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Topic: Javanese script

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	Javanese
		Javanese is one of the classical languages of the world, with a literary tradition of over a thousand years.
		Javanese is the spoken language of over 75 million people in the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, in Indonesia (Ethnologue).
		Javanese is an agglutinative language in which grammatical relations are expressed by the addition of prefixes and suffixes to roots.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/june/Javanese.html (1074 words)

	Alex's homepage
		Javanese in various stages of its development is one of the classical languages of Southeast Asia and can also be regarded as one of the classical languages of the world as well, with a vast literature spanning more than 12 centuries.
		Javanese is the spoken language of people in central and eastern part of island of Java, in Indonesia.
		Javanese script is the script that Javanese is originally written in (not to be confused with Javascript, which is a programming language).
	home.wanadoo.nl /~a_agung/jawa.html (269 words)

	Javanese History \| ema_03_package.xml
		Javanese is the language of the largest ethnic group of Indonesia with around 75 million speakers.
		Old Javanese is used for all Javanese texts lacking Arabic loans or Muslim influence, whereas Middle Javanese denotes the language of Balinese kidung literature.
		The earliest documents in Modern Javanese are two manuscripts of Islamic teachings current on the north coast of Java in the sixteenth century.
	www.bookrags.com /history/javanese-ema-03 (421 words)

	Proposal to encode Javanese in the BMP of ISO/IEC 10646
		The Javanese script, used for writing the Javanese and Madurese languages, is of Indian origin.
		The structure of Javanese script is basically the same as all scripts derived from Brahmi.
		The Javanese script is written left to right without spaces between words that belong to the same part of a sentence.
	www.evertype.com /standards/javanese/javanese.htm (1447 words)

	Javanese script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Javanese script natively known as Tjarakan is the script originally used to write Javanese.
		It is an abugida script consisting of 20 main consonants with an inherent vowel "a" (normally pronounced as open back rounded vowel when reciting the consonants).
		The script itself is a poem, whose line-by-line translation is as follows:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Javanese_script (201 words)

	The medieval Tamil-language inscriptions in Southeast Asia and China.
		The script in which the earliest Southeast Asian inscriptions were written, however, suggests that these religious ideas and texts were transmitted to Southeast Asians via the southeast coast of India, where religious use of Sanskrit and Pali also sat alongside the more mundane use of very different indigenous local languages.
		The Indians in Javanese ports during the later ninth and early tenth centuries appear to have been drawn either from the east coast districts of what are now Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and southern Orissa, or from the western Konkan coastal region already dominated by the Ayyavole merchant association.
		The Javanese ruler Krtanagara, according to the fourteenth century Javanese text, the Nagarakrtagama, had sent a military expedition against Malayu in 1275, as a result of which the Sumatran state appears to have acknowledged its subservience to the east Javanese state.
	www.ismaili.net /Source/0104c.html (10440 words)

	1 Options in the Language and Discourse component (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For the majority of Javanese it is the everyday language that they will use no matter where they live: in the cities, and in the countryside it is the common language and even in the streets of Jakarta it can be heard.
		The language of the modern Javanese literature which began in the 1860s is comparatively close to spoken Javanese, but in certain respects it is strongly “classical” as well.
		The Javanese script is part of this course; a large proportion of texts is available in this script only and the most important dictionary uses it.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /majavanese/options_1.htm (1243 words)

	An Ancient Philippine Writing System
		More often than not, the script was simplified not for linguistic reasons but because of the adopting group's lesser level of cultural achievement.
		One of the mysteries posed by the LCI is how a very sophisticated script like Kavi which took root early in the Philippines could be replaced later by a primitive one like the ancient Tagalog script.
		The Tagalog script was long dead by then and we have no artifacts of ancient Philippine scripts except for the three mentioned in the main article and those that were written under Spanish supervision.
	www.bibingka.com /dahon/lci/kavi.htm (497 words)

	Ethnologue: Indonesia, Java, Bali
		High Javanese (Jawa Halus) is the language of religion, but the number of people that can control that form is diminishing.
		The Javanese in Surinam and that in New Caledonia have changed sufficiently to be only partially intelligible with difficulty.
		Javanese in New Caledonia are reported to not be able to use High Javanese (Koentjaraninggrat).
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/IndJ.html (748 words)

	Ancient Scripts: Javanese
		Javanese is one of the earliest languages in Indonesia to possess a literary tradition.
		As a result of contact with Indian merchants, speakers of Javanese adapted the Pallava script, a variant of the Brahmi script, during the 4th centruy CE to write their own language.
		The transition from Kawi into Javanese during the 13th century BCE was more stylistic than structural.
	www.ancientscripts.com /javanese.html (408 words)

