The Japanese Navy developed the Type 93 Long Lance torpedo that carried a large warhead and could travel 20,000 yards or more at speeds of up to 45 knots.
		In consequence, the Japanese trained to fight at night, with radically maneuvering destroyers and cruisers that fired torpedoes.
		U.S. torpedoes were quite slow, carried a smaller warhead, had a range of less than 10,000 yards, and often failed to explode even when striking a target.
	www.army.mil /professionalwriting/volumes/volume1/october_2003/10_03_1_pf.html (4329 words)

	LemaireSoft's US Torpedo Destroyer: global (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The ligneage of the classical 1500 Tonner was interrupted to answer to a new tactical thinking, which gave priority to the torpedo in the armament of a destroyer.
		The same basis idea led the Japanese to develop their "long lance" torpedo, with which they kept an edge over their American opponents in torpedo warfare for the whole war.
		The series of the US torpedo destroyers is easily recognizable thanks to the single funnel and the four turrets (here two are opened).
	users.swing.be /classen1/classe1/635.html (194 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War II Pacific naval campaigns -- submarine campaign
		The Japanese merchant marine was almost completely destroying, cutting the country's war industries off from supplies and bringing the country close to starvation by 1945.
		The Japanese which entered the War with a substantial submarine force armed with the world's most effective torpedo did not play an important part in the War.
		The Japanese had smaller subs for coastal patrol, but the backbone of the fleet was the I-class boats.
	histclo.com /essay/war/ww2/sea/pac/ncp-sub.html (897 words)

	SpaceBattles.com - Nazi Germany vs. the Empire of Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Japanese cities are cinders, the IJN has suffered horrendous casualties to air attack, and its merchant fleet is all but destroyed.
		Japanese force fight on in North Africa and the Carriers with their new Zeros, Judys and Kates inflict serious defeats on the Italian navy, but they are now a marginal front.
		Japanese cities were very susceptible to incendiaries, and until the navy gets the Zero in August of 1940 and the air force the Oscar in late 1941 the Japanese have to make do with very mediocre designs.
	kier.3dfrontier.com /forums/archive/index.php/t-33648.html (14692 words)

	A New Look at the Battle for Leyte Gulf
		The Japanese continued to strengthen their hold on Leyte and one month later the enemy garrison there had actually more than doubled.
		But defeat was not in the Japanese lexicon, so a number of desperate measures were undertaken in the futile effort to roll back MacArthur’s invasion attempt, including the sacrifice of the Empire’s two proudest battleships—the world’s largest--and scores of kamikazes.
		And the Japanese very nearly claimed another one of the escorting “tin cans”—the CALDWELL (DD-605)—except for the bravery of one of the Corsair air cover pilots.
	www.dd-692.com /a%20new%20look%20at%20leyte%20gulf.htm (3221 words)

	Yasukuni Jinja Yushukan (Yasukuni Shrine) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Most of the displays are in Japanese only, with only large placards in english.
		Japanese veteran groups raised funds to return the locomotive to Japan in 1979.
		Japanese "Long Lance" torpedo, displayed in front of the Kaiten.
	www.pacificwrecks.com /restore/yasukuni.html (641 words)

	II
		The first Talbot (Torpedo Boat No. IB) was named for Lt. John Gunnell Talbot; the second and third Talbots (Destroyer No. 114 and DEG-4, respectively) were named for Capt.
		She arrived at Pearl Harbor exactly a week after the Japanese raid, patrolled off the islands for 10 days, and returned to San Diego.
		During the landing of assault troops the next morning, a Japa nese "long-lance" torpedo sank Strong (DD-467), one of the destroyers of the bombardment group.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/t1/talbot-ii.htm (2549 words)

	THE CWA HOME PAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The American and British-built Australian heavy cruisers, like the Japanese, also mounted 8" guns (the treaty limit for heavy cruisers) but point-blank clashes found their rate-of-fire to be too slow and the ships themselves vulnerable to Japanese 8" shells.
		By contrast the Japanese Type 93 Long Lance 24" torpedo that armed most of their ships was one of the most deadly weapons of World War Two.
		The decisive factor in the defeat of the Japanese was luck.
	www.cr005a0233.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /pagearticles.htm (2129 words)

