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	Right Concentration (jhanas)
		The singleness of jhana means not only that awareness is focused on a single object, but also that the object is reduced to a single quality that fills the entirety of one's awareness, at the same time that one's awareness broadens to suffuse the entire object.
		Jhana focused on this type of form comes in four levels, identical with the four levels mentioned in the definition of the faculty of concentration [§72] and of right concentration under the noble eightfold path [§102].
		These are the four formless jhanas: the sphere of the infinitude of space, the sphere of the infinitude of consciousness, the sphere of nothingness, and the sphere of neither perception nor non-perception.
	www.buddhanet.net /wingsae.htm (9301 words)

	The Jhanas in Theravada Buddhist Meditation
		The sense-sphere (kamadhatu) is the field of rebirth for evil deeds and for meritorious deeds falling short of the jhanas; the fine-material sphere (rupadhatu), the field of rebirth for the fine-material jhanas; and the immaterial sphere (arupadhatu), the field of rebirth for the immaterial jhanas.
		In their capacity for producing concentration the jhanas are called the basis (pada) for insight, and that particular jhana a meditator enters and emerges from before commencing his practice of insight is designated his padakajjhana, the basic or foundational jhana.
		Thence, taking the absorptive force of the jhana factors as the criterion, the paths and fruits may be reckoned as belonging to either the first, second, third or fourth jhana of the fourfold scheme, or to the first, second, third, fourth or fifth jhana of the fivefold scheme.
	www.purifymind.com /TheJhanas.htm (18609 words)

	Jhana
		Jhana is a meditative state of profound stillness and concentration in which the mind becomes fully immersed and absorbed in the chosen object of attention.
		He enters and remains in the third jhana, of which the Noble Ones declare, 'Equanimous and mindful, he has a pleasurable abiding.' He permeates and pervades, suffuses and fills this very body with the pleasure divested of rapture, so that there is nothing of his entire body unpervaded with pleasure divested of rapture.
		Mastery of jhana is a mark of wisdom
	accesstoinsight.org /ptf/dhamma/sacca/sacca4/samma-samadhi/jhana.html (634 words)

	Absorption In Vipassana Practice: Jhanas by Steven Smith (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Jhana is a deep unification and centering of mind, freeing it from proliferating and fabricating thought.
		Samatha jhanas arise from pure concentration meditation practice, which is focusing attention on a single object of concentration with an unwavering awareness until the mind becomes deeply and completely absorbed in that single object.
		Vipassana jhanas, on the other hand, are actually Insight [Vipassana] stages with the mind absorbed on Dhamma, the true nature of experience arising through the six sense fields of experience: seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, touching and thinking, the mental/emotive flow of consciousness.
	www.vipassanahawaii.org /articles/vipassana_jhanas.htm (823 words)

	Jahanas 01 - Gunaratana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		From these it is clear that the jhanas are states of deep mental unification which result from the centering of the mind upon a single object with such power of attention that a total immersion in the object takes place.
		These supramundane jhanas are the levels of concentration pertaining to the four degrees of enlightenment experience called the supramundane paths (magga) and the stages of liberation resulting form them, the four fruits (phala).
		In the vocabulary of Buddhist meditation the word "jhana" is closely connected with another word, "samadhi" generally rendered by "concentration." Samadhi derives from the prefixed verbal root sam-a-dha, meaning to collect or to bring together, thus suggesting the concentration or unification of the mind.
	www.saigon.com /~anson/ebud/jhanas/jhanas01.htm (1930 words)

	Wings to Awakening: Part III-F
		The role of jhana as a condition for transcendent discernment is one of the most controversial issues in the Theravada tradition.
		In contrast to the issue of the role of jhana as a condition for discernment, the role of discernment as a condition for jhana is uncontroversial.
		The Buddha: Sandha, practice the absorption (jhana) of a thoroughbred horse, not the absorption of an unbroken colt.
	here-and-now.org /wings.book/3f.html (4648 words)

