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	Dutch language - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Dutch language is considered to have originated in about AD 700 (a rather arbitrary date) from the various Germanic dialects spoken in the Netherlands region, mostly of (Low) Frankian origin.
		Dutch is spoken in the Netherlands, the northern half of Belgium (Flanders, including Belgium's capital Brussels), the northernmost part of France, the Netherlands Antilles, Aruba, Suriname and amongst certain groups in Indonesia.
		New Jersey in particular had an active Dutch community with a highly divergent dialect that was spoken as recently as the 1950s.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /dutch_language.htm (3182 words)

	Language School Explorer - Dutch_language information.
		Dutch is not on the curriculum of German schools, except in some border cities, such as Aachen.
		The Dutch Language Union, an association established by the Dutch government and the government of Flanders, in 2004 further extended with Surinam, defines what is AN and what is not, e.g.
		An oddity of West Flemish (and to a lesser extent, East Flemish) is that the pronunciation of the "soft g" sound (the voiced velar fricative) is almost identical to that of the "h" sound (the voiced glottal fricative).
	www.school-explorer.com /Dutch (3574 words)

	American in the Mid-Atlantic
		Pennsylvania German, or Pennsylvania Dutch, as it is sometimes called, (though it is a dialect of German and not of Dutch), is the most well-known of the immigrant languages, because of the number of speakers as well as the fact that it is still spoken in the present day.
		Pennsylvania Dutch: A Dialect of South German with an Infusion of English by S. Haldeman (1872) is an early and thorough scholarly treatment of the dialect as it was spoken in the late 19th century.
		Jersey Dutch was also used by the Negroes of the area, who developed a variety with its own dialectal pecularities.
	www.evolpub.com /Americandialects/MidAtlminlang.html (521 words)

	Colonial New Jersey
		The first settlements in New Jersey were made by the Dutch along the western bank of the Hudson, with one on the Delaware at Fort Nassau; but these settlements were insignificant, and the history of the colony properly begins with the occupation of the territory by the English.
		New Jersey was included in the grant of Charles II to his brother James, the Duke of York, in 1664.
		New Jersey was also singularly free from Indian wars, the people living on the most friendly terms with the red men, with whom they kept up a profitable trade in furs and game.
	www.usahistory.info /colonies/New-Jersey.html (1109 words)

	Firth Haring Fabend - Zion on the Hudson: Dutch New York and New Jersey in the Age of Revivals
		By 1628 an ordained Reformed Dutch minister had organized a congregation and was conducting worship services in a room constructed for the purpose over the horsemill near the fort at the Battery (Exchange Square today).
		As Zion on the Hudson relates the experience of Dutch Calvinists in nineteenth-century New York and New Jersey, it tells it perforce against the background of the unfolding age of revivals, a story now mostly forgotten, although it took place to a great extent in public and was minutely reported in the public press.
		In private, Reformed Dutch people attempted to teach their children the rudiments of their faith in their homes, confronted themselves in their diaries and journals as they recorded their spiritual struggles, doubts, and unbelief, and retired to pray in secret over the state of their souls and over the souls of their loved ones.
	members.authorsguild.net /fhfabend/work2.htm (746 words)

	Donna Speer Ristenbatt Genealogy/Reformed Dutch Church Records
		Also, the Dutch records are wonderful in that they give (usually) the wife's maiden name in the baptismal and marriage records.
		The Archives of the Reformed Dutch Church of America is housed in New Brunswick, NJ at the Gardner Sage Library.
		For example, the Acquackanonk Reformed Dutch Church which started in 1693 (For the record, Acquackanonk is currently Passaic, N.J.) gave birth to Fairfield Reformed Dutch Church in 1720, Pompton Plains Reformed Dutch Church about 1736, Totowa Reformed Dutch Church in 1755 and Montville Reformed Dutch Church in 1756.
	www.ristenbatt.com /genealogy/dutch_ch.htm (1853 words)