	Japanese Heavy Cruisers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		All joking aside, Japanese cruisers packed an unparalleled punch for their size as the result of carrying the Long Lance torpedo - as many as sixteen tubes and eight additional reloads!
		As a result, like many Japanese warships, they tended to be overloaded and somewhat top-heavy.
		However, they comported themselves well during the war, and were accorded a healthy respect by their foes.
	www.combinedfleet.com /ca.htm (95 words)

	Historic Naval Ships Visitors Guide - Japanese Kaiten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The design for the Japanese Kaiten was originally based on the highly successful surface-launched Type 93 "Long Lance" torpedo.
		An escape hatch was not provided for Kaitens built late in the war, and, in any case, no pilot is known to have attempted to escape from his speeding torpedo as it approached its target (Carpenter and Polmar, Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy, p.
		In the Japanese human torpedo program, eight mother submarines and almost 900 lives were lost.
	www.maritime.org /hnsa-kaiten.htm (253 words)

	Robert Gannon: Hellions of the Deep
		Submarine skippers reported that most of their torpedoes were either missing the targets or failing to explode if they did hit.
		The United States had to work fast if it expected to compete with the Japanese Long Lance, the biggest and fastest torpedo in the world, and Germany's electric and sonar models.
		The largest center for torpedo work was a requisitioned gymnasium at Harvard University, where the most famous names in science worked with the best graduate students from all around the country at the business of war.
	www.psupress.psu.edu /books/titles/0-271-01508-X.html (461 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The navies of the Japanese Empire, USA, Britain, the Netherlands, and Australia are represented, but the US Navy is by far the major Allied force.
		From this point on the Japanese are on the defensive, with the primary question being whether they have a big enough POC lead and sufficient positional pluses to hold the lead through turn 8.
		The Japanese player is blessed with superior numbers in the beginning and a superb central port at Truk.
	grognard.com /reviews/vitp.txt (1789 words)

	Netwings - Quality downloads for CFS3/CFS2, IL2 Sturmovik and FS2002
		The Japanese 'long lance' torpedo was better and so you can be a bit faster and higher.
		If anyone still has the manual for that game it has all the instructions, I don't, but off the top of my head you need to be about 100-200ft, 150kt max for Japanese torpedo runs and 80-120ft 100ktish max for American.
		The trick is to launch your torpedos from a distance using an 'anvil attack' (you can see one of these happening in the screenshot in one of the above posts -two torpedos coming in at an angle from different directions, so if the ship turns it always presents itself to a torpedo).
	www.netwings.org /pages?page=faq/torpedoes.htm (232 words)

	SimHQ.com - Naval Combat Zone – Straight Running Torpedo Attacks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A torpedo is, in general, not much faster than its target, and in some cases it is even slower.
		The most number of torpedoes carried by a US destroyer class was 16 aboard the Bagley/Benham/Gridley class, and the destroyers of most nations carried about half that number.
		The optimum firing position is influenced by the aiming problem itself and the ability of the target to evade the attack.
	www.simhq.com /_naval/naval_009a.html (517 words)

	Bruce Felknor's American Merchant Marine Historians Page
		Sailors in convoys where such cataclysms occurred are unanimous: the explosion is horrendous, there is a rising cloud of dust or vapor, and nothing falls to earth.
		But it was rigidly opposed by others, swayed by the leaders of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars, who had been persuaded by a series of lies and misunderstandings about the merchant marine circulated most effectively by newspaper columnists, Westbrook Pegler and Walter Winchell, who also had a national radio audience.
		Only a few hundred of the 8,412 killed died a quick death when their tanker or ammunition ship was disintegrated by torpedo or bombs.
	www.usmm.org /felknor.html (2291 words)

	Talbot II dd 114
		During the landing of assault troops the next morning a Japanese "long-lance" torpedo sank Strong (DD-167), one of the destroyers of the bombardment group
		On the 17th, she captured a survivor of a wrecked Japanese boat.
		The ship developed engine trouble and anchored in the transport area where an enemy plane dropped a stick of bombs off her port bow, but caused no damage.
	www.multied.com /navy/destroyer/dest2/TalbotIIdd114.html (1952 words)

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