	Newsletter ...1-7-2003
		Secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unwholesome states, he enters and abides in the first jhana, which is accompanied by applied and sustained thought, with delight (piti) and pleasure (sukha) born of seclusion.
		Venerable Ananda replies that the kind of meditation where the Four jhanas are attained was praised by the Buddha; the kind of meditation where the Five Hindrances are not eliminated was not praised by the Buddha.
		Thus the type of meditation where there is jhana attainment was praised by the Buddha; the type of meditation where jhana is not attained was not praised by the Buddha.
	www.urbandharma.org /udnl/nl010703.html (7164 words)

	GWV Jhana Resource Guide
		Within a Theravadan Buddhist context the meditative absorption states are known as "Jhana." The Buddha defined the eighth fold of the Noble Eightfold Path in terms of jhana (DN 22.21).
		The Virtual Sangha for Practitioners of Meditative Absorption and Insight is a primarily Buddhist forum to discuss the practice of meditative absorption, known as Jhana in Pali and Dhyana in Sanskrit, and its relationship to revealing transcendent Insight, known as Vipassana or Vipasyana, for the ultimate purpose of Awakening.
		Mahaasaccaka sutta (MN 36) On the pleasure of meditation (jhana), the fruits (phala) of the contemplative life, and the Dark Night of the Soul.
	www.greatwesternvehicle.org /jhanasources.htm (1308 words)

	The Jhanas in Theravadan Buddhist Meditation
		This is why Jhana practice is sometimes referred to as "sharpening Manjushri's sword"; once the sword is sharp, once the mind is concentrated, it is much easier to cut through the bonds of ignorance (Manjushri is the Tibetan Bodhisattva of Wisdom.
		The Jhanas are a concentration practice and concentration has already been stated in section 10 to be a lesser state than knowledge and vision.
		The Jhanas are natural states on mind, but the lives we lead here at the close of the 20th century are so filled that it is difficult to find the quiet, natural mind.
	www.angelfire.com /electronic/awakening101/janas.html (3789 words)

	Confessions of a Jhana Jockey
		Jhana has five essential characteristics, or “factors,” that distinguish it during meditation practice: applied attention; sustained attention; bliss; happiness; and one-pointed concentration.
		A meditator slipping into jhana for the first time might be forgiven for thinking she or he has had the ultimate spiritual experience.
		Jhana, as wonderful as it is, is just a pleasant development on the way to enlightenment, and the two should never be confused.
	www.serve.com /cyberkaya/rik/jhana2.htm (671 words)

	Instruction for Entering Jhana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Pali word jhana (Sanskrit dhyana) is sometimes simply translated as "meditation," but more accurately refers to an "absorption" into a very focused, very stable state of concentration.
		The likelihood of you experiencing a jhana is inversely proportional to the amount of desire that you have for it.
		So the first prerequisite for entering the jhanas is to put the body in a position that you can just leave it in for the length of the sitting without having to move.
	home.alamedanet.net /~leighb/jhana3.htm (2425 words)

	VISUDDHIMAGGA, Chapter 10 (ARUPPA-NIDDESA); BUDDHAGHOSA
		For (a) the jhana of the fine-material sphere is called `matter' in such passages as `Possessed of visible matter he sees instances of matter' (D.ii,70 ;M.ii,12), and (b) it is its object too [that is called `matter'] in such passages as `He sees instances of visible matter externally,.
		That `boundless space' is a `base (ƒyatana)' in the sense of habitat for the jhana whose nature it is to be associated with it, as the `deities' base' is for deities, thus it is the `base consisting of boundless space (ƒkƒsƒna¤cƒyatana)'.
		That boundless consciousness (vi¤¤ƒ¤a¤ca) is the base (ƒyatana) in the sense of foundation for the jhana whose nature it is to be associated with it, as the 'deities' base is for deities, thus it is the 'base consisting of boundless conscious- ness (vi¤¤ƒ¤cƒyatana)'.
	www.well.com /user/gilesgal/gosa10.html (5559 words)

