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Topic: Japanese adjectives

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	Amazon.ca: The Handbook of Japanese Adjectives and Adverbs: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Unlike English adjectives, Japanese ones conjugate, meaning that you must memorize their various forms before being able to build sentences of any complexity.
		The section on adjectives is divided into two parts: Part 1 covers the conjugations of i- and na-adjectives and some basic auxiliary adjectives, and Part 2 presents common sentence patterns in which adjectives appear.
		Types of Adjectives Japanese adjectives may be divided into two types: (a) i-adjectives, which end with i, and (b)...
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770028792 (1097 words)

	Negative forms
		You have learned that Japanese adjectives have inflection like verbs, but their ways of inflection are quite different; nonpast-form verbs end with "-u", while nonpast-form adjectives end with "-i".
		Adjectives use the nonexistential adjective for their negative forms, as the copula does.
		In Japanese, the sentence for 1-B and 2-B is different from that for 3-B, because Japanese has a topic marker.
	www.geocities.com /takasugishinji/japanese/negative.html (1339 words)

	TheJapanShop.net - Complete Japanese Adjective Guide
		Japanese Adjectives, unlike English adjectives (blue, hot, pretty...) change forms - this can be quite hairy for the beginner.
		Beginning and intermediate students of Japanese are often daunted when they face the adjective?for the formation of adjectives in Japanese is extremely complex.
		The Complete Japanese Adjective Guide is a great companion book for any beginning or middle level student of Japanese, a book designed for maximum ease of use and ultimate effectiveness.
	www.thejapanshop.net /grammar/completeadj.htm (212 words)

	Adjectives
		English adjectives are more similar to nouns than to verbs, and they require the copula be to become predicators.
		The final /i/ in the nonpast form of an adjective is the suffix, and the rest is the stem.
		Japanese adjectives are similar to verbs, so you can consider them to be a combination of the copula be and an adjective in English.
	www.geocities.com /takasugishinji/japanese/adjective.html (238 words)

	Speech Acts Bibliography - Compliments / Responses
		In responding to compliments, Americans tended to accept compliments or justify or extend them; Japanese questioned their accuracy, denied them, explained the reason why they were not deserved, or responded by smiling or saying nothing at all.
		The author uses 40 complimenting conversational excerpts in Japanese taken from television broadcasts and popular magazines and argues that there were two forms of politeness: one related to the relationship between the parties involved in the conversation ("local politeness") and the other related to the surrounding environment ("global politeness").
		This research was conducted to test a hypothesis that American learners of Japanese tend to transfer their L2 pragmatic norms in accepting compliments directed to their family members rather than deflecting or refusing them as Japanese speakers would normally do.
	www.carla.umn.edu /speechacts/bibliography/compliments.html (4603 words)

	Akemi's Anime World Japanese Lessons: Adjectives (Lesson 3-2)
		Japanese adjectives are easy, because basically, they work exactly the same as English adjectives--you stick them in front of the word you want them to modify.
		At this point, the trickiest thing to learn about adjectives in Japanese is that there are two different types of them: "na" adjectives and "i" adjectives (that's "i" as in "eee", not like the letter I, by the way).
		Random notes: Though the Japanese eat all sorts of curry, Japanese curry is light colored, mild in flavor (certainly not the tongue-scorchers popular in India or Thailand), and a popular home cookin' dish, especially among children.
	animeworld.com /japanese/lesson3-2.html (1360 words)

	Japanese Adjectives - Lesson 1
		Japanese adjectives come in two basic flavors: "true" and "quasi." In some circles they are also known as "i adjectives" and "na adjectives" because those are the suffixes they get when they're followed by a noun.
		Nodo is "throat," and kawaku means "to be dry," so these together equal "I'm thirsty." Here, the ta form of the verb is used for the present, which will be a bit confusing to beginners because this form is normally used for the plain past.
		There are true adjectives for "fat" and "thin" (futoi and hosoi), but they, like their English counterparts, have to be used carefully because they can be offensive.
	www.timwerx.net /language/jpadj/lesson1.htm (777 words)

	Japanese Grammar>
		Japanese nouns do not have gender, they may not be modified by definite or indefinite articles because none exist in Japanese, and the singular and plural forms are usually the same.
		All Japanese verbs, except for two irregular verbs, can be divided into two groups or conjugations which differ only in the way in which they form their stems and infinitives.
		Japanese adjectives are either verbal adjectives or adjectival nouns.
	www.csse.monash.edu.au /~jwb/s_jgrammar.html (2880 words)

	Learn to Speak Japanese, On-the-Go!
		Whether you are learning to speak Japanese for business travel, a vacation, or just to broaden your cultural horizons, it's an exciting journey.
		Illustrations make learning to speak Japanese more fun and interesting, and it goes without saying that making learning fun will increase the time you study.
		The Japanese adjectives product shows an English adjective or adverb on the front of the card and sometimes its opposite as well as an illustration.
	www.langexpress.com /Learn-to-Speak-Japanese.htm (533 words)

