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Topic: Jelly fungi

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	MSN Encarta - Fungi
		The food is dissolved by enzymes that the fungi secrete, is then absorbed through thin cell walls, and is distributed by simple circulation, or streaming, of the protoplasm.
		Together with bacteria, fungi are responsible for the decay and decomposition of all organic matter, and are found everywhere.
		Sugars such as glucose and levulose are usable by most fungi, but the use of other carbon sources depends on the ability of the fungus to produce suitable enzymes.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761551534/Fungi.html (880 words)

	Jelly - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Jelly is a sweet or savoury food gel, usually made through the addition of gelatin or pectin.
		Concord grape jelly is usually used in the staple of North American school lunches - the peanut butter and jelly sandwich (PBJ or PBandJ).
		Jelly babies are a popular gelatine based confectionery in the UK and gummi bears are popular worldwide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jelly (296 words)

	MSN Encarta - Fungus
		Fungi were initially classified in the Plant Kingdom, and the field of fungus study, or mycology, developed as a branch of botany.
		Fungi are extremely important in the production of antibiotics; for example, penicillin, griseofulvin, cyclosporine, and cephalosporin are used to fight bacterial and fungal diseases worldwide.
		A number of fungi are used in bioremediation, in which the fungi are mixed with polluted water or soil, where they decompose the organic material in pollutants and, in the process, detoxify them.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761551534_2/Fungus.html (2091 words)

	Introduction to the Fungi
		Fungi, as well as bacteria and algae were classified in the plant kingdom under this system and that is the reason that these organisms are traditionally studied in botany.
		Fungi are most often associated with plants, commonly as decomposers, and pathogens, and as their benefactors, e.g.
		Fungi, as well as bacteria and algae were classified in the plant kingdom, based mainly on the presence of a cell wall and the lack of ingestion of food material.
	www.botany.hawaii.edu /faculty/wong/Bot201/Myxomycota/Introduction.htm (1684 words)

	Jelly fungi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Class Heterobasidiomycetes or jelly fungi is a paraphyletic group of several fungal orders: Tremellales, Auriculariales, Dacryomycetales.
		These "mushrooms" are so named because their foliose to irregularly branched fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly.
		When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to water, they return to their original form.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jelly_fungi (169 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Fungi are most easily seen in rainforest, but they are present everywhere in the bush and play a crucial role in the Australian environment which typically has infertile soils.
		Fungi are decomposers that recycle the nutrients which are locked up in the organic matter of the leaf litter.
		Fungi form relationships with the roots of plants.These root fungi are called mycorrhiza and they enable the plants to extract nutrients more efficiently from the soil.
	fehps.une.edu.au /f/s/curric/pMetcalfe/DOCS/Rainforest/RainforestFungi.html (3510 words)

	Mycology - Taxonomy - Basidiomycota
		Originally, the fungi were divided on the basis of the morphology of the basidium culminating in the taxonomy of Talbot in 1968, in which three classes were recognised: Holobasidiomycetes, Phragmobasidiomycetes and Teliomycetes.
		The remaining fungi have basidia that are either septate or isolated teliospores that germinate to form a septate germ tube on which basidiospores emerge.
		Carlile and Watkinson, 1994 The Fungi, pp 52 - 62.
	bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au /Mycology/Taxonomy/basidiomycota.shtml (1302 words)

	Jelly fungi -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Class Heterobasidiomycetes or jelly fungi comprises the five (additional info and facts about fungal) fungal orders: Tremellales, Auriculariales, Dacryomycetales, Ceratobasidiales, and Tulasnellales.
		These "mushrooms" are so named because their foliose to irregularly branched (An organ specialized for producing spores) fruiting body is, or appears to be, the consistency of jelly.
		When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to (Binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent) water, they return to their original form.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/j/je/jelly_fungi.htm (212 words)

	Jelly Append (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		For the most part jelly fungi are too small, too scattered or too infrequent to be important as edibles.
		In true coral fungi the spore mother cell is undivided and club-shaped.
		The true jelly fungi belong to the Basidiomycota (the spores are borne externally on basidia).
	www.uoguelph.ca /~gbarron/JELLY/jelly.htm (419 words)

	CRDEssay: Encyclopedia Britannica definitions related to fungi
		Fungi are eukaryotic organisms having two common characteristics: anatomically, their principal mode of vegetative growth is through mycelium; physiologically, their nutrition is based on absorption of organic matter.
		Fungi other than mushrooms are sometimes collectively called molds, although this term is better restricted to fungi of the sort represented by bread mold.
		The fungi as a group are distinguished from other organisms by the nature of their somatic (body) and reproductive structures and by the mode of nutrition they employ.
	spam.concordia.ca /~raojw/crd/essay/essay000087.html (2386 words)