	Colonial Times
		As the settlements expanded, land was cleared and the Jersey Dutch settlers laid the foundations for their stone farmhouses.
		In 1744 John Ryken of Dutch descent and a farmer from Newtown, NY, settled in "the Closters" - actually was the first settler in the "Rocklands" - building the Ryker-Mabie-Conklin-Sneden House on the east side of Snedens Landing Road on land purchased from Henry Ludlow.
		The persistence of the agricultural Dutch along Snedens Landings Road (Rockleigh Road) has preserved this rural atmosphere which is reminiscent of the tradition of 18th and 19th century farm regions.
	www.rockleigh.org /History/Colonial_Era.htm (2133 words)

	newjersey.html
		Our ancestor's precense in New Jersey is interrupted and involves only a few persons not relevant to the colony or state for their entire life history and at the beginning and towards the end of the entire study of our lines.
		It was from Jersey City and on trips to Adams County Pennsylvania to visit her mother's family of that place that Ruth Reinecke met her future husband James Donald Swope and so became herself an Adams County Pennsylvanian by right of marriage.
		New Sweden crumbled to the dutch in 1657.
	www.cynthiaswope.com /withinthevines/newjersey.html (1217 words)

	Historic Maps, Trail Maps and Other Maps of Northern New Jersey - North Jersey's Internet Magazine - RT23.COM
		Early maps of Northern New Jersey show sparse homesteads of the early European colonists spreading from the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (New York City) into the wild, untamed forests of Northern New Jersey.
		Dutch farmers established large farms and German craftsmen started iron foundries to form the foundations of a new civilization in America.
		Railroad track was laid early in the nineteenth century to move raw material and produce from the farms and iron mines in northwestern New Jersey to the population centers of the New York City area.
	www.rt23.com /maps/index.shtml (366 words)

	Harold G. Van Riper's THE VAN RIPER FAMILY TREE- part 2 of 6
		Dutch language among the Holland Dutch in New Jersey.
		The Dutch doors were double, the upper half opening separately.
		The upper half of the door was generally panelled in the form of a cross.
	home.planet.nl /~riper/vanripercc/harold2.htm (480 words)

	Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Bergen [Jersey City], New Jersey, 1666-1788 -- Genealogy Database for Family ...
		Jersey City, New Jersey Directories, 1891-93 Directories listing for over 167,000 names for Jersey City, New Jersey from 1891 to 1893.
		Sparta, New Jersey, Presbyterian Church Records Proceedings of the Centennial Anniversary of the Presbyterian Church at Sparta, New Jersey, November 23, 1886.
		New Jersey - State Fact Sheet Save yourself hours of time and aggravation by ordering this information-packed, two-page coated reference sheet specially developed to simplify genealogical research in the state of New Jersey.
	www.familybirthrecords.com /db.asp?dbid=6046 (422 words)

	Vital Records
		Started in about 1850 by the Dutch Ref. Churches of N.Y.C. (hence, the name), this cemetery also "received" the remains of many earlier burials from neighboring cemeteries.
		Westervelt, Frances A., BERGEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY MARRIAGE RECORDS (circa 1796 - 1878.) Copied from the Entries as Originally Made at the Court House by the Ministers and Justices of the Peace of the County.
		An index, based on rateables, of the inhabitants of New Jersey during the period of the American Revolution.
	www.bergenhistoricbooks.com /vitalrecords.html (1214 words)

	dutchlanguage
		Cape Dutch, or Afrikaans, spoken in South Africa, is an offshoot of Dutch that is now considered a separate language.
		In the 13th century a determined effort was made to establish a literary Dutch, the leader in the movement being the poet Jacob van Maerlant (1225-91).
		The language is officially called Dutch by the governments of Belgium and the Netherlands, but the people living in the historic Flanders region still often use the term Flemish because of its historical and sociocultural connotations.
	www.rabbel.info /dutchlanguage.html (2845 words)

	Outwater's History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Terence Ripmaster and Dr. Michael Shaw of The William Paterson College of New Jersey, whom I found to be unfailing sources of inspiration and guidance.
		The majority of the County's citizens were prosperous Dutch farmers 1, the descendants of the original settlers who had founded New Netherlands a century and a half before.
		By 1780, the flight of refugee Dutch farmers had reached such proportions that the Classis of the Dutch Reformed Church noted the lamentable condition of its congregations.35 The Whigs, having no haven to which to flee, were compelled to organize for their own protection.
	www.patmedia.net /gvalis/ggv/battles/Outwater.html (6144 words)