	Scratch Paper Site: Japan Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In the English sentence "I eat an apple," apple is the direct object, because it is the object of the verb.
		From a grammatical angle, adjective use in Japanese is very similar to English.
		All of the conjugations in the plain form boxes are followed by "desu" at the end of a sentence; even if they are not present positive sentences, because the adjective conjugates and tells us the tense of the sentence, making verb conjugation unnecessary.
	home.byu.net /ajp2 (621 words)

	Amazon.com: The Handbook of Japanese Adjectives and Adverbs (Kodansha's Children's Classics): Books: Taeko Kamiya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Japanese adjectives may be divided into two types: (a) i-adjectives, which end with i, and (b) na-adjectives, which end with na.
		I-adjectives are Japanese in origin while na-adjectives are mostly Chinese-origin words.
		Japanese adjectives have plain, polite and superpolite forms or levels of speech.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/4770028792?v=glance (1853 words)

	Trafford Publishing: Learn Japanese Verbs and Adjectives Using Memory Mnemonics
		Learning any second language is difficult, but Japanese has to be one of the more difficult ones to master.
		Quite often I use poor grammar to get two sounds closer to each other such as "how she do" (in the race) to sound like "hashiru" which means "to run".
		It is arranged first by verb rank, which I concluded as the first 125 verbs you should learn to aid in learning other aspects of the language.
	www.trafford.com /robots/03-0788.html (2546 words)

	Amazon.ca: A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Sentence Patterns: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Sentence Patterns is a fundamental learning tool for all students of the Japanese language, whether they be unblemished beginners or scarred veterans.
		By means of this approach, the essential nature of the Japanese sentence is clarified, and once that has been done, the many patterns and variations fall easily into place.
		The simple, undisguised truth is that there are only three types of sentence in Japanese, and all of the convolutions and complications that distract and bemuse the student are nothing more than modifications of these three fundamental types.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770026080 (1227 words)

	Japanese Language School - MLC Meguro Language Center (Tokyo) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		For a support to your Japanese language learning, we are pleased to show you some examples of our original teaching materials here.
		MLC's "Adjectives for Japanese Language Proficiency Test Level 4" is based on "Japanese Language Proficiency Test: Test Content Specifications (Revised Edition, 2004.March)" Created and Edited by The Japan Foundation and Association of International Education, Japan.
		MLC's "Adjectives for Japanese Language Proficiency Test Level 3" is based on "Japanese Language Proficiency Test: Test Content Specifications (Revised Edition, 2004.March)" Created and Edited by The Japan Foundation and Association of International Education, Japan.
	www.mlcjapanese.co.jp /Download.htm (650 words)

	A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Sentence Patterns (Kodansha Dictionary)
		Contains fifty basic Japanese sentence patterns and sixty-nine variations, each defined in Japanese, romanization, and English, and each used in both polite and informal examples.
		Adjectives are another major area where Japanese differs from English, and adjectives are conjugated to agree with verbs, rather than declined to agree with nouns as in most Indo-European languages.
		Overall, this is an excellent grammar on Japanese syntax that should help you with this important aspect of the language.
	www.textbooksrus.com /search/bookdetail?isbn=4770026080 (641 words)

	Guide To Japanese Adjectives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The i-adjective is called that because it always end in the hiragana character い.
		One important similarity is that i-adjectives are like the negative copula grammatically in that it wouldn't make sense to add the copula since it's already there.
		This is a classic case of how learning Japanese is harder for beginners because the most common and useful words also have the most exceptions.
	www.extreme-guides.com /sup/7/10 (716 words)

	Complete Japanese Adjective Guide; Author: Tarumoto, Ann; Paperback
		Beginning and intermediate students of Japanese are often daunted when they face the adjective -- for the formation of adjectives in Japanese is extremely complex.
		The Complete Japanese Adjective Guide is a great companion book for any beginning or middle level student of Japanese, a book designMaster Japanese grammar with this complete guide to Japanese adjectives, beginning and intermediate.
		This is a hands-on guide to Japanese adjectives, covering beginners and intermediate levels; topics include levels of formality, regular adjectives, and negative forms.
	www.netstoreusa.com /labooks/080/0804832765.shtml (288 words)

	Furukawa, Y (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The closer the relationship was, the more frequently Americans gave compliments, while Japanese were less likely to offer praise.
		The author illustrates through examples that compliments reflect not only sociocultural values but also personal values and standards, and defines the compliment in consideration of the recipient of the compliment and closeness and status of the interlocutors.
		Nineteen learners of Japanese took the DCT that included 5 items in which the speakers were complimented and another 5 where their family member was complimented both by a same-gender friend of their age.
	www.iles.umn.edu /Compliments/ComplimentsBiblio.htm (1366 words)