	What is... ?
		Jelly fungus - A jelly fungus is one in which the fruiting body consists of a thick, gelatinous material that surrounds the hyphae of the fungus.
		The rust fungi differ from most other basidiomycetes in that they produce their spores directly on the tissues of the plant they are parasitizing; they do not form any type of fruiting body.
		The rust fungi are the cause of many serious diseases of trees, e.g., the fusiform rust of pines and the stem rust of grains.
	www.plant.uga.edu /mycology-herbarium/whatis.htm (2099 words)

	Natural History: Golden moldies: treasured by aficionados, fungi remain mostly anonymous subjects of distant kingdoms, ...
		Fungi play a vital role in the web of life by taking apart the complex but specialized molecules assembled by plants and animus and recovering the basic molecular building blocks in a form that future generations can use.
		Fungi were once united as a taxonomic kingdom by such common features as nucleated cells, the absence of chlorophyll, and reproduction by spores.
		For some fungi, reproduction proceeds by way of mushrooms, which bear spores on their gills, or by way of puffballs--the relatively large structures that produce millions of spores in dry, powdery masses, to be whisked away by a breeze.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_5_113/ai_n6062536 (1429 words)

	Types of fungi continued
		Fungi with fruiting bodies large enough to be readily visible will usually belong to one of two main groups.
		These are fungi which have fruiting bodies similar to many of the gill mushrooms, in that they have a cap and a stem.
		Fungi such as King Alfred's Cakes, are very characteristic and difficult to confuse with anything else.
	www.countrysideinfo.co.uk /fungi/types2.htm (847 words)

	Learn more about Mushroom in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The term mushroom usually refers to the aboveground fruiting body (spore-producing structure) of fungi with a shaft and a cap, and in extension, referring to the entire fungi of such appearance, but is also used to refer to many visible fungi in general.
		The main types of mushrooms are agarics, boletes, chanterelles, tooth fungi, polypores, puffballs, jelly fungi, coral fungi, bracket fungi, stinkhorns, and cup fungi.
		Currently, many species of mushrooms and fungi utilized as folk medicines for thousands of years are under intense study by ethnobotanists and medical researchers.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /m/mu/mushroom.html (409 words)

	Jelly fungi & Wood-ears
		The basidia of the jelly fungi are septate along their long axes and have long, often weakly sinuous sterigmata.
		As in the jelly fungi, the basidia of Auricularia are within the fruiting bodies with just the ends of the sterigmata (and the spores) beyond the surface.
		The basidia are in the smooth, semi-glossy undersurface - not the dull, roughened to bristly upper surface.
	www.anbg.gov.au /fungi/two-jelly-woodears.html (246 words)

	Mushroom - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A few mushrooms are classified by mycologists as Ascomycota (the "cup fungi"), the morel and truffle being good examples.
		Bracket fungi essentially lack a stipe, and the cap is attached like a bracket to the substratum, usually a log or tree trunk.
		A representative figure of this use of mushrooms is the shaman, curandera (priest-healer), Maria Sabina.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Mushroom (817 words)

	100 Plant Facts: Fungi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Fungi are a Kingdom distinct from true Plants (although traditionally they have been the domain of the botanist).
		The number of fungi described worldwide is estimated at around 70,000, but their total number may be as high as 1.5 million species.
		Fungi are divided into the Oomycota ('lower fungi'), with cellulose cell walls, and the Eumycota ('true fungi'), with chitin cells walls, which is similar to the material of the human fingernail.
	www.plant-talk.org /Pages/Pfacts3.html (614 words)

	Super VLB -- Classification -- Kingdom Fungi
		Cell walls of fungi are made up of a carbohydrate known as chitin and they are very hard and resistant to water loss.
		Fungi feed by absorbing small organic molecules; they secrete digestive enzymes and break down food into small molecules outside the fungus, then transport it in through membrane.
		Fungi, along with bacteria, are the most important decomposers in the biosphere.
	www.sidwell.edu /us/science/vlb/class/fungi (176 words)

	Jelly Fungi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		he Jelly Fungi in these pictures, both growing on dead twigs, are shown about double their natural size.
		These fungi have no stem, no gills or visible pores -- they are just hunks of jelly-like substance that grow exactly as shown in the pictures.
		Most jelly fungi are edible, though many people would say they don't taste like much.
	www.backyardnature.net /f/jellyfun.htm (131 words)

	Mushrooms and other larger fungi in the home garden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mushrooms and toadstools, false truffles, puffballs, earth-stars, stinkhorns, stalked puffballs, earth-balls and jelly fungi.
		Most larger fungi are harmless to your garden plants; however there are a number of larger pathogenic fungi that do live in and feed off living trees and shrubs.
		Infected trees of root rotting fungi eventually die and healthy trees and shrubs nearby may also become infected if their roots are in direct contact with the roots of an infected tree.
	www.dpi.qld.gov.au /business/11510.html (1228 words)

