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Topic: Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces

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	HyperWar: Handbook on Japanese Military Forces
		Instead, naval landing parties were organized temporarily from fleet personnel for a particular mission and were returned to their ships at its conclusion.
		Special naval landing forces were used extensively in landing operations on the China coast beginning with 1932, and often performed garrison duty upon capturing their objective.
		Special naval landing forces, or similar organizations, are occupying a number of outlying bases, because the Army has been reluctant to take over the defenses of these outposts.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/Japan/IJA/HB/HB-5-1.html (1383 words)

	Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces
		The Special Naval Landing Forces, at least at the start of the war, were highly-trained units who recognized that their position in the forefront of amphibious landing operations made them a sort of elite, and who evidenced correspondingly high motivation and morale as well.
		In December 1941 several Special Naval Landing Forces participated in the Japanese invasion of the Philippines, and especially the multiple landing operations aimed at the main northern island of Luzon.
		But most of the Special Naval Landing Forces and the more improvised naval ground units raised in the final two years of the war were a far cry from the well-trained units which led the way in the early successful Pacific offensives [ 2 ].
	www.geocities.com /dutcheastindies/SNLF.html (2596 words)

	Townsville saved from a 300 aircraft Japanese air raid
		The Japanese operational plans called for six large aircraft carriers of the Japanese combined fleet to sail from Truk and head south of the Solomons and then west into the Coral Sea.
		Following the invasion of Port Moresby, the six Japanese aircraft carriers were due to head southwards to mount a massive 300 aircraft air-raid on Townsville.
		Japanese intelligence knew that USS Lexington was in Pearl Harbor so that left only one aircraft carrier, the Yorktown in the South Pacific.
	home.st.net.au /~dunn/ozatwar/tvsaved.htm (578 words)

	Military Doctrine: Conventional Forces Japan Alternate History
		Japanese scenarios start with an attack on the enemy possessions and forces in the western Pacific, with or without a declaration of war.
		Once the U.S. naval aviation is broken and air superiority secured, denying use of the skies by the U.S. planes and securing its use by the Japanese, the missile boats will come forward, and using its anti-ship weapons engage in a long range missile duel.
		It is expected that an aggressor will attempt to assure the safety of its landing forces by concentrating its naval and air assets to secure overwhelming combat power at the time and on the point they choose.
	www.angelfire.com /gundam/japanese_empire/altjap/doctrine.htm (1810 words)

	OPERATION KETSU-GO
		The principal objective of the land operation was the destruction of the American landing force on the beach.
		The Japanese were preparing and may have been able to bring their ammunition supplies back up to the three month level given the amount of time between August and November.
		The Japanese special suicide forces were seen as a "Divine Wind" which was to save their nation just as the "Divine Wind" had driven the Mongol hordes back in the thirteenth century.
	www.fas.org /irp/eprint/arens/chap4.htm (4636 words)

	The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942
		The Imperial Japanese Naval Force which ocuppied the Dutch New Guinea territories was called the "N" Expeditionary Force and it was assembled at Ambon Island at the end of March 1942.
		The defeat of British led Indian forces and allied troops at the hands of a numerically inferior Asiatic army riding on bicycles, living on rice and in some cases superior weapons was to have fateful post war political and nationalist consequences for the European colonial held Far East.
		But these land and air victories were hollow for miles away aircraft carrier versus aircraft carrier battles of the war on sea reversed the overwhelming Japanese victories enabling the Americans accompanied by their allies to open a counter attack offensive against unsinkable Pacific bastions of Bushido stubbornness.
	www.geocities.com /dutcheastindies (3969 words)

	Pvt. William C. BRACKLEIN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Japanese were fired on shortly after they were discovered and as the attackers and defenders mingled in the darkness the D Company men couldn't tell friend from foe.
		The Japanese were talking loudly now, as if their leaders were urging their men to move forward on the trail.
		This would be the last attack of any significance by the Japanese on Corregidor The terrible losses suffered by the Japanese forces in this violent clash of arms, in part, surely weakened their ability to launch another major attack and in fact they never did.
	corregidor.org /taps/bracklein.htm (1284 words)