	JAPAN BOOKSTORE: General Guides (Learn Japanese Aisle)
		Japanese, the Spoken Language by Eleanor Harz Jorden, Mari.
		This colorful book will appeal to children who want to learn Japanese, particularly those who are studying how to speak the language but want to know how to write it as well.
		Japanese as it is spoken in southern Japan.
	www.ohayosensei.com /books/lgeneral.html (1725 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Handbook of Japanese Verbs: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		From the very earliest stages of study until far into the intermediate level, students of the Japanese language are continually scratching their heads over the usage of verbs.
		It is no wonder that they should feel the need for a solid reference book, one they can continually turn to throughout their studying careers.
		The Introduction takes the first step toward comprehension by pointing out the features of Japanese verbs that stand in contrast to their English counterparts, such as tense, politeness level, auxiliaries, and transitive and intransitive forms.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/4770026838 (605 words)

	Japanese Adjectives - Table of Contents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This is a companion tutorial to my Japanese Verbs, and I trust that it will also become a concise and convenient resource for those learning or reviewing Japanese.
		Also, romaji (romanized Japanese words) used herein are written in their true, romanized form: elongated vowels are shown as such, etc.
		This is also available in PDF format, which is a revised version including example sentences in Japanese.
	www.timwerx.net /language/jpadj (171 words)

	Jim Breen's Japanese Page
		Japanese Text Initiative of the University of Virginia Library's Electronic Text Center (also indexed under Literature) now has a Japanese Text Portal, which enables an automatic dictionary lookup of selected words using a linked WWWJDIC mirror.
		Japanese educational resources is the one built and maintained by Charles Kelly.
		The Australian Network for Japanese Law (ANJeL) is an initiative of the law faculties at the Australian National University (ANU), the University of New South Wales (UNSW) and the University of Sydney (USyd).
	www.csse.monash.edu.au /~jwb/japanese.html (10812 words)

	Welcome to JapanEd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		These methods have been developed over many years by Paul Knight who has been teaching Japanese at Massey University since 1969.
		Japanese Language Learning materials from JapanEd are designed to be equally useful for people studying alone or to be used by teachers as resource materials.
		Those complementing the text or CD "Understanding Japanese Verbs and Adjectives" and which are variously suitable for beginners and up to at least the second year at university.
	www.japaned.com (182 words)

	SHIGEMO.COM: FFXI Japanese / Nihongo Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		As a rule of thumb, it is good to be polite regardless of how informal this is, because Japanese are very courteous.
		[NOTE 2: If a Japanese player says something that looks familiar, they are probably spelling it based on pronunciation, so try to consider what it may be.
		In this chart I have tried to explain most of the functions of particles you may use and see, but some functions were left out.
	shigemo.com /FFXI/nihongo_guide5.html (793 words)

	Appendix1.html
		Essentially, this selection of activities exists for the sole purpose of keeping the in-coming Japanese 3 students focused on Japanese and on good work habits for the summer.
		Write the plain form break-down each for five (5) Japanese 2 Group 1 verbs, five (5) Japanese 2 Group 2 verbs, five (5) Japanese 2 i-adjectives, and five (5) Japanese 2 na-adjectives or nouns.
		Remember that the goal is not simply to get some Japanese written, but rather to think hard about the pattern, how it works, and when you can use it.
	scweb.esuhsd.org /programs/jp/Appendix1.html (1852 words)

	Collin's Japanese Language & Culture Page
		JFC is an excellent free Japanese flashcard program which you can get here.
		In addition I have begun adding topics in Japanese (similar to a FAQ, but still in heavy need of editing), and have added a cross-referenced grammar table (has no real data yet).
		Collected instances (incomplete) of language that is typical of feminine or masculine speech, to help serve as a guide as to what to imitate and what to avoid imitating in what you hear from native speakers.
	www.epochrypha.com /japanese (1694 words)

	Find in a Library: The handbook of Japanese adjectives and adverbs
		Subjects: Japanese language -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. -- Adjective
		Japanese language -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. -- Adverb
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/dbf6ef950fc6d49ea19afeb4da09e526.html (85 words)

	Early Japanese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		1983 "The Classification of Old Japanese Adjectives," with Yooko Itoo Tomita.
		1975 "On the Kô-type O-ending Syllables of Old Japanese." Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese vol.
		1995 Diversity in Japanese Language and Culture, edited by John C. Maher and Gaynor Macdonald.
	people.cohums.ohio-state.edu /unger26/early-j.htm (259 words)

	Spanish, French, German, Italian and Japanese - Adjectives and Adverbs
		Spanish, French, German, Italian and Japanese - Adjectives and Adverbs
		An English adjective or adverb appears on the front with informative illustration.
		Our Japanese vocabulary product shows the words written in both Japanese and latin script.
	www.langexpress.com /Study-Adjectives.htm (87 words)

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