	[No title]
		You can trust antifungal chemical sprays to kill fungi, year after year, reliably and without risk to the applicator or to the environment or the consumer.
		jelly fungi reduce photosynthesis of their host plant by physically blocking sunlight from reaching the leaves.
		jelly fungi increase rates of host plant transpiration by physically breaching the epidermis and cuticle of the host.
	courses.bio.indiana.edu /B351-Tansey/B351source/source8.html (1353 words)

	Bell Herbarium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Fungi are a diverse group of organisms that typically share some ecological features, i.e., they have the same life style, but they have a number of evolutionary origins.
		Agarics, Boletes, Chanterelles, Coral Fungi, Polypores, Teeth Fungi, Jelly Fungi, Puffballs, Earthstars, Bird's Nest Fungi, Rusts, and Smuts and their relatives.
		Labyrinthulids are fungi of marine coastal waters with a distinctive cell organization.
	fungi.umn.edu /public/groups.html (186 words)

	Jelly Fungi (MushroomExpert.Com)
		The jelly fungi are diverse and complicated, representing an entire subclass (the Tremellomycetidae) of the Basidiomycetes.
		Identification of species often hinges on microscopic examination, and things are further complicated by the fact that it is often difficult to transport a jelly fungus home in "examinable" condition, to say nothing of the difficulties encountered with trying to dry and preserve specimens.
		Some of the jelly fungi are edible--notably, Auricularia auricula, which is a staple in some Asian cuisines--but they are for the most part unappetizing and difficult to cook (they tend to liquify in the pan).
	www.mushroomexpert.com /jellies.html (237 words)

	Tree-Ear & Witch's Butter (Jelly Fungi) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Tree-Ear is one of the Jelly Fungi, a diverse group distantly related to mushrooms and toadstools.
		Jelly Fungi are seldom seen in summer in the Carolina Piedmont, perhaps because the weather is too hot and dry.
		Surprisingly, the Jelly Fungi are edible; one recipe calls for Tree-Ear to be soaked, sliced, and added to casseroles to provide "snappy" texture.
	www.hiltonpond.org /ThisWeek020322.html (804 words)

	Common3
		Found among these fungi are the rust and smut fungi, the jelly fungi, mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, and bird’s nest fungi.
		The jelly fungi are common saprobes, but we will see in a later chapter that they are also cultivated for food (Fig.
		These are the fungi we commonly refer to as mold and mildew because they normally form extensive mycelium with powdery spores.
	www.angelfire.com /wizard/kimbrough/Textbook/CommonGroupsBasidioDeutero_blue.htm (501 words)

	Feature Article October 23
		Fungi lack chlorophyll and must obtain their food by living in or on other organic matter, and many are important as sources of vitamins, hormones and antibiotics.
		Many of the Coral Fungi are edible, but not all, and difficulty in identification means they should probably be avoided.
		The Tooth Fungi are mainly tough, woody and inedible, though a very few are highly prized by gourmets.
	www.newsweb.ca /Nature_Reflections_FungiOct.htm (595 words)

	MykoWeb -- Evolution & Morphology in the Homobasidiomycetes
		There, excluding the rust and smut fungi and the traditional gasteromycetes, Fries divided all the basidiomycetes into 6 major groups based on the shape of the fruiting body (sporocarp) in the field.
		The result was a major rearrangement of the basidiomycete fungi, achieved by de-emphasizing the field-based characters and giving the microscopic characters a central role in determining classification.
		The Jelly Fungi do not form a single clade but includes all the fungi that are traditionally recognized in the 3 main orders of the Auriculariales, Dacrymycetales, and Tremellales.
	www.mykoweb.com /articles/Homobasidiomycete_clades.html (2822 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Sebacinoid Species from the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana
		Fungi remain one of the most poorly characterized groups of organisms in the world.
		The fungi in a remote region of a Neotropical rainforest in Guyana are being surveyed to document their occurrence and function in this unique ecosystem.
		In this paper, two species of jelly fungi related to rust and smut fungi are described and reported from this region for the first time.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=155341 (229 words)

	JELLY FUNGI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The common feature of the jelly fungi is that they produce fruitbodies with a gelatinous consistency.
		Many of these fungi also have forked basidia or basidia that are divided transversely by septa.
		A fruitbody of Tremella mesenterica, about 10 cm across, growing from a dead branch of a fallen beech tree (Fagus sylvatica).
	helios.bto.ed.ac.uk /bto/jelly.htm (260 words)

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