	Battle of the Coral Sea - Fought off Townsville
		The Japanese Invasion Force learnt of the presence of Crace's cruiser squadron near the Jomard Passage and stopped their progress towards Port Moresby.
		In some north Queensland towns, trains were parked at railways sidings with their boilers at the ready, to evacuate school children in the event of an invasion.
		The American naval forces intercepted the Japanese fleet on 4 May 1942 and after a long series of battles had driven them out of the Coral Sea by 9 May 1942 thus saving the Queensland coast and Port Moresby from possible invasions.
	home.st.net.au /~dunn/coralsea.htm (2539 words)

	Across the Reef: The Marine Assault of Tarawa (Setting the Stage)
		Japanese commanders agreed to counterattack with bombers, submarines, and the main battle fleet.
		Japanese Special Naval Landing Force troops mount a British-made, Vickers eight-inch naval cannon into its turret on Betio before the battle.
		By coincidence, each of the three landing force commanders in Operation Galvanic was a major general named Smith.
	www.nps.gov /wapa/indepth/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003120-00/sec2.htm (866 words)

	Avalanche Press
		Each Special Naval Landing Force, named for the naval base where it was organized, had two rifle companies and one or two heavy weapons companies.
		Naval troops wore uniforms of a similar cut to those of the Army, but olive drab rather than the Army’s khaki and with fl rather than brown boots.
		The 1st and 2nd Kure, 1st and 2nd Sasebo, and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Yokosuka SNLF's all undertook repeated assault landings in the Dutch East Indies, with 2nd Kure having the primary Japanese assault role in the bloody battle at Tarakan.
	www.avalanchepress.com /SNLF.php?mode=print (1102 words)

	An Outline of Events at Wheeler Point 18/19 Feb 1945
		The force blocking Cheney Ravine was too far to the south and not deployed in sufficient strength to defend the most logical attack route that must have been apparent at the time.
		The Japanese planned to man the fixed defenses near the invasion beaches with army troops and provisional naval formations, comprised in part by sailors whose ships had been sunk in Philippine waters.
		After the American amphibious forces stalled, the well trained and well equipped marines waiting on the western side of the island out of harm's way would swoop down from Topside and finish off the American landing forces or push them into the sea.
	corregidor.org /503_fox/wheeler_2.htm (3748 words)

	Osprey Publications
		Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces Uniforms and equipment 1932-45 (Men-at-Arms 432): The Imperial Japanese Navy's Special Landing Force units enjoyed a reputation out of proportion to their small size.
		Japanese Army 1931 •45 (2) 42•45: This second volume in a two-book study describes and illustrates the developments in Japanese uniforms and equipment from the high point of conquest in 1942, through the long island and jungle campaigns of 1942-45.
		The traditional lands of the Creek, Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole Indians were quickly absorbed, and the rapid advance of the frontier soon brought the white man into conflict with the Kiowa, Comanche, Apache and Navajo tribes.
	www.hubhobbyshop.com /press3.htm (8662 words)

	HyperWar: Across the Reef: The Marine Assault of Tarawa
		The Japanese on Betio were equipped with eight-inch, turret-mounted naval rifles (the so-called "Singapore Guns"), as well as a large number of heavy-caliber coast defense, antiaircraft, antiboat, and field artillery guns and howitzers.
		The division intelligence staff had forewarned that "naval units of this type are usually more highly trained and have a greater tenacity and fighting spirit than the average Japanese Army unit," but the Marines were surprised at the ferocity of the defenders on Betio.
		The stubby Burns-Philp commercial pier, slightly to the east of the main pier, became a bloody "no-mans land" as the forces fought for its possession.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USMC/USMC-C-Tarawa (18072 words)

	japanese special navel landing units - Armchair General Forums
		The first Japanese troops on Guadalcanal were SNLF forces and they were utterly decimated during that campaign.
		The last example that comes to mind is the Battle of Milne Bay in 1943 wherein Australian forces in New Guinea drove off a major Japanese invasion landing attempt over the course of three days.
		Along with the 11th-16th Naval Construction Units and the 80th -- 85th Naval Garrison Units, the SNLF were often part of Naval Base Forces in the Solomons, which had been established at Guadalcanal--Tulagi, Shortland, Rabaul, and Kavieng.
	www.armchairgeneral.com /forums/showthread.php?t=11740 (748 words)