	Javanese and Indonesian Languages
		All Javanese and Indonesian 'i' is pronounced as in 'Italy'.
		Javanese 'O' in oral form or 'A' in written form are mostly pronounced like the English 'A' in 'wash' and 'what'.
		Indonesian and Javanese grammar is, in short, one in which most of the time the verbs and nouns come after the adjective and the word referring to a person, except in certain statements.
	www.geocities.com /omimachifuri/lexicon.htm (1621 words)

	hefner hindu javanese exc
		The four-plus-one balance is recognizably Javanese in its numeral classification, but Aji's four companions figure in another tradition as well: they are the four successors to Mohammad as caliphs of the Islamic nation.
		Aji is the owner of the five-day week (the terms of which are Javanese), whereas Mohammad is the owner of the seven-day week (the terms of which are derived from Arabic).
		Arabic and Javanese script are also invented, the myth recounts, to commemorate the servants' unfortunate clash.
	www.bu.edu /cura/about/hefnermaterials/hefnerhindujavaneseexc.htm (6642 words)

	The Indonesian! - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		These people shared a similar written script and a highly pluralistic political system in which local authorities were anchored in supernaturally endowed regalia (arajang) and descent from a variety of mythical ancestors, each separately descended from heaven (tomanurung).
		East Javanese dialect spoken in most of East Java is also a mix of Javanese and Madurese, because approximately 9 million Madurese lives in East Java.
		The Javanese language is a classical language, producing literatures in the span of 12 centuries.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=40484 (3093 words)

	SEI: Unicode Scripts Research
		Aramaic is the parent-script of Early Sogdian, Edessan script, Elymaic script, Hatran script, Hebrew, Kharoshthi, Mandaic script, Nabatean script, Palmyran script, Parthian and the Psalter script.
		Daniels and Bright – “The Elymaic script, though poorly attested, is the chief predecessor of the adaptations of the Aramaic script used to write a range of Iranian dialects in the ensuing Sassanid period and later”, p.
		Javanese has been supplanted by use of the Latin alphabet although Javanese is still is use in ceremonial domains.
	www.linguistics.berkeley.edu /sei/USR.html (7458 words)

	Locale::Script - perldoc.perl.org
		The case of the script name is not important.
		If the code passed is not a valid script code in the first code set, or if there isn't a code for the corresponding script in the second code set, then
		Returns a list of all script names for which there is a corresponding script code in the specified code set.
	perldoc.perl.org /Locale/Script.html (691 words)

	[No title]
		Most of the names will not make sense in their English translations, but this in large part is due to the strong possibility that they, in their original Javanese form, are thought of more in terms of how they sound rather than what they mean literally.
		It is significant to point out that many of the palace gamelan names include words that are in common with those found in the names and titles of members of the aristocracy.
		Javanese aristocratic names are not meant to be translated literally nor are they intended to reflect the personality of the individual given the name; they are social markers intended to sound aristocratic and to immediately make clear to all Javanese that the carriers of such names are of high status.
	www.grinnell.edu /courses/mus/gamelans/names.html (563 words)

	Oldest Malay Manuscript Discovered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The grant was used for the mapping of existent variants of the central Sumatran scripts that provided us with new insights into the internal relationship between the two closely related scripts.
		As an expert in Sumatran script I immediately knew that such a late age was impossible, and also the textual evidence (e.g.
		The manuscript is written in two different scripts and in two languages, and can only be completely transliterated and translated in cooperation with specialist with a background in various disciplines and languages.
	www.hawaii.edu /cseas/misc/uli.html (1293 words)

	Caraka 37-38: Special report: Javanese on the internet
		However, Javanese is among the scripts that "have been proposed for addition to Unicode and are being worked on by Unicode Technical Committee Working Groups" (, accessed 18 February 2003).
		Javanese audio in itself is hardly unusual, but its presence in textual and pictorial environment such as the web's is quite revolutionary.
		This is especially so in the Javanese e-groups with their daily multidirectional flow of messages, and also on a few message boards and guestbooks which are publicly accessible and used as forums for written dialogue.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /caraka/37_38/special_report.htm (4136 words)

