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	Jiahu - TvWiki, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The settlement at Jiahu was surrounded by a moat and covered an area of 55,000 square metres.
		The inhabitants of Jiahu cultivated millet and rice.
		Jiahu rice cultivation is one of the earliest found, and the most northerly found at such an early stage in history.
	www.tvwiki.tv /wiki/Jiahu (391 words)

	Jiahu - China-related Topics JI-JL - China-Related Topics
		The settlement at Jiahu was surrounded by a moat and covered an area of 55,000 square metres.
		The inhabitants of Jiahu cultivated millet and rice.
		Jiahu rice cultivation is one of the earliest found, and the most northerly found at such an early stage in history.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Jiahu (451 words)

	Jiahu info here at en.along-gasoline-alley.info
		The clincher at Jiahu was skirted by a moat und camouflaged an width of 55,000 square metres.
		The inhabitants of Jiahu cultivated millet und rice.
		Scientists from the University of Pennsylvania catechismed synthetical dissolution to pottery jars from Jiahu und rink in substantiation of alcohol fermented from rice, honey und hawthorn.
	en.along-gasoline-alley.info /Jiahu (600 words)

	Jiahu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The last two phases correspond to the Peiligang culture, while the earliest phase is unique to Jiahu.
		The middle phase at Jiahu contains several flutes, including an interesting pair of hexatonic flutes.
		Researchers hypothesize that the alcohol was fermented by the process of mold saccharification.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jiahu (492 words)

	Jiahu (ca. 7000–5700 B.C.) \| Thematic Essay \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The archaeological site of Jiahu in the Yellow River basin of Henan Province, central China, is remarkable for the cultural and artistic remains uncovered there.
		Whether the same association between flutes and cranes existed for the Neolithic inhabitants at Jiahu is not known, but the remains there may provide clues to the underpinnings of later cultural traditions in central China.
		Pictograms, signs carved on tortoiseshells, were also uncovered at Jiahu.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/jiah/hd_jiah.htm (378 words)

	Natural History Magazine \| Feature
		Jiahu is the name of a modern village in central China and, by extension, the name of the ancient flute-owner’s village, or at least its archaeological remains.
		The excavation at Jiahu uncovered the remains of 439 juveniles and adults, buried in pits, and 32 infants, buried in urns.
		Their purpose at Jiahu remains obscure, but in prehistoric Europe, some human bones seem to have been circulated among the graves and the living population, presumably because they were valued or venerated.
	www.naturalhistorymag.com /0905/0905_feature.html (3458 words)

	ILovePhilosophy.com Discussion Forums :: View topic - EARLIEST WRITING?
		Jiahu and its incised signs belong near the beginning of this long period of Neolithic development.
		In the context of links between the Jiahu culture and later developments in the region, it is interesting to note that this graceful shape is still known millennia later in the Song and Qing Dynasties.
		During the 1984-87 excavation campaign at Jiahu came the startling discovery of a playable 7-hole flute spanning an octave and made from the bone of a crane (Grus japonensis) (Henan 1989,12; Henan 1999,447-9,992; Zhang et al 1999).
	www.ilovephilosophy.com /phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=140893 (5691 words)

	Exploring Chinese History :: Culture :: Chinese Archaeology :: Archaeological Sites
		Jiahu (Chinese: 賈湖) is the site of a Neolithic Yellow River settlement based in the central plains of ancient China, modern Wuyang, Henan Province.
		Scientists from the University of Pennsylvania applied chemical analysis to pottery jars from Jiahu and found evidence of alcohol fermented from rice, honey and hawthorn.
		At Jiahu, archaeologists identified eleven markings, nine on tortoise shells and two on bone, as possible evidence for proto-writing.
	www.ibiblio.org /chinesehistory/contents/02cul/c03s05.html (4467 words)

	Archaeologists Rewrite History
		After studying the artifacts from a site called Jiahu, in central China's Henan Province, they have proposed that the pictograms inscribed onto animal bones and shells unearthed there predate the jiaguwen used in the Shang Dynasty (c.
		The Jiahu site had already revealed a society of unexpected complexity, with 45 house foundations, 370 cellars, nine pottery kilns, and 349 graves containing objects including tools, ornaments, and ritual or musical artifacts.
		For example, a flat pot from the late Longshan Culture (2310-1810 BC) at Taosi, north China's Shanxi Province, is brush-painted with a red sign, which is identical to the modern character wen (literature).
	china.org.cn /english/2003/Jun/66806.htm (1602 words)