	Action Photos
		This is a fantastic book with tons of colour photos of every conceivable Japanese military item from tunics and helmets to toothbrushes and boots along with fl and white period photos showing them being worn or used.
		This one shows a member of the Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces (sometimes referred to, apparently incorrectly, as the “Japanese marines”) operating a Type 3 heavy machine gun on a roof in Shanghai with a Type 14 holster in plain view.
		Although this shot is rather distant from the gun, what I like about it is that it appears to be a natural snapshot, not a stiffly-posed, staged photo like may of the others shown here.
	members.shaw.ca /tju/actionphotos.htm (1054 words)

	Tarawa on the Web (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The bloody conquest of Tarawa in November 1943 by the newly created Central Pacific Force of World War Two, was the first trial-by-fire of America’s fledgling amphibious assault doctrine against a heavily fortified objective.
		It is proposed that we venture forth on a made for television movie that will reenact the battle for Tarawa in it‘s full dramatic intensity: the decisions, miscalculations, extreme risks, lost opportunities, breakthroughs, and breakdowns.
		A story that includes the phenomenal depictions of the four Medal of Honor recipients and how they won their awards and a special salute to the Rikusentai, the Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces who defended Tarawa to the last man; in essence, Japan’s Alamo.
	tarawaontheweb.org /rbr.htm (489 words)

	Amazon.com: Japanese Paratroop Forces of World War II (Elite): Books: Gordon Rottman,Mike Chappell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Japanese Infantryman 1937-45: Sword of the Empire (Warrior) by Gordon Rottman
		Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces: Uniforms and equipment 1937-45 (Men-at-Arms) by Gary Nila
		Correcting and amplifying previous accounts based on wartime intelligence, it traces the Imperial Army's Raiding Regiments and the Imperial Navy's parachute-trained Yokosuka 1st & 3rd Special Naval Landing Forces from the first trials units, through their successful assaults in early 1942, to the last desperate battles and raids of 1944â€"45.
	www.amazon.com /Japanese-Paratroop-Forces-World-Elite/dp/1841769037 (875 words)

	Korean War--Japanese Contributions
		A huge amount of money, overwhelmingly American, was spent purchasing Japanese labor and goods for use in Korea, or for use in support of other military and naval operations in the Asian region.
		Operating under the orders of Commander Naval Forces Far East, ScaJap provided logistic support for the Occupation forces with its fleet of Japanese-crewed ships, most of which were former U.S. Navy Landing Ships Tank, or LSTs.
		Its LSTs were absolutely invaluable to the prosecution of the War, representing as many as three-quarters of the LSTs available for the amphibious operations at Inchon, Wonsan, and Hungnam, as well as for the day-in and day-out work of routine logistics.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/events/kowar/un-rok/jpn.htm (780 words)

	Amazon.com: Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces: Uniforms and equipment 1937-45 (Men-at-Arms): Books: Gary ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The spearhead of Japan's assault landing operations both in China pre-Pearl Harbor, and in US and British territory post-Pearl Harbor, was provided by the Special Naval Landing Forces - 12 numbered battalion-size Imperial Japanese Navy units.
		This book provides a comprehensive treatment of the elite force which has be never before been examined in such detail in English, covering weapons and equipment as well as uniform and insignia.
		Gary Nila is a former Los Angeles Police Officer and FBI Special Agent who now works as an investigator with Northrop Grumman Corporation Air Combat Systems.
	www.amazon.com /Japanese-Special-Naval-Landing-Forces/dp/1846031001 (881 words)