	Stages of Buddhist Meditation
		JHANA OR DHYANA WITHOUT FORM (arupa jhana): absorption without form, leading to increasing rarefaction or incorporeality (similar to Patanjali's asamprajnata samadhi.
		JHANA OR DHYANA WITH FORM (rupa): absorption in supporting content (similar to Patanjali's samprajnata samadhi).
		NOTE: In Buddhism, the meditative stages of samatha (or shamatha: tranquillity), Samadhi (specifically, access concentration: upacara samadhi), and jhana [Pali] or dhyana [Sanskrit] (absorption) correspond roughly to Patanjali's dharana, dhyana, Samadhi, respectively.
	www.angelfire.com /electronic/awakening101/absorption.html (1510 words)

	Entering Jhana
		Quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unwholesome states, I entered upon and abided in the first jhana, which is accompanied by applied and sustained thought, with rapture and pleasure born of seclusion.
		With the stilling of applied and sustained thought, I entered upon and abided in the second jhana, which has self-confidence and singleness of mind without applied and sustained thought, with rapture and pleasure born of concentration.
		With the abandoning of pleasure and pain, and with the previous disappearance of joy and grief, I entered upon and abided in the fourth jhana, which has neither-pain-nor-pleasure and purity of mindfulness due to equanimity.
	www.urbandharma.org /udharma7/enterjhana.html (2561 words)

	Jhana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Jhana is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		Jhana (Pali) Meditation in wisdom, equivalent to Sanskrit jnana and dhyana.
		Development of jhana arises from the temporary suspension of the five hindrances (see nivarana) through the development of five mental factors:
	www.experiencefestival.com /jhana (455 words)

	The characteristic manifestations of absorption
		I believe it would be better to translate "jhana-nimitta" as the "characteristics of absorption." Or another word in the English language would be "charism" which is a term from contemplative Christianity that generally means the charismatic phenomena that is associated with the personal religious experience (absorption).
		Many of the members of the Jhana Support Group (5) have reported charismatic ringing, which is typically an omnidirectional whirring, buzzing, ringing, rushing or whistling that seems to originate from the center of the head, and is a consequence of a rigorous meditation practice.
		Through reading the record of numerous contemplatives on the Jhana Support Group I have found that most people who manifest any one of the charismatic phenomena (jhana-nimitta) typically manifest other characteristic charismatic phenomena, as well as various psychic abilities.
	www.greatwesternvehicle.org /jhananimitta.htm (2325 words)

	Jahanas 03 - Gunaratana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The third factor present in the first jhana is piti, usually translated as joy or rapture.[4] In the suttas piti is sometimes said to arise from another quality called pamojja, translated as joy or gladness, which springs up with the abandonment of the five hindrances.
		Rapture is graded into five categories: minor rapture, momentary rapture, showering rapture, uplifting rapture and pervading rapture.[6] Minor rapture is generally the first to appear in the progressive development of meditation; it is capable of causing the hairs of the body to rise.
		O bliss!' etc., is the sense of ease [happiness] grown strong, established in that mode of enjoying the taste of the object.
	www.budsas.org /ebud/jhanas/jhanas03.htm (4792 words)

	Jhana Not by the Numbers
		Yet despite the booklet's detailed descriptions of jhana, he himself rarely mentioned the word jhana in his conversations, and never indicated to any of his students that they had reached a particular level of jhana in their practice.
		If his students wanted to measure their progress against the descriptions of jhana in the booklet, that was their business and none of his.
		In either case, the basic pattern was the same: detecting the level of perception or mental fabrication that was causing the unnecessary stress, and dropping it for a more subtle level of perception or fabrication until there was nothing left to drop.
	www.buddhanet.net /budsas/ebud/ebmed085.htm (1606 words)

	The Jhanas (Meditative Absorptions)
		Their principle use in Buddhist meditation is to generate ever increasing levels of concentration so that later when the meditative mind is turned to a practice that tends towards wisdom, it can do that practice with far less distraction.
		I created 3 handouts on the jhana factors for a day-long course I taught at the Sati Center.
		Tho not specifically about the Jhanas, this article from Newsweek on meditation is interesting as well.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/6774/jhanas.htm (658 words)