	The Ramapough Mountain People : The Jackson Whites
		Their largely Dutch surnames, de Groot, de Fries, van der Donck, and Mann, in all their variant spellings, are among the oldest in the countryside and predate the Revolutionary War.
		A "Jersey Dutch" vocabulary and dictionary by the brother of John C. Storms, the N.J. newspaper editor who popularized and embellished the legends of the Jackson Whites.
		A pronunciaiton gazetteer and dictionary of the Dutch dialects of the Hudson Valley area of NewYork and neighboring New Jersey.
	www.netstrider.com /documents/whites (7896 words)

	Hermitage and Its People
		The first settlers in the general area of The Hermitage were the Hopper, Bogert, Ackerman, Oldes and Terhune families of Dutch ancestry.
		She was born in Rempoch (Ramapo) and baptized in 1719 in the Hackensack Dutch Reformed Church.
		They were a family of English background amongst primarily Jersey Dutch neighbors and they brought a more well-to-do, professional way of life into a farming community not long removed from frontier conditions.
	www.thehermitage.org /pioneer_text.html (937 words)

	Adherents.com: By Location
		There is substantial variation, from as low as 7% in Georgia and 9% in Vermont and North Carolina, up to 26% in New Jersey...
		Byelorussian Autocephalic Orthodox Church in the U.S.A. New Jersey
		Besides the congregation in South River, New Jersey, parishes are found in Chicago and Toronto.
	www.adherents.com /adhloc/Wh_230.html (1840 words)

	Linguistic Geography of Pennsylvania
		The Hudson Valley is linguistically distinctive because of the variety of Dutch called "Jersey Dutch" or "Albany Dutch," spoken there into the twentieth century.
		Jersey Dutch is a variety of the true Dutch language spoken in Holland, as opposed to "Pennsylvania Dutch" which is actually a dialect of German.
		The urban centers of this region have not received much attention, since linguistic interest has usually been diverted to the rural Pennsylvania Dutch speakers nearby, although certainly even the largest cities of the Lower Susquehanna have preserved a great many "Dutch" usages.
	www.evolpub.com /Americandialects/PennaDialMap.html (1859 words)

	] The Big gEDcom page 9 [
		Not only does the author describe New Jersey burial grounds, she also introduces you to the history and lore of old graveyards, shows you how to read epitaphs, how to date gravestones by style, how to restore an abandoned graveyard, and how to find the stories of the people buried there.
		New Jersey and the Revolutionary War; Alfred Hoyt Bill; This is a complete account of New Jersey's important role in the Revolutionary War, containing a survey of the major military developments as well as the social and economic effects on New Jersey.
		Land Use in Early New Jersey; A Historical Geography; Peter O. Wacker and Paul G. Clemens This is the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary study of land use in New Jersey during the period of settled field agriculture--roughly from the early seventeenth century to 1822.
	www.altlaw.com /edball/biged9.htm (13939 words)

	1946 - 1947 Boston Celtics Home Throwback Jersey from Mitchell & Ness, With #15 On The Jersey (Jack "Dutch" Garfinkel) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These are the hallmarks of Mitchell & Ness' jerseys, jackets, sweaters and felt pennants.
		Dutch played for the Boston Celtics in the newly formed BAA (Basketball Association of America).
		Among his many notable distinctions, Dutch is credited with being the first to initiate the "look-away" pass that has become such a crowd-pleasing staple of today's game.
	www.onlinesports.com /pages/I,MN-CEL47H15.html (353 words)

	On the Trail of Our Ancestors/Dutch Baptismal Names
		It was very important to carry down the paternal grandfather's name, and if a Dutch couple seemed to be having girls only, they might make a feminine name out of a masculine name.
		Since the New Jersey Dutch would traditionally use their father's first name as the middle name until late into the 19th century, the researcher is left with the dilemma of what the middle initial suggests - perhaps Johannes or perhaps Isaac.
		Also keep in mind when looking at Dutch records, that other nationality names are included in church records, for example the French Huguenot and the German.
	www.ristenbatt.com /genealogy/dutch_na.htm (403 words)