	Lepcha script
		According to Lepcha tradition, the Lepcha script was invented by the Lepcha scholar Thikúng Men Salóng sometime during the 17th century.
		The inventor of the script was probably inspired by Buddhist missionaries.
		Another theory is that the script developed during the early years of the 18th century.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/lepcha.htm (218 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Malayan, pt. 2
		Javanese is spoken on the island of Java, part of the country of Indonesia.
		Javanese is traditionally written with its own Javanese script, called Jawi, which was brought to Java from southern India over a thousand years ago.
		Javanese is not to be confused with the computer language called Java.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/malayn2h.htm (1403 words)

	The Jakarta Post - The Journal of Indonesia Today
		It is enrichened by expressions, verses and allusions in Sanskrit, Arabic and Kawi (ancient Javanese).
		For the past 10 years, she has been involved in finding people to help her translate some Javanese legends or folk stories, all in the various contemporary and more ancient forms of the Javanese language.
		She always performed the appropriate Javanese ceremonies to ask for permission to touch the original verses.
	www.thejakartapost.com /yesterdaydetail.asp?fileid=20040523.G01 (1345 words)

	Guruda - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		The old Javanese alphabet derives from the Pallava script of South India.
		One such inscription was found in the south-eastern region of Borneo on four octagonal stone pillars, written in Sanskrit in a 4th century Indian script.
		The Javanese alphabet, also known as tjarakan or carakan, was ultimately derived from Brahmi alphabet, by way of the Kawi or Old Javanese alphabet.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=26207 (557 words)

	Cebuano
		The Spaniards usually called the ancient Filipino script "Tagalog letters," regardless of the language for which it was used.
		The so-called "Tagalog letters" were actually a syllabic script called Baybayin, which was used until the 17th century when it was gradually replaced by the Latin alphabet that is still in use today.
		The word baybayin (from baybay 'spell') in Tagalog means 'alphabet.' The Baybayin alphabet, probably developed from the Javanese script, adapted from the Pallava script, the latter itself derived from the Brahmi script of ancient India.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/june/Cebuano.html (941 words)

	.: Museum Nasional - Stone Sculpture Courtyard :.
		Dated Saka 857 or 935 AD, this stone inscription is written on both sides in Old Javanese script and should be read from left to right.
		At the top of the stone is the seal of an East Javanese king in the shape of an umbrella.
		The inscription records that the king ordered that the village of Anjukladang be exempt from taxes and that the head of the village should be given gifts of gold and cloths.
	www.museumnasional.org /stoned4.html (107 words)

	\| handmade balinese typography \| Typophile
		I used to be able to write in Javanese script fluently, back in elementary school.
		In the name of unity (and to overthrow the many oppressors of the country), the language was used as one of the tool of national pride.
		But for the sake of tradition (which is a good thing, really), regional scripts and traditional language continued to be taught in school.
	typophile.com /node/28924 (574 words)

	Javanese Movies/Videos, Javanese Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Javanese is spoken in the central and eastern parts of Java, the most populous island of the Republic of Indonesia.
		The traditional Javanese script is of ancient origin, having been brought to Java from southern India more than a thousand years ago.
		The passage below appears first in the Javanese, then in the Roman script to which it is gradually yielding ground.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Javanese.htm (153 words)

	Babad Bali - Use of Balinese Script
		The language is commonly written in two different scripts: the Balinese script and the Latin script.
		The Balinese script closest sibling is the Javanese script, which have rectangular form of font shape compared to round shape of Balinese script.
		Some of the students will be interested in the script at their middle ages, like what their parents did.
	www.babadbali.com /aksarabali/art2-c.htm (2302 words)

	The Butuan Silver Strip
		Peralta reports that the late Dr. Boechari of Indonesia identified the script as "similar to a Javanese script that had been in use from the 12th to the 15th century" (late Kavi?).
		Calatagan Pot Translations, early attempts to decipher the script.
		The Eskaya Script, script used by a secret society on the island of Bohol.
	www.bibingka.com /dahon/mystery/silver.htm (592 words)

	Box
		According to the note with it, âthis manuscript, which represents an unusally early use of paper, contains miniatures painted in a style that was brought from the P_la kingdom of eastern India during the preceding century and formed the basis of later painting in Nepal.
		Enclosed note by George V. Bobrinskoy (Feb. 1935) attributes it to 18th century Ceylon: âI am unable to assign any definite date to the manuscipt itself (perhaps about 200-250 years), but its contents seem to belong to the period between 5th and 7th centuries AD.
		As far as I can ascertain at the present time, it is one of the Monastery chronicles kept by the monks of the Buddhist monasteries of Ceylon.â Sinhalese script.
	libweb.princeton.edu /libraries/firestone/rbsc/aids/indic.html (2504 words)

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