	Brookhaven Lab expert helps date flute thought to be oldest playable musical instrument
		"Jiahu has the potential to be one of the most significant and exciting early Neolithic sites ever investigated," said Harbottle.
		Tonal analysis of the flutes revealed that the seven holes correspond to a tone scale remarkably similar to the Western eight-note scale that begins "do, re, mi." This carefully-selected tone scale suggested to the researchers that the Neolithic musician of the seventh millennium BC could play not just single notes, but perhaps even music.
		Jiahu lies in the Central Yellow River Valley in mid-Henan Province and was inhabited from 7000 BC to 5700 BC.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-10/BNL-BLeh-041099.php (504 words)

	9,000 Year Old Chinese Flutes - Articles
		Jiahu may turn out to be one of the most important sites for understanding the early underpinnings of Chinese society, when humans left the caves of the Stone Age and began practicing agriculture and establishing permanent settlements.
		The 9,000-year-old flute that weathered the centuries to remain in unusually fine condition was found at the village of Jiahu, located by the central Yellow River valley in China.
		The Jiahu settlement that spanned 1,300 years was not advanced enough to leave behind any written records of its own.
	www.shakuhachi.com /K-9KChineseFlutes-Articles.html (2139 words)

	9,000 Year Old Chinese Flutes - Nature Article
		Jiahu was occupied from 7000 BC to 5700 BC, considerably antedating the well known Peiligang culture3,4,5.
		Jiahu lies in the 'Central Yellow River Valley'3 in mid-Henan Province, east of Mount Funiu and bounded by the flood plains of the Ni river to the south and the Sha river to the north.
		It should be possible, by constructing exact replicas of the Jiahu flutes in material whose density approximates bird-bone, to study the tonal sequences of all these instruments without endangering the valuable artefacts themselves.
	www.shakuhachi.com /K-9KChineseFlutes-Nature.html (1778 words)

	The Divje Bave fragments and the Jiahu flutes
		The Divje Bave fragments and the Jiahu flutes
		I also reviewed the way people had re-worked their pages in the wake of the article on the Jiahu flutes, and discovered that several other people had added pieces, all of which were in some way based on the Nature article.
		I hadn't at that stage, seen the Jiahu resonance data, but the apparent capabilities of the flute were both spookily close to what was needed for the Dragon Dance tune and within an engineering approximation of what might work at the red spot.
	dialspace.dial.pipex.com /town/avenue/pd49/pockets/weird/portel/chflute1.htm (806 words)

	Music in Ancient China
		The 9,000 year-old, 8.6 inch instrument in pristine condition has seven holes and was made from a hollow bone of a bird, the red-crowned crane.
		It is one of six flutes and 30 fragments recovered from the Jiahu archaeological site in Henan province.
		In addition to proving that the early Chinese were accomplished musicians and craftspeople the Jiahu site also reveals much about their culture.
	www.crystalinks.com /chinamusic.html (328 words)

	ETHNOMUSICOLOGY / Discussion Sparked by 9,ooo year-old Chinese flutes find
		The Jiahu bone flute was a sacrificial object.
		Zhao in his article casually made a connection between the Jiahu flute and some of the later Chinese scales, I am not sure there is convincing evidence.
		It was unanimous: The Jiahu bone flutes were the earliest Chinese musical instruments, with the scale, and it could play melodies.
	www.greenwych.ca /9ooo-1.htm (3982 words)

	Primitive Rice Seeds Found Further North in China
		The level of cultivation of rice in Jiahu obviously is higher than that of the same period in Yangtze River area, archaeologists said.
		Huaihe River, flowing from west to east and between the Yellow River in the north and the Yangtze River in the south, is originated in the Tongbo Mountains in Henan Province.
		Jiahu, with a history of 7,800 to 9,000 years, is a very important archaeological site of early Neolithic age.
	www.china.org.cn /english/16297.htm (509 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		But in a study published in the science journal PNAS on Monday, Dr Patrick McGovern of the University of Pennsylvania said laboratory tests on pottery jars from the village of Jiahu in Henan province had shown traces of a mixed fermented drink of rice, honey, and either grapes or hawthorne fruit.
		The archeological site of Jiahu, in the Yellow River Basin, is renowned for its cultural and artistic relics.
		Among those discovered are ancient houses, kilns, turquoise carvings, stone tools and flutes made from bone, thought to be the earliest examples of musical instruments ever found.
	web.syr.edu /~mcblack/index2.html (399 words)

	Ancient Alcoholic Beverages Beer - Crystalinks
		Their analysis of the Jiahu residues revealed traces of compounds found in rice, as well as the ancient Shang dynasty wines.
		The analysis revealed tartrates – a chemical concentrated in the seeds of grapes and hawthorn trees which are common in China.
		Jiahu is the oldest Chinese site with pottery - wood or leather containers would not have survived and so alcoholic beverage production could have gone even further back into Chinese history.
	www.crystalinks.com /earlyalcohol.html (433 words)