	Three Fundamental Concepts
		Rupa jhanas are jhanas that take place as a result of concentrating one's mind on a corporeal object.
		And arupa jhanas are jhanas that take place as a result of concentrating one's mind on an incorporeal object.
		His jhana cittas are not like ordinary vithi cittas, which are limited to seventeen thought-moments at a time.
	www.buddhistinformation.com /three_fundamental_concepts.htm (3827 words)

	Swift Pair of Messengers - Ajahn Sujato (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		With the stilling of initial and sustained application of mind, he enters and abides in the second jhana, where there is inner clarity and unification, without initial and sustained application, but with rapture and bliss born of samadhi.
		The four jhanas may be regarded as the ultimate manifestation of the psychology of bliss.
		These jhanas as noble right samadhi itself are similar in their basic functions and natures to jhana practiced outside the eightfold path.
	zencomp.com /greatwisdom/ebud/swiftpair/03.htm (13424 words)

	Concentration and Insight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In Pali these are called jhana and vipassana, and these terms are used a lot in Buddhist practice.
		I don't find any of this in the Pali Canon Suttas; in fact, quite the opposite, jhana is what you do, and jhana is what you go for, on the way developing vipassana and all the other fine qualities of choiceless awareness (this is Krishnamurti's phrase, but often used by Buddhist teachers).
		And this is the key point: jhana is not just mindless concentration, bringing the errant mind again and again back to the point of concentration, like a grim repititious treadmill task; but a mindful concentration, needing some effort of course, but also skill and awareness, which is intensely enjoyable.
	www.mikefinch.com /md/art/ci.htm (978 words)

	Abhidhamma Papers: Rupa, sense impression, the jhana factors and the hindrances
		In the discussion after essay three, it was emphasised that the terms citta, cetasika and rupa do not require fixed designations: the rupa jhanas, for instance, are so called because they involve a shift to a more subtle level of matter than the rupa of the physical world.
		Perhaps there is a comparable contrast between the world of the senses and that of the mind, that occurs throughout our ordinary experience and which also involves a shift of level.
		The 'fiveness' of the jhana factors was also discussed, and it was recalled that the factors are referred to as the jhana limbs.
	www.samatha.org /publications/abhidhammapapers/ch4_1.html (2319 words)

	Wings to Awakening
		enters and remains in the first jhana: rapture and pleasure born of withdrawal, accompanied by directed thought and evaluation.
		He notices that 'This first jhana is fabricated and willed.' He discerns, 'Whatever is fabricated and willed is inconstant and subject to cessation.' Staying right there, he reaches the ending of the effluents.
		Now there is the case where a monk -- quite withdrawn from sensuality, withdrawn from unskillful qualities -- enters and remains in the first jhana...
	www.purifymind.com /Wings20.htm (4830 words)

	The Thirty-One Planes of Existence
		Consists of four realms that are accessible to those who pass away while meditating in the formless jhanas.
		Consists of sixteen realms whose inhabitants (the devas) experience extremely refined degrees of mental pleasure.
		These realms are accessible to those who have attained at least some level of jhana and who have thereby managed to (temporarily) suppress hatred and ill-will.
	www.cambodianbuddhist.org /english/website/ptf/loka.html (1062 words)

	Zolag-Pali Glossary
		change of lineage, the last citta of the sense-sphere before jhana, absorption, is attained, or enlightenment is attained
		cetasikas which have to be cultivated for the attainment of jhana: vitakka, vicara, piti, sukha, samadhi
		sphere of neither perception nor non-perception, the meditation subject of the fourth immaterial jhana.
	www.zolag.co.uk /pglos.html (1522 words)

	Thirty One Planes of Existence
		2 MK 2 nd Jhana of minor degree
		Brahma Sahampati beg Buddha to teach Dhamma to the world.
		0.3 AK 1 st Jhana of minor degree
	home.netcom.com /~mpaw1234/id12.html (230 words)

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