	Book Review: Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces Uniforms & Equipment 1937-45
		This book covers the uniforms, equipment and history of the Japanese Special Naval Landing Force (SNLF), the Rikusentai.
		They were the spearhead of Japan's assault landing operations in China and the assaults at the start of the Pacific War.
		For anyone interested in the SNLF, this book is one of the only references available in english.
	www.pacificwrecks.com /reviews/snlf-uniforms.html (192 words)

	21st Century Toys
		It arose from an original concept of the pre-war panzer divisions, whereby a special vehicle for infantry support work was planned.
		The Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces (SNLF), (Kaigun Rikusentai) were the marine troops of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and were only part of the IJN Land Forces.
		The first weeks of the war saw the annihilation of virtually the entire Soviet Air Force on the ground, the loss of major equipment, tanks, artillery, and major Soviet defeats as German forces trapped hundreds of thousands of Red Army soldiers in vast pockets.
	www.themotorpool.net /21st_Century_Toys_s/3.htm (1259 words)

	Battle of Midway: 4-7 June 1942
		Severely damaged by aircraft from the USS Enterprise (CV-6) NW of Midway Island, 4 June 1942, and scuttled by Japanese destroyers Nowake, Arashi, and Hagikaze, 5 June 1942.
		Sunk by aircraft from the USS Enterprise (CV-6) NW of Midway Island, 4 June 1942.
		Severely damaged by aircraft from the USS Enterprise (CV-6) and USS Yorktown (CV-5) NW of Midway Island, 4 June 1942, and scuttled by Japanese destroyers Kazegumo and Yugumo, 5 June 1942.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq81-6.htm (504 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Yugoslav Wars (1): Slovenia & Croatia 1991-95: Books: Nigel Thomas,Darko Pavlovic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces: Uniforms and Equipment 1937-45 by Gary Nila
		Dr Nigel Thomas is an accomplished linguist and military historian and is currently a Senior Lecturer in charge of the Business Language Unit at the University of Northumbria, Newcastle.
		His interests are 20th century military and civil uniformed organisations, with a special interest in Germany, Central and Eastern Europe.
	www.amazon.ca /Yugoslav-Wars-Slovenia-Croatia-1991-95/dp/1841769630 (352 words)

	IMPERIAL JAPANESE NAVY
		IMPERIAL JAPANESE NAVY Special Landing Force personnel patrol Shanghai perimeter gates in early 1932.
		The guard on the right is equipped with a Swiss Model 1920 Brevet Bergman Machine Pistol.
		The Japanese later modified them by adding a jacket collar for bayonet attachment.
	www.dragonsoffire.com /photos_ImperialJapaneseNavy.htm (89 words)

	The Motor Pool - Purveyors of fine diecast military vehicles and aircraft
		Its characteristic sound while in an attack dive led the Japanese to call it "The Whistling Death." Combined with its high speed, agility and toughness, the Vought F4U Corsair was one of the finest fighters ever built.
		In fact, virtually all of the Allied armies employed the Sherman in their armed forces, including the British, who developed an upgunned variant called the "Firefly".
		The VAB (Vehicule de l'Avant Blinde) front-line armored vehicle is an Infantry Corps tactical armored vehicle produced by the Euro Mobilite Division of Giat Industries with headquarters at Versailles in France.
	www.themotorpool.net /default.asp (686 words)

	Japan - Kaigun books, find the lowest prices
		From Mahan to Pearl Harbor : The Imperial Japanese Navy and the United States
		Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces : Uniforms And Equipment 1937-45
		The Japanese Submarine Force and World War II
	www.allbookstores.com /Japan-Kaigun.html (298 words)

	Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		(Note: the Imperial Japanese Army also raised amphibious units called Sea Landing Brigades.
		3-inch (76mm) naval guns mounted on wheeled carriages
		This page was last modified 15:31, 4 November 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Japanese_Special_Naval_Landing_Forces (626 words)

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