	Archaeologists Rewrite History
		After studying the artifacts from a site called Jiahu, in central China's Henan Province, they have proposed that the pictograms inscribed onto animal bones and shells unearthed there predate the jiaguwen used in the Shang Dynasty (c.
		The Jiahu site had already revealed a society of unexpected complexity, with 45 house foundations, 370 cellars, nine pottery kilns, and 349 graves containing objects including tools, ornaments, and ritual or musical artifacts.
		For example, a flat pot from the late Longshan Culture (2310-1810 BC) at Taosi, north China's Shanxi Province, is brush-painted with a red sign, which is identical to the modern character wen (literature).
	www.china.org.cn /english/2003/Jun/66806.htm (1602 words)

	Oldest Musical Instruments Dated
		"Jiahu has the potential to be one of the most significant and exciting early Neolithic sites ever investigated," said Harbottle.
		Tonal analysis of the flutes revealed that the seven holes correspond to a tone scale remarkably similar to the Western eight-note scale that begins "do, re, mi." This carefully-selected tone scale suggested to the researchers that the Neolithic musician of the seventh millennium BC could play not just single notes, but perhaps even music.
		Jiahu lies in the Central Yellow River Valley in mid-Henan Province and was inhabited from 7000 BC to 5700 BC.
	www.bnl.gov /bnlweb/pubaf/pr/1999/bnlpr092299.html (568 words)

	Archaeologists rewrite history
		Their work is based on the 1983-87 excavation of the Jiahu site, which was discovered in 1962.
		The Jiahu site had already revealed a society of unexpected complexity, with 45 house foundations, 370 cellars, nine pottery kilns, and 349 graves containing objects including tools, ornaments, and ritual or musical artefacts.
		Besides the gap of five millennia, researchers were also puzzled by the fact the Jiahu signs and others found elsewhere in China before the Longshan Culture were mostly single markings, while the jiaguwen oracles were written in sentences at Yinxu.
	www.clta-gny.org /originofwriting.htm (1599 words)

	Chinese Fermented Beverages in Neolithic Jiahu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Chemical tests of the pottery from the Neolithic village of Jiahu was of special interest, because it is some of the earliest known pottery from China.
		Through a variety of chemical methods including gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, and stable isotope analysis, finger-print compounds were identified, including those for hawthorn fruit and/or wild grape, beeswax associated with honey, and rice.
		The prehistoric beverage at Jiahu, Dr. McGovern asserts, paved the way for unique cereal beverages of the proto-historic 2nd millennium BC, remarkably preserved as liquids inside sealed bronze vessels of the Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.
	www.museum.upenn.edu /new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/masca/jiahu/jiahu.shtml (994 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Nation
		Researchers have traced the history of winemaking to 7,000 BC to the village of Jiahu in the northern Chinese province of Henan.
		But tests on pottery shards now found in Jiahu have shown traces of a drink prepared from a combination of rice, honey and grapes.
		Jiahu is in the Yellow River basin ?
	www.telegraphindia.com /1041212/asp/look/story_4107486.asp (431 words)

	Ch. Jiahu, with Hawthorn Accents - TIME Asia Magazine, Dec. 20, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		According to a report released last week in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the U.S., residents of the Neolithic village of Jiahu in Henan province were raising toasts with fruit wines and rice spirits in 7000 B.C.—usurping Iran's first place in the tipple timeline by at least a thousand years.
		The five-year study, conducted by archeologists and chemists working under the direction of Patrick E. McGovern, an expert at the University of Pennsylvania on the history of fermented beverages, identified traces of the brews on shards of pottery excavated from Jiahu in the 1980s.
		According to Zhang Juzhong, an archeologist at the University of Science and Technology of China, who discovered the shards, Jiahu's residents—who also made the world's earliest known musical instruments—"probably drank the wine to numb their minds and to help them commune with the divine." And given Chinese ingenuity, that probably wasn't all.
	www.time.com /time/asia/magazine/article/0,13673,501041220-1006708,00.html (473 words)

	The magic flutes: nine thousand years ago, Neolithic villagers in China played melodies on instruments fashioned from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Long ago in Jiahu village, an acclaimed musician passed away at the mature age of thirty-five.
		The setting is the upper valley of the Huai River, which flows east between the Huang He (Yellow River) to the north and the Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) to the south [see map on next page].
		The artifacts collected even at the surface are as much as 9,000 years old, dating from the early Neolithic, or New Stone Age, when people first began to rely on domesticated crops and animals.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_7_114/ai_n15379698 (1000 words)

	Rare flute plays the music of
		Chinese archaeologists unearthed the six fully intact instruments and about another 30 in fragments, from graves in a Neolithic site of Jiahu, China more than 10 years ago.
		Harbottle first had a chance to look at the ancient flutes about two years ago while on a trip to China.
		Chinese scientists are now trying to make replicas of the flutes, so that music can be played without risk of damage to the originals.
	www.exn.ca /html/templates/printstory.cfm?ID=1999092256 (585 words)

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