	The Revolutionary War in the Hackensack Valley: The Jersey Dutch and the Neutral Ground, 1775-1783:0813508983:Leiby, ...
		After November 1776, the Hackensack Valley--located in northeastern New Jersey and Rockland County, New York--lay between the invading British army in New York City and the main Continental defense forces in the Hudson Highlands.
		Jersey Dutch patriot and Tory troops carried on a five-year war of neighbors between the lines, while the grand armies of Britain and America maneuvered on either side of them for a chance to strike a blow at the other.
		Adrian Leiby offers an exciting narrative of the people of Dutch New Jersey and New York during this conflict.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0813508983 (157 words)

	Settlement of New Jersey
		The Dutch West India Company worked to stimulate settlement in the area by granting patroonships, land grants in which the grantee was given proprietary and manorial rights over settlers he sponsored.
		The name New Jersey was introduced, which honored the isle of Jersey in the English Channel.
		The situation was further complicated by New Jersey's twin capitals at this period.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h591.html (544 words)

	What minority languages do you speak or understand (page 7) \| Antimoon Forum
		To me a language is a world language when you can reach multiple countries in several continents,that virtually inpossible with german.
		Dutch is spoken by 27 million people (If you add Afrikaans) in Holland, Belgium, Suriname, South-Africa, France,...
		German is spoken by over 100 million people in Germany, Switzerland and Austria...
	www.antimoon.com /forum/posts/6335-7.htm (439 words)

	Genealogy Books - BigTreeBooks.com
		This one-volume consolidation of the printed records of the Dutch Church of Bergen, now Jersey City, is comprised of three main parts: baptisms, marriages, and burials.
		Also included in this authoritative work are histories of early New Jersey Dutch families and a history of Bergen.
		These records include Paramus Reformed Dutch Church, baptisms, list of members for 1799; a few records from the Waldwick Methodist Church, baptisms, Ministers 1791-99; Ramapo Lutheran Church, baptisms 1750-1800.
	bigtreebooks.com /List.asp?Topic=Bergen (272 words)

	[No title]
		D4.htm#i5894DOUWAndrea /DOUW/23 Feb 1746Readington New Jersey Dutch Church
		D4.htm#i5894DOUWVolkert /DOUW/3 Oct 1747Readington New Jersey Dutch Church
		D3.htm#i4544POLHEMUSHendrick /POLHEMUS/6 Oct 1700Brooklyn Dutch ChurchAbt 1768Harlingen, Somerset County, NJ
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Hills/8048/Polhemus/gendex.txt (3861 words)

	New Jersey Ancestors Databases
		New Jersey German Reformed Church Records, 1763-1802
		Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Bergen [Jersey City], New Jersey, 1666-1788
		Preakness and Preakness Reformed Church, Passaic County, New Jersey: Town History, 1695-1902
	worldgene.org /newjersey.htm (371 words)

	Double Dutch League of New Jersey
		Today double dutch is a highly competitive sport, which requires strength, creativity, agility and lots of practice.
		Competitive double dutch is part of the urban lexicon because it can be a passport to a life of accomplishment and productivity.
		The sport demands discipline, and fills otherwise idle hours during important formative years, and builds self-esteem and confidence.
	www.geocities.com /Colosseum/Ring/9193 (66 words)

	Adherents.com: By Location
		"Practitioners of a fast-growing spiritual movement called Falun Dafa, the group is one of a dozen meeting in New Jersey.
		"The Kalmyks in the United States have four functioning temples--three in Howell, New Jersey, and one in Philadelphia.
		In addition to the main group at Oneida [Oneida Creek, NY], there were smaller branches at Willow Place, New York; Cambridge, Vermont; Newark, New Jersey; Wallingford, Connecticut; New York City; and Putney, Vermont...
	www.adherents.com /adhloc/Wh_231.html (